Electromagnetic Window into the Dawn of Black Holes

Abstract

The origin of massive black holes in the early universe is one of the major puzzles in astrophysics. Future X-ray surveys can detect BHs with mass M &lt; 105 M☉ at z &gt; 10, and OIR observations can characterize their immediate environment. These observations will open a window into the "Dawn of Black Holes" and distinguish models of their origin. <p/