Findings show that the Mwea initiative (in Mwea Division, Kenya) is a true success story in the application of an ecosystem approach in controlling malaria, and improving human health in a rural area of eastern Africa. The report provides a summary of activities and outputs. The project focused on application of an ecosystem approach to malaria research and intervention in Mwea Division, Kenya. It was one of eight similar projects in Africa coordinated by the Centre of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR)-led Systemwide Initiative on Malaria and Agriculture (SIMA) between 2004 and 2006