Optical microscopy is still the main research tool for many biological studies. Indeed with the advent of genetic manipulation and specifically, the use of fluorescent protein expressing in animals and plants it has actually seen a renaissance in the past ten years, in particular with the development of novel techniques such as CARS, PALM, STORM, STED and SPIM. In all of microscopy methods one has to look through the sample at some point. The sample thus adds an additional and uncontrolled optical path, which leads to aberrations in the final image. Adaptive optics (AO) is a way of removing these unwanted aberrations which can cause image degradation and even potentially artifacts within the image. This thesis is concerned with the implementation of AO in non scanning microscopes and presents some novel methods both in wavefront sensored and sensorless configurations. A first implementation of AO on the emission path of a light sheet microscope is also presented
