Multi-level Parking systems for a while also provide provided relief since they have a number of benefits - optimal usage of space, lower maintenance and operational cost, lower construction cost, secure and atmosphere-friendly nature, comfortable for that motorists, cost saving for builders by saving height or depth. Multiple Level Vehicle Parking Systems tend to be fashionable an approach to instantly parking and retrieving cars that typically make use of a system of pallets and lifts and signaling devices for retrieval. They serve advantages like safety, saving of space, some time and fuel space but should also come with an extra along with a very detailed assessment from the parking needed, space availability and traffic flow

Madan Mohan, S

Nagajyothi, M

Sreenatha Reddy, Dr S

Vasudeva Naidu, M

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Research (IJITR)

M. Naga Jyothi* et al.   (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH   Volume No.4, Issue No.5, August – September 2016, 4203-4206.  2320 –5547 @ 2013-2016 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved.  Page | 4203 Fuel And Energy Efficient Multi-Stage Parking Structure For Optimum Space M NAGAJYOTHI M.Tech Student (Highway Engineering) Dept Of Civil Engineering, Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Hyderabad, TS, India Dr S SREENATHA REDDY Professor Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Hyderabad, TS, India S MADAN MOHAN Professor Dept of Civil Engineering Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Hyderabad, TS, India. M VASUDEVA NAIDU Associate Professor Dept of Civil Engineering Guru Nanak Institute of Technology Hyderabad, TS, India Abstract: Multi-level Parking systems for a while also provide provided relief since they have a number of benefits - optimal usage of space, lower maintenance and operational cost, lower construction cost, secure and atmosphere-friendly nature, comfortable for that motorists, cost saving for builders by saving height or depth. Multiple Level Vehicle Parking Systems tend to be fashionable an approach to instantly parking and retrieving cars that typically make use of a system of pallets and lifts and signaling devices for retrieval. They serve advantages like safety, saving of space, some time and fuel space but should also come with an extra along with a very detailed assessment from the parking needed, space availability and traffic flow. Keywords: Multi-Level Parking System; Space; Safety; Traffic Flow I. INTRODUCTION Cost and time are two of the most key elements of human existence, whether for a person or perhaps a business. Mainly for those educational facilities such as the schools, colleges, universities etc., using the requirements of your practice now-a-days for each individual, which increasingly more learners are growing? Generally, sufficient parking ought to be provided next to all of the developments to make sure that vehicles aren't parked within the carriageway of the road where they might hamper traffic flow and constitute a security hazard [1]. The growing population Asia has produced many problems among the challenging ones being vehicle parking which we confront nearly every day. Aside from the problem of space for cars moving on the highway, greater may be the problem of space for any parked vehicle thinking about those private vehicles remains parked for many of their time. While residential projects still escape with designated parking, the actual problem lie with commercial spaces and mostly the academic Institutions at times that is overcome if you take extra open spaces to fit. Parking Statistics provides the Record details about the parking area contributing to the vehicles that should be parked within the parking area like the quantity of vehicles which are could be parked at any given time within the parking area at any given time, quantity of vehicles which are coming to the parking area in a particular time period, etc.  II. IMPACTS OF PARKING LOTS Parking lots really are a ubiquitous feature from the American landscape. Possibly since they're so the norm, the functional atmosphere and price impacts connected with parking lots are frequently overlooked. Ecological Impacts on Parking Lots: The predominant low-density American development pattern (i.e., urban sprawl) requirements reliance upon automobiles, combined with the construction of parking lots to support, and lots of occasions over accommodate, interest in parking. As parking lots have grown to be a dominant feature of urban and suburban landscapes, their ecological impacts also have become more and more apparent. Water Quality Impacts: Contaminants within the parking area runoff can result from a number of sources, such as the paving materials to construct them. Lately, the USGS has pinpointed parking area sealants like a large supply of non-point source pollution, particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a known carcinogen that may be toxic to fish and wildlife. Water Supply Impacts: Conventional parking lots include large regions of impervious surfaces that don't enable the infiltration puff water in to the soil. Storm water Management Impacts: Based on the USGS, an impervious man-made surface will generate 2 to six occasions more runoff than the usual natural surface. Additionally towards the direct impact of paving, conventional parking lots also typically include pipes, curbing, gutters, and drains to assist speed water from parking surfaces [2]. Air M. Naga Jyothi* et al.   (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH   Volume No.4, Issue No.5, August – September 2016, 4203-4206.  2320 –5547 @ 2013-2016 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved.  Page | 4204 Emission Impacts: Pollutant air emission occurs through the existence cycle of the parking area. Asphalt cement plants emit particulate matter, nitrogen oxides (NO x), sulfur oxides (SOx), deadly carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compound (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and co2 (CO2) throughout the manufacturing process. Those activities connected using the construction and upkeep of parking lots also generates emission typically by means of dust, fumes. Waste Impacts: Using recycled asphalt is typical in the making of roads, but has yet to get prevalent in parking area construction. Additionally, options to impervious surfaces for example gravel-pave and grass-pave systems typically utilize recycled materials. Reduction in Eco-friendly Space: Green space is really a finite resource that offers value for various reasons, including conservation, entertainment, and farming purposes or due to its scenic characteristics and contribution towards the overall character of the town or city. Proper control over green space is important to achieving and looking after sustainable communities. Urban Sprawl: Urban sprawl and prevailing low-density development patterns characterized by free, plentiful parking reinforce reliance on automobiles for commuting to operate, shopping, and social activities. III. TYPES OF PARKING The kinds of the parking are classified based on the place or location where they're parked and also the position that they were parked. The kinds of parking are classified the following: On Street Parking: On Street Parking is the kind of parking the vehicles are parked around the sides from the street itself [3]. This is usually controlled by government departments. This kind of parking the vehicles would be that the vehicles are parked around the sides of the road along the size of the street. On road parking bays require to become clearly marked and could be provided most of the following forms Finish on Parking, Parallel Parking, and Angled Parking. Off-Street Parking: Off-Street Parking is the kind of parking that the vehicles are parked from the street. Which means, the vehicles are parked within the separate parking lots for each individual commercial or even the educational or any residential, etc. building? Off-Street or Off-Road parking also classified in to the following types: Parallel Parking and Angled Parking. Parking Types for On-Street and Off-Street Parking: Parallel Parking: The vehicles are parked along the size of the street. Here there's no backward movement involved while parking or United Nations parking the automobile. Hence, it's the safest parking in the accident perspective. However, it consumes the utmost curb length and for that reason merely a minimum quantity of vehicles could be parked for any given curbed length. This process of parking produces least obstruction towards the on-going track on the highway since least road width can be used. IV. MATERIALS The negative impacts connected with large impervious surface areas in parking lots could be reduced by using new permeable materials as substitutes for pavement. Numerous paving substitutions happen to be designed to reduce the plethora of ecological impacts connected by using pavement. Kinds of permeable and semi-permeable alternative pavers include gravel, cobble, concrete, wood mulch, brick, open jointed pavers full of turf or aggregate, turf blocks, gemstone, and pervious concrete. With different site’s characteristics (i.e. traffic volume, soil type, climate etc.), alternative pavers might not be a choice for the whole the surface of primary parking areas. However, oftentimes the aisles and driveways could be built using conventional pavement, while alternative pavers may be used in parking stalls, crosswalks, and overflow lots. Alternative pavers slow the flow of runoff, letting it filter in to the soil, sustaining an area’s natural hydrological cycle, and perhaps, allowing microbes to interrupt lower contaminants before entering the earth layer. RESINPAVE™ and porous pavement is a couple of other notable options to conventional paving options. RESINPAVE™, though not pervious, is produced from renewable sources - crushed stone and natural tree resin contains no oil ingredients, and it is highly reflective. However, as something new it's still relatively costly to set up, and faces unresolved questions concerning durability. Porous pavements, although less eco preferred than RESINPAVE™ since it uses the equivalent chemicals and required to create conventional pavement, is more suitable to asphalt since