Nagaraja, Rao, N. R.

English

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Lehigh University
Lehigh Preserve
Fritz Laboratory Reports Civil and Environmental Engineering
1963
Material properties of structural carbon and high
strength steels, August 1963
Rao, N. R. Nagaraja
Follow this and additional works at: http://preserve.lehigh.edu/engr-civil-environmental-fritz-lab-
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Recommended Citation
Nagaraja, Rao, N. R., "Material properties of structural carbon and high strength steels, August 1963" (1963). Fritz Laboratory Reports.
Paper 1681.
http://preserve.lehigh.edu/engr-civil-environmental-fritz-lab-reports/1681
'..
Welded Built-Up Columns
MATERIAL PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL CARBON
AND HIGH STRENGTH STEELS
by
N.R. Nagaraja Rao
This.work has been carried out as part of an
investigation sponsored jointly by the Column
Research CounciL, the Pennsylvania Department
of Highways, the U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of Public Roads and the National Science
Foundation
Fritz Engineering Laboratory
Department of Civil Engineering
Lehigh University
Bethlehem; Pennsylvania
August 1963
Fritz Engineering Laboratory Report No. 249.20
249.20
MATERIAL PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL CARBON AND
HIGH.STRENGTHSTEELS
This is a summary of tests on the material properties of A7,.A36,
A242,A440 and A44l steels. The results include the static yield
stress, modulus of elasticity, strain hardening modulus, and strains
at first attainment of yield stress and at the onset of strain harden-
ing, These properties are shown in Fig. 1.
The tests were conducted in connection with various projects
listed below:
Project 220A. Residual Stress & Compressive Properties of Steel
Project 249. Residual Stresses & Welded Columns
Project 269. Residual Stresses &A242 Steel Columns
Project 288. Large Bolted Connections
Project 296. Hollow Structural Tubing
Project 297. Plastic Design in .High Strength Steels
All the coupons were tested in a 120,000 lb screw type universal
testing machine.with an electronically operated load iflicator and
automatic recorder. The properties were determined directly from the
recorded load-straindi~gram. Elongation was measured over an 8"
a.,fteT
gage lengthAfracture. The tests were conducted according to ASTM
specifications.
249.20
-2
The results of the tests are given below.
Property A7* A36 . A242 A440 A441
cr (ksi) 34.1 38.1 54.5 43.4 54.8ys
E (ksi) 29,600 29,500 30,900 30,450 29,400
Est (ksi) 700 728 734 786 442
€y (ill/i~) 0.0013 0.00123 0.00167 0.00143 0.00188
€st(in/in) 0.014 0.0106 0.0166 0.0104 0.0206
€ /€ 12.0 8.4 10.3 7.3 11.1s y
E1ongation(%) 24.4 26.3 27.2 21.5
Range of variation of these properties are given in the Appendix
* The values for this steel are taken from the Proc. AISC Nat'l Engr. Conf., 1956
60
50
40
Onset of .Strain
hardening A36
A7
A441
do- E
cAe.: st
2.52.0
20
30
10
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
M=E Ide.
I I
o I I
~.1 0.5 ~.o 1.5€y ~ plastic rangst
Strain (in/in)
Fig. 1 Typical Stress-Strain Diagram
249 0 20
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
-3
Yield Stress Level (a ) - The average stress during actual yielding in they
plastic range 0 It remains fairly constant for structural steel provided the
strain rate remainsconstant o
.Static Yield Stress (a ) - The yield stress level at zero strain rate o (Thisys
is obtained by stopping the movement of crossheads in the plastic range o )
Modulus of Elasticity (E) - The ratio of stress to corresponding strain
below the proportional limit o
Strain Hardening Modulus (E ) - The ratio of stress to corresponding stiain
.st
in the strain hardening region o
Elongation -·The increase in gage ~ength of a tension test specimen, usually
expressed as percentage of the original gage length.
I'
249.20
Appendix
A36
-4
No. of
Property Tests M.ean Maximum .Minimum
°
(ksi) 80 38.1 44.6 34.5ys
E (ksi) 78 29,500 35,700 26,100
E, (ksi) 13 728 1,160 525
st
E (in/in) 13 0.00123 0.00130 0.00112y
Est (in/in) 13 0.0106 0.0182 0.0060
Est/Ey 13 8.4 15.7 4.1
.' % Elongation 77 24.4 30.5 17.2
A242
,
-: ..... No. of
Property Tests Mean .Maximum Minimum
°ys 15 53.5 55.8 50.4
-
E (ksi) 14 30,900 32,800 28,900
Es (ksi) 4 734 990 500
E (in/in) 9 0.00167 0.00187 0.00155y
Est (in/in) 4 0.0166 0.0180 0.0148
EstlEy 4 10.3 10.5 10.0
% Elongation 15 26.3 33.5 20.5
249.20
A440
-5
No. of
Property Tests Average Maximum Minimum
OYs (ksi) 2 43.440 42.9 44,3 41.4
E (ksi) 2 30,450
Es t. (ksi) 1 786 797 775
Ey (in/in) 2 0.00143 0.00145 0.00140
Est (in/in) 2 0.01040 0.01055 0.01025
EstlE.. 7.3 - -
. y
% Elongation 2 27.2 28,1 26.2
40 28.0 30.6 26,2
A441
No, of
~+operty Tests Average Maximum Minimum
o;.s (ksi) 15 54.8 66,5 49.3
E (ksi) 14 29,400 31,700 26,000
E (ksi) 15 442 683 297st:
Ey (in/in) 15 0,00188 0,00220 0.00170
Est (in/in) 14 0.02060 0,02800 0,01538
EstJE y 14 11.1 15.4 7.0
% Elongation 11 21. 5 25.8 15.6


Material properties of structural carbon and high strength steels, August 1963

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Material properties of structural carbon and high strength steels, August 1963

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