Many heat transfer applications such as steam generators in a boiler or air cooling coil of an air conditioner, can be modelled in a bank of tubes containing a fluid flowing at one temperature that is immersed in a second fluid in a cross flow at different temperature. CFD analysis is a useful tool for understanding flow and heat transfer principles as well as for modelling these types of geometries. Both the fluids considered in the present study are CuO Nano fluid, and SiO2 and flow is classified as laminar and steady with The tube spacing or arrangement with 30 and 60 degree angle are studied to determine the maximum heat transfer fluid Both the nanofluids are simulated with both the angle arrangement to extract pressure velocity and temperature distribution the analysis is the compared with the common fluid Water to determine the performance of the arrangement

Akkone, Vaibhav R

Nagaraj, M.R.

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Research (IJITR)

      Vaibhav R Akkone * et al. (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH Volume No.5, Issue No.4, June – July 2017, 7016-7020. 2320 –5547 @ 2013-2017 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 7016 CFD Analysis Of Periodic Flow Heat Exchanger Using Nanofluids VAIBHAV R AKKONE M.Tech Student in Department of Mechanical Engineering, PDA College of Engineering Kalaburagi District, Karnataka, India. M.R. NAGARAJ Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, PDA College of Engineering Kalaburagi Karnataka, India. Abstract: Many heat transfer applications such as steam generators in a boiler or air cooling coil of an air conditioner, can be modelled in a bank of tubes containing a fluid flowing at one temperature that is immersed in a second fluid in a cross flow at different temperature. CFD analysis is a useful tool for understanding flow and heat transfer principles as well as for modelling these types of geometries. Both the fluids considered in the present study are CuO Nano fluid, and SiO2 and flow is classified as laminar and steady with The tube spacing or arrangement with 30 and 60 degree angle are studied to determine the maximum heat transfer fluid Both the nanofluids are simulated with both the angle arrangement to extract pressure velocity and temperature distribution the analysis is the compared with the common fluid Water to determine the performance of the arrangement. Keywords: Plate Heat Exchanger; Ceramic; Nanofluids SiO2; CuO;  I. INTRODUCTION Generally, in any kind of heat exchanger the commonly used flowing fluid is water. But now here we are using Nano fluid (CUO). A Nano fluid is a fluid containing nanometer-sized particles, called nanoparticles. These fluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. The nanoparticles used in Nano fluids are typically made of metals, oxides, carbides, or carbon nanotubes. Common base fluids include water, ethylene glycol and oil. Nano fluids have novel properties that make them potentially useful in many applications in heat transfer including microelectronics, fuel cells, pharmaceutical processes, and hybrid –powered engines, engine cooling/vehicle thermal management, domestic refrigerator, chillier, heat exchangers in grinding, machining and in boiler flue gas Temperature reduction. They exhibit enhanced thermal conductivity and the convective heat transfer coefficient compared to the base fluid. Knowledge of the rheological behaviour of Nano fluids is found to be very critical in deciding their suitability for convective heat transfer.  Figure 1: Heat transfer for heat exchanger.      Heat Exchanger Tubes  Figure 2: Common tube layouts for exchangers. The tubes are the basic components of the shell and Tube heat exchanger, providing the heat transfer surface between on fluid flowing inside the tube and the other fluid flowing across outside of the tubes. The tubes may be seamless or welded and most commonly made of copper or steel alloys. Other alloys for specific applications the tubes are available in a variety of metals which includes admiralty, Mountz metal, brass, 70-30 copper nickel, aluminium bronze, aluminium. They are available in a number of different wall thicknesses. Tubes in heat exchangers. Working of Nano fluid A nanofluid is a fluid containing nanometer-sized particles, called nanoparticles. These fluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. The nanoparticles used in nanofluids are typically made of metals, oxides, carbides, or carbon nanotubes. Common base fluids include water, ethylene glycol and oil. II. METHODOLOGY Step 1  Create Periodic Zones       Vaibhav R Akkone * et al. (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH Volume No.5, Issue No.4, June – July 2017, 7016-7020. 2320 –5547 @ 2013-2017 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 7017  Figure 3: Geometry  III. MESHING ANSYS Meshing is a general-purpose, intelligent, automated high-performance product. It produces the most appropriate mesh for accurate, efficient multi physics solutions. A mesh well suited for a specific analysis can be generated with a single mouse click for all parts in a model. Full controls over the options used to generate the mesh are available for the expert user who wants to fine-tune it. The power of parallel processing is automatically used to reduce the time you have to wait for mesh generation.  