Worldwide, a large amount of study is presently being performed worrying using fiber enhanced cling wrap, laminates as well as sheets in the fixing as well as fortifying of strengthened concrete participants. Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) application is a really reliable method to fix as well as enhance frameworks that have actually come to be structurally weak over their life expectancy. FRP repair service systems supply a financially feasible option to conventional repair work systems as well as products. Speculative examinations on the flexural as well as shear practices of RC beam of lights reinforced making use of constant glass fiber strengthened polymer (GFRP) sheets are performed. On the surface strengthened concrete beam of lights with epoxy-bonded GFRP sheets were checked to failing making use of an in proportion 2 factors focused fixed filling system. 2 collections of beam of lights were casted for this speculative examination program. In SET I 3 beams of lights weak in flexure were casted, out of which one is managed beam of light and also various other 2 light beams were enhanced making use of constant glass fiber enhanced polymer (GFRP) sheets in flexure. In SET II 3 beam of lights weak in shear were casted, out of which one is the regulated light beam and also various other 2 light beams were enhanced utilizing constant glass fiber enhanced polymer (GFRP) sheets in shear. The fortifying of the light beams is finished with various quantity and also arrangement of GFRP sheets

Kumar, K Kiran

Nagalakshmi, R

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Research (IJITR)

R Nagalakshmi* et al.  (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH Volume No.6, Issue No.6, October - November 2018, 9059-9061 2320 –5547 @ 2013-2018 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 9059 Intend and Manufacture of RCC Beams Using Fibber Contains For High Potency R NAGALAKSHMI M.Tech Student, Department Of CIVIL, Priyadarshini Institute of Technology & Science, Chintalapudi, Tenali, A.P, India. K KIRAN KUMAR Assistant Professor, Department Of CIVIL, Priyadarshini Institute of Technology & Science, Chintalapudi, Tenali, A.P, India. Abstract: Worldwide, a large amount of study is presently being performed worrying using fiber enhanced cling wrap, laminates as well as sheets in the fixing as well as fortifying of strengthened concrete participants. Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) application is a really reliable method to fix as well as enhance frameworks that have actually come to be structurally weak over their life expectancy. FRP repair service systems supply a financially feasible option to conventional repair work systems as well as products. Speculative examinations on the flexural as well as shear practices of RC beam of lights reinforced making use of constant glass fiber strengthened polymer (GFRP) sheets are performed. On the surface strengthened concrete beam of lights with epoxy-bonded GFRP sheets were checked to failing making use of an in proportion 2 factors focused fixed filling system. 2 collections of beam of lights were casted for this speculative examination program. In SET I 3 beams of lights weak in flexure were casted, out of which one is managed beam of light and also various other 2 light beams were enhanced making use of constant glass fiber enhanced polymer (GFRP) sheets in flexure. In SET II 3 beam of lights weak in shear were casted, out of which one is the regulated light beam and also various other 2 light beams were enhanced utilizing constant glass fiber enhanced polymer (GFRP) sheets in shear. The fortifying of the light beams is finished with various quantity and also arrangement of GFRP sheets. Keywords: Fiber; GFRP; GFRP Sheets; High Efficiency; FRP; Fiber Reinforced Concrete;   I. INTRODUCTION The upkeep, recovery as well as updating of architectural participants, is maybe among one of the most vital issues in civil design applications. Furthermore, a lot of frameworks created in the past utilizing the older layout codes in various components of the globe are structurally hazardous according to the brand-new layout codes. Considering that substitute of such lacking aspects of frameworks sustains a big quantity of public cash as well as time, conditioning has actually come to be the appropriate means of enhancing their lots bring ability and also prolonging their life span. Framework degeneration triggered by early degeneration of structures and also frameworks has actually brought about the examination of numerous procedures for fixing or enhancing functions. Among the obstacles in fortifying of concrete frameworks is option of a fortifying technique that will certainly boost the toughness as well as service of the framework while resolving constraints such as constructability, developing procedures, as well as spending plan. Architectural fortifying might be needed as a result of several scenarios. Added stamina might be required to enable greater tons to be put on the framework. This is commonly called for when making use of the framework adjustments and also greater lots- bring capability is required. This can additionally take place if extra mechanical tools, submitting systems, planters, or various other products are being included in a framework. Enhancing might be required to permit the framework to withstand tons that were not prepared for in the initial layout. This might be run into when architectural conditioning is needed for lots arising from wind as well as seismic pressures or to enhance resistance to blast loading. Extra toughness might be required because of a shortage in the