Coal mining and other coal utilization technologies need crushing of coal which are usually carried out in dry condition therefore a considerable amount of dust is generated. The characterization of the dust particles for size distribution analysis, important trace metal composition, nature of organic aerosol have been carried out by laser based particle size analyzer, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, the data reveal that more than 50% of suspended particulate matter are in the size range of 6.38 to 9.63µm in the morning area. Further the suspended particulate matters obtained from main roadside contains 10-18% benzene soluble fraction and lead is present in higher concentration in comparison with other areas. The data further revealed that suspended particulate matter of Jharia coalfield contain coal particles, quartz and clay minerals encapsulated with different hydrocarbons compounds probably originated from vehicular exhausts and trace metals, like pb, etc