Figure 4: Meshing  Figure 5: Meshing IV. RESULTS 1. RESULTS OF THE PERIODIC HEAT TRANSFER USING SIO2 AS A WORKING FLUID WITH 30 DEGREE   Figure 6: Static Pressure Of periodic heat transfer with SIO2  Figure 7: Static Temperature of the periodic heat transfer using SIO2  Figure 8: Velocity of the periodic heat transfer using SIO2 2. RESULTS OF THE PERIODIC HEAT TRANSFER USING CuO AS WORKING FLUID WITH 30 DEGREE  Figure 9: Static Pressure Of periodic heat transfer with CUO  Figure 10: Static Temperature Of periodic heat transfer with CUO V. PLOTS COMPARISIONS  Figure 11: Pressure Comparison between water, CuO and SiO2 The above Graph represents the Comparison of       Vaibhav R Akkone * et al. (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH Volume No.5, Issue No.4, June – July 2017, 7016-7020. 2320 –5547 @ 2013-2017 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 7018 Pressure Distribution in periodic heat transfer in 30 degree arrangement with water , CUO and SIO2 , In the plot X-axis represents the chart count and y-axis represents the Pressure in Pascal Chart count is the term obtained from the 2d line drawn from the inlet and outlet it represents the equally spaced points on the total length of the line , From the curves we can say the pressure is gradually decreasing up to the Cylinder wall area and it is increasing at the outlet with the similar behaviour in all three fluids due to the closer arrangement of cylinders  Figure 12: Temperature Distribution Comparison between water, CuO and SiO2 The above Graph represents the Comparison of Temperature (k) Distribution in periodic heat transfer in 30 degree arrangement with Water, CUO and SIO2 , In the plot X-axis represents the chart count and y-axis represents the Temperature in Kelvin Chart count is the term obtained from the 2d line drawn from the inlet and outlet it represents the equally spaced points on the total length of the line ,  The obtain curves suggests that in all the three fluids Sio2 has more heat transfer because of the Divided arrangement and the uniform cooling will decide the high thermal conductive fluid  Figure 13: Velocity Distribution along the line of water, CuO and SiO2 The above Graph represents the Comparison of Velocity (m/s) Distribution in periodic heat transfer in 30 degree arrangement with Water , CuO and SiO2 , In the plot X-axis represents the chart count and y-axis represents the Velocity in meter per second Chart count is the term obtained from the 2d line drawn from the inlet and outlet it represents the equally spaced points on the total length of the line ,  From the curve the Velocity of the water is much higher compared with the other nano fluids because of the lower density we can observe the hikes in the curve has formed near the cylinder region because of periodicity all fluids respond or react similarly unless they have any changes in the physical properties 3. RESULTS OF THE PERIODIC HEAT TRANSFER USING CUO NANOFLUID WITH 60 DEGREES  Figure 14: Static Pressure Of periodic heat transfer with CuO with construction angle of 60 degrees  Figure 15: Static Temperature Of periodic heat transfer with CuO with construction angle of 60 degrees  Figure 16: Velocity Magnitude Of periodic heat transfer with CuO with construction angle of 60 degrees 4. RESULTS OF THE PERIODIC HEAT TRANSFER USING SiO2 NANOFLUID WITH 60 DEGREES  Figure 17: Static Pressure Of periodic heat transfer with SiO2 with construction angle of 60 degrees  Figure 18: Static Pressure Of periodic heat transfer with SiO2with construction angle of 60 degrees       Vaibhav R Akkone * et al. (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH Volume No.5, Issue No.4, June – July 2017, 7016-7020. 2320 –5547 @ 2013-2017 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 7019  Figure 19: Velocity magnitude of periodic heat transfer with SiO2 with construction angle of 60 degrees  Figure 20: Pressure Distribution along the line of water, CuO and SiO2 The above Graph represents the Comparison of Pressure Distribution in periodic heat transfer with water , CUO and SIO2 , In the plot X-axis represents the chart count and y-axis represents the Pressure in Pascal Chart count is the term obtained from the 2d line drawn from the inlet and outlet it represents the equally spaced points on the total length of the line , From the curves we can say the pressure is gradually decreasing up to the Cylinder wall area and it is increasing at the outlet with the similar behaviour in all three fluids due to the closer arrangement of cylinders  Figure 21: Temperature Distribution along the axis Of three Fluids The above Graph represents the Comparison of Temperature (k)Distribution in periodic heat transfer with Water , CUO and SIO2 , In the plot X-axis represents the chart count and y-axis represents the Temperature in Kelvin Chart count is the term obtained from the 2d line drawn from the inlet and outlet it represents the equally spaced points on the total length of the line ,  The obtain curves suggests