framework's capacity to lug the initial layout lots. Shortages might be the outcome of degeneration (e.g., rust of steel support as well as loss of concrete area), architectural damages (e.g., car influence, extreme wear, too much loading, as well as fire), or mistakes in the initial style or building (e.g., lost or missing out on strengthening steel and also insufficient concrete toughness). When handling such conditions, each job has its very own collection of constraints and also needs. Whether attending to area limitations, constructability limitations, longevity needs, or any kind of variety of various other problems, each job needs a good deal of creative thinking in reaching a reinforcing remedy. Most of architectural conditioning includes boosting the capability of the architectural component to securely stand up to several of the complying with interior pressures brought on by packing: flexure, shear, axial, as well as torsion. Enhancing is completed by either minimizing the size of these pressures or by boosting the participant's resistance to them. Common fortifying methods such as area augmentation, on the surface adhered support, post-tensioning, as well as extra assistances might be utilized to attain better stamina as well as use. Enhancing systems can enhance the resistance of the existing framework to interior pressures in R Nagalakshmi* et al.  (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH Volume No.6, Issue No.6, October - November 2018, 9059-9061 2320 –5547 @ 2013-2018 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 9060 either a passive or energetic way. Easy enhancing systems are generally involved just when added lots, past those existing at the time of instalment, are put on the framework. Bonding steel plates or fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) compounds on the architectural participants are instances of passive enhancing systems. Energetic enhancing systems generally involve the framework instantly as well as might be achieved by presenting exterior pressures to the participant that neutralize the impacts of interior pressures. Instances of this consist of using exterior post-tensioning systems or by jacking the participant to alleviate or move existing lots. Whether passive or energetic, the major difficulty is to accomplish composite actions in between the existing framework as well as the brand-new conditioning aspects. II. RELATED STUDY Normally, fiber is a material made into a long filament with a diameter generally in the order of 10 tm. The aspect ratio of length and diameter can be ranging from thousand to infinity. The functions of the fibers are to carry the load and provide strength, thermal stability, stiffness, and other structural properties in the FRP. Glass fibers are also available as thin sheets, called mats. A mat which is made by both long continuous and short fibers (e.g., discontinuous fibers with a length between 25 and 50 mm) arranged in random and bonded together. The width of such mats is variable between 5 cm and 2 m, their density being roughly 0.5 kg/m2. The matrix serves to bind the fibers together, transfer loads to the fibers. The matrix has a strong influence on several mechanical properties of the composite such as strength, shear and compression. Epoxy resins are relatively low molecular weight pre-polymers capable of being processed under a variety of conditions. Epoxy resins are characterized by the presence of a three-membered ring containing two carbons and an oxygen (epoxy group or epoxide or oxirane ring). III. METHODOLOGY Concrete is a construction material composed of portland cement and water combined with sand, gravel, crushed stone, or other inert material such as expanded slag or vermiculite. The cement and water form a paste which hardens by chemical reaction into a strong, stone-like mass. The inert materials are called aggregates, and for economy no more cement paste is used than is necessary to coat all the aggregate surfaces and fill all the voids. The concrete paste is plastic and easily molded into any form or troweled to produce a smooth surface. Hardening begins immediately, but precautions are taken, usually by covering, to avoid rapid loss of moisture since the presence of water is necessary to continue the chemical reaction and increase the strength. Too much water, however, produces a concrete that is more porous and weaker. The quality of the paste formed by the cement and water largely determines the character of the concrete. Proportioning of the ingredients of concrete is referred to as designing the mixture, and for most structural work the concrete is designed to give compressive strengths of 15 to 35 MPa. A rich mixture for columns may be in the proportion of 1 volume of cement to 1 of sand and 3 of stone, while a lean mixture for foundations may be in the proportion of 1:3:6. Concrete may be produced as a dense mass which is practically artificial rock, and chemicals may be added to make it waterproof, or it can be made porous and highly permeable for such use as filter beds. An air-entraining chemical may be added to produce minute bubbles for porosity or light weight. Normally, the full hardening period of concrete is at least 7 days. The gradual increase in strength is due to the hydration of the tricalcium aluminates and silicates. Sand used in concrete was originally specified as roughly angular, but rounded grains are now preferred. The stone is usually sharply broken. The weight of concrete varies with the type and amount of rock and sand. A concrete with trap rock may have a density of 2,483 kg/m3. Concrete is stronger in compression than in tension, and steel bar, called rebar or mesh is embedded in structural members to increase the tensile and flexural strengths. In addition to the structural uses, concrete is widely used in precast units such as block, tile, sewer, and water pipe, and ornamental products. FRP composite is a two phased material, hence its anisotropic properties. It is composed of fiber and matrix, which are bonded at interface. Each of these different phases has to perform its required function based on mechanical properties, so that the composite system performs satisfactorily as a whole. In this case, the reinforcing fiber provides FRP composite with strength and stiffness, while the matrix gives rigidity and environmental protection.  