PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SUSU SKIM PADA KADAR PREALBUMIN ANAK BALITA YANG MENGIKUTI REHABILITASI GIZI RAWAT JALAN DI PUSKESMAS

Abstract

ABSTRACTChildren who suffering protein and energy deficiency have low blood protein, particularly prealbumin and transferin. The consequencies of a very low level prealbumin may impact immune system, increase morbidity and mortality. This study aimed assess impact of skim milk supplementation on prealbumin status of malnourished children under five attending out patient community health center( Puskesmas). The research design is before and after for 38 children. The duration of nutrition rehabilitation and supplementation was three months. During the nutrition rehabilitation, the children were treated for infectious diseases, given 200 gram skim milk per week as additional protein rich food, nutrition counseling and child health care. The result of study showed that children consumed low intakes of energy and protein (below minimum level of RDA). Prealbumin concentration before intervention 10,3±5,0 mg/dL and 10,6±3,4 mg/dL. after intervention for 3 months Prealbumin changes was not significant (p=0,695). Supplementary of skim milk 200 gram per week during 3 months in the nutrition rehabilitation outpatients failed to improved prealbumin concentration among malnourished children.Keywords: skim milk supplementation, underweight, out-patient, prealbumin concentrationABSTRAKAnak kurang energy protein (KEP) mengalami penurunan kadar protein, terutama prealbumin dan transferin dalam darah. Konsekuensi kadar prealbumin dan transferin rendah antara lain daya tahan tubuh menurun, risiko kesakitan meningkat dan kematian. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemberian makanan tambahan susu skim terhadap kadar prealbumin anak berusia di bawah lima tahun (balita) yang mengikuti rehabilitasi rawat jalan di Puskesmas. Desain penelitian before-after study. Rehabilitasi gizi rawat jalan pada anak balita dengan berat badan kurang dilakukan di Puskesmas Sukaraja selama 3 bulan. Selama mengikuti rehabilitasi gizi, anak balita mendapat pengobatan penyakit infeksi, pemberian susu skim 200 g per minggu sebagai tambahan asupan protein, penyuluhan gizi dan perawatan kesehatan anak. Jumlah responden sebanyak 38 anak balita. Asupan energi dan protein anak balita sangat rendah (di bawah AKG). Kadar prealbumin sebelum mengikuti rehabilitasi 10,3±5,0 mg/dL dan meningkat menjadi 10,6±3,4 mg/dL setelah mengikuti rehabilitasi rawat jalan. Prealbumin secara statistik tidak signifikan (p=0,695). Pemberian susu skim sebanyak 200 g per minggu selama 3 bulan belum dapat meningkatkan kadar prealbumin darah anak balita KEP yang mengikuti paket rehabilitasi rawat jalan. [Penel Gizi Makan 2013, 36(2): 157-164]Kata kunci: pemberian susu skim tambahan, anak kurang gizi, rawat jalan, kadar prealbumin