that in all the three fluids Sio2 has more heat transfer because of the closure arrangement and the rapidly subjected cooling will vary the difference vastly  Figure 22: Velocity Distribution along the length of the three fluids The above Graph represents the Comparison of Velocity (m/s) Distribution in periodic heat transfer with Water , CUO and SIO2 , In the plot X-axis represents the chart count and y-axis represents the Velocity in meter per second Chart count is the term obtained from the 2d line drawn from the inlet and outlet it represents the equally spaced points on the total length of the line ,  From the curve the Velocity of the water is much higher compared with the other nanofluids because of the lower density we can observe the hikes in the curve has formed near the cylinder region because of periodicity all fluids respond or react similarly unless they have any changes in the physical properties VI. CONCLUSION Mode and mesh creation n CFD is one of the most important phases of simulation. The model and mesh density determine the accuracy and flexibility of the simulations. Too dense a mesh will unnecessarily increase the solution time; too coarse a mesh will reach to a divergent solution quickly. But will not show an accurate flow profile. An optimal mesh is denser in areas where there are no flow profile changes. •A two- dimensional numerical solution of flow and heat transfer in a bank of tubes which is used in industrial applications has been carried out. •Analysis for 60 and 30 degree models were performed to extract the heat transfer from the cylinders it is observed that the nanofluids taken sio2 and CuO has performed better in transferring heat when compared to the graph  •Further improvements of heat transfer and fluid flow modelling can be possible by modelling three dimensional models and changing the working fluid. •It was observed that Heat transfer rate is more for Nano fluids when compared to water. VII. REFERENCES [1]. Choi, S. U. S. “Nanofluid technology: Current status and future research”, Korea - U.S. Technical Conference on Strategic Technologies, Vienna, VA (US), 1998. [2]. Choi. S.U.S., Zhang. Z.G., Yu. W.,       Vaibhav R Akkone * et al. (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH Volume No.5, Issue No.4, June – July 2017, 7016-7020. 2320 –5547 @ 2013-2017 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 7020 Lockwood. F.E. and Grulke. E.A. (2001) “Anomalous Thermal conductivity enhancement in nanotube suspensions”, Applied Physics Letters 79, 2252-2254. [3]. Kleinstreuer. C., Li. J. and Koo. J. (2008) “Microfluidics of nano-drug delivery”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 51, 5590–5597. [4]. Liu Yang., Kai Du., Yue Hong Ding., Bo Cheng. and Yan Jun Li. (2012) “Viscosity-prediction models of ammonia water nanofluids based on various dispersion types”, Powder Technology 215-216, 210-218. [5]. Mintsa. H. A., Roy. G., Nguyen. C. T. and Doucet D. (2009) “New temperature dependent thermal conductivity data for water-based nanofluids,” International Journal of Thermal Sciences 48, 363-371. [6]. Lee, J. H., Hwang, K. S., Jang, S. P., Lee, B. H., Kim, J. H., Choi, S. U. S. and Choi, C. J. “Effective viscosities and Thermal Conductivities of Aqueous Nanofluids Containing Low Volume concentrations of Al2O3 Nanoparticles”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,Vol.51, pp.2651-2656, 2008. [7]. Shah, R. K and Bhatti, M. S. “Laminar Convective Heat Transfer in Ducts”, Handbook of Single-Phase Convective Heat Transfer, New York, Wiley Inderscience, 1987. [8]. Tzou, D. Y., (2008), Thermal instability of nanofluids in natural convection, International Journal of Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 51, pp. 2967-2979 [9]. Choi, S.U.S., (1995), Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluid with nanoparticles, developments and applications of non-Newtonian flow. ASME FED, Vol.231, pp.99- 105. [10]. Yang. Y., Grulke. E.A., Zhang. Z.G. and Wu. G. (2006) “Thermal and rheological properties of carbon nanotube-in-oil dispersions”, Journal of Applied Physics 99, 1114307-1-1114307-8. [11]. Koo, J. and Kleinstreuer, C. “Laminar nanofluid flow in micro heatsinks”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.48, pp.2652-2661, 2005.    AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY  VAIBHAV R AKKONE was born in Kalaburagi District, Karnataka, India in 1993. He received the B.E degree   in   Automobile    Engineering    from PDA college of   Engineering, Kalaburagi. Pursuing M.Tech degree in Thermal Power Engineering from PDA College of Engineering Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India.  M.R. NAGARAJ B.E from Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Mysore and M.E (Thermal) from PDA College of Engineering, Kalaburagi. Present working as associate professor at PDA College of Engineering and He has 33Years of teaching Experience in the areas of thermal engineering. 

CFD ANALYSIS OF PERIODIC FLOW HEAT EXCHANGER USING NANOFLUIDS

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CFD ANALYSIS OF PERIODIC FLOW HEAT EXCHANGER USING NANOFLUIDS

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