Fig.3.1. Formation of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite IV. EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS Glass fibers typically have a Young modulus of elasticity (70 GPa for E-glass) lower than carbon or aramid fibers and their abrasion resistance is relatively poor; therefore, caution in their manipulation is required. In addition, they are prone to creep and have low fatigue strength. To enhance the bond between fibers and matrix, as R Nagalakshmi* et al.  (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH Volume No.6, Issue No.6, October - November 2018, 9059-9061 2320 –5547 @ 2013-2018 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 9061 well as to protect the fibers itself against alkaline agents and moisture, fibers undergo sizing treatments acting as coupling agents. Such treatments are useful to enhance durability and fatigue performance (static and dynamic) of the composite material. FRP composites based on fiber glass are usually denoted as GFRP.  Fig.4.1. Discontinuous Glass Fibers Then the second layer of the epoxy resin was applied and GFRP sheet was then placed on top of epoxy resin coating and the resin was squeezed through the roving of the fabric with the roller and the above process was repeated. During hardening of the epoxy, a constant uniform pressure was applied on the composite fabric surface in order to extrude the excess epoxy resin and to ensure good contact between the epoxy, the concrete and the fabric. This operation was carried out at room temperature. Concrete beams strengthened with glass fiber fabric were cured for 24 hours at room temperature before testing.  Fig.4.2. Application of epoxy and hardener on the beam. V. CONCLUSION In this experimental investigation the flexural and shear behaviour of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by GFRP sheets are studied. Two sets of reinforced concrete (RC) beams, in SET I three beams weak in flexure and in SET II three beams weak in shear were casted and tested. Initial flexural cracks appear at a higher load by strengthening the beam at soffit. The ultimate load carrying capacity of the strengthen beam F2 is 33 % more than the controlled beam F1. Load at initial cracks is further increased by strengthening the beam at the soffit as well as on the two sides of the beam up to the neutral axis from the soffit. The ultimate load carrying capacity of the strengthen beam F3 is 43 % more than the controlled beam F1 and 7 % more than the strengthen beam F2. Analytical analysis is also carried out to find the ultimate moment carrying capacity and compared with the experimental results. It was found that analytical analysis predicts lower value than the experimental findings. When the beam is not strengthen, it failed in flexure but after strengthening the beam in flexure, then flexure-shear failure of the beam takes place which is more dangerous than the flexural failure of the beam as it does not give much warning before failure. Therefore it is recommended to check the shear strength of the beam and carry out shear strengthening along with flexural strengthening if required. VI. REFERENCES [1]  M. A. Shahawy, M. Arockiasamy, T. Beitelman, R. Sowrirajan “Reinforced concrete rectangular beams strengthened with CFRP laminates” Composites: Part B 27B (1996) 225-233 [2]  Victor N. Kaliakin, Michael J. Chajes and Ted F. Januszka “Analysis of concrete beams reinforced with externally bonded woven composite fabrics” Composites:  Part B 27B (1996) 235-244 [3]  Koji Takeda, Yoshiyuki Mitsui, Kiyoshi Murakami,  Hiromichi  Sakai  and  Moriyasu Nakamura “Flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete  beams  strengthened with carbon fibre sheets” Composites Part A 27A (1996) 981-987 [4]  G. Spadea, F. Bencardino and R. N. Swamy “Structural Behavior of Composite RC Beams with Externally Bonded CFRP” Journal of Composites for Construction Vol. 2, No. 3. August, 1998. 132-137 [5]  Ahmed Khalifa, William J. Gold, Antonio Nanni, and Abdel Aziz M.I. “Contribution of externally bonded FRP to shear capacity of RC flexural members” Journal of Composites for Construction, Vol. 2. No. 4, November,1998. 195-202 [6]  N. F. Grace, G. A. Sayed, A. K. Soliman and K. R. Saleh “Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Laminates” ACI Structural Journal/September-October 1999. 865-875 [7]  B. Taljsten and L. Elfgren “Strengthening concrete beams for shear using CFRP- materials: evaluation of different application methods” Composites: Part B 31 (2000) 87–96 [8]  Ahmed Khalifa, Antonio Nanni “Improving shear capacity of existing RC T-section beams using CFRP composites” Cement & Concrete Composites 22 (2000) 165-174 

INTEND AND MANUFACTURE OF RCC BEAMS USING FIBBER CONTAINS FOR HIGH POTENCY

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INTEND AND MANUFACTURE OF RCC BEAMS USING FIBBER CONTAINS FOR HIGH POTENCY

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