it provides water infiltration benefits [4]. Possibilities for materials recycling appear in the management and construction of parking lots. For example, using recycled asphalt in parking area construction isn't just eco advantageous, but could make economic sense. Other eco more suitable materials, for example recycled rubberized asphalt, could also be used in parking area construction. Recycling materials could be cheaper for developers than incurring the increasing landfill cost in certain States for disposal of construction, destruction, and clearing debris. Reuse of the natural sources, for example rainwater, is yet another advantageous eco-friendly parking area technique. By collecting rainwater and parking area runoff via cisterns, rainwater could be reused for irrigation and gray water purposes, reducing virgin water demand and charges. Their email list of the numerous materials within this Project is listed below: M5 Grade Concrete, M15 Grade Concrete, M20 Grade Concrete, and Murray for Land Filling and Non-Slippery Tiles by walking M. Naga Jyothi* et al.   (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH   Volume No.4, Issue No.5, August – September 2016, 4203-4206.  2320 –5547 @ 2013-2016 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved.  Page | 4205 Path, Curb Gemstones, Grass and Plants for Greenery, and PVC Speed Breakers.  Fig.1.Parking model V. REQUIREMENTTS For Designing and Planning for a Parking area there should think about some needs concerning the land scope in the particular area or location. A few of the needs are listed below. All parking places that next to a pavement or street line shall possess a landscaped safety island not less than three (3) ft wide and 6 (6) inches high, except at points of access. A sturdy bumper guard, authorized by the Building Inspector, should be installed to avoid vehicles encroaching around the landscaped safety island. Needed parking areas shall possess a landscaped island marking each finish of rows of car space sand medium difficulty island across each such row at times of only 15 (15) vehicle spaces. Such planting islands shall’t is less than eight (8) ft wide within the direction parallel towards the row and never less than eighteen (18) ft lengthy within the direction vertical with respect towards the row. Each such island shall possess a appropriate curb of granite or concrete, will be grown with grass or ground cover, and shall get one tree of not under two(2) inch caliper [5]. One tree of not under two (2) inches caliper will be grown for every forty (40) ft of street line frontage, except where sight distance doesn't get this to practical. A tree is going to be understood to be being deciduous, of the variety generally appropriate for landscaping use in this planting zone. Parking garages aren't susceptible to these landscaping needs. There are various minimum dimensions for various kinds of vehicles to become allotted for those vehicles within the parking area.  Fig.2.Proposed model VI. CONCLUSION Thus, the making of the Parking Area for GURU NANAK INSTITUTIONS Ibrahimpatnam is Suggested by me with this particular Project using the minimum Budget of Construction Price of Rs. 58 lakhs /-. The vehicles are parked within the place allotted for that parking of vehicles fit in with Students, Faculty along with the Visitors of GNI. Within this project I suggest an effective and systematic the perception of parking area for the college for the buddies and school for parking their vehicles. This design makes strategically convenient for patrons to fit their vehicles and walk towards the college blocks. Thinking about that it takes only roughly 2minutes walk in the parking area towards the college primary lobby. With this particular project, a great, systematic, safe, as well as an area saving Parking Area could be built that is helpful for the campus later on also. This provides an opportunity to park most of vehicles the spaces are sufficient in day-to-day college business days in addition to sufficient in almost any other days, like performing occasions and programs, like Cultural Programs, DJ Nights, and Live Wires that we're performing each year. This really is good style of safe, secure, and systematic Parking Area that's suitable for our Campus Needs. VII. REFERENCES [1] Hitendra.G. Wasnik, Optimal Automatic Car Parking System for Indian Environment, Indian Streams Reserach Journal Vol.1,Issue.X/Nov; 11pp.1-4, ISSN:-2230-7850 [2] Santheesh G,Intelligent Parking Lot Management System-Implementation Challenges,CDAC. [3] Parking Consultants International, Parking Guidance Systems [Online]. Sydney: Parking ConsultantsInternational, (2009). [4] I. Masaki, “Machine-vision Systems for Intelligent Transportation Systems”, Intelligent Systems and theirApplications, IEEE, vol. 13, (1998) [5] Several Designing Softwares for Drawing and Designing.   M. Naga Jyothi* et al.   (IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH   Volume No.4, Issue No.5, August – September 2016, 4203-4206.  2320 –5547 @ 2013-2016 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved.  Page | 4206 AUTHOR’s PROFILE M Nagajyothi Born in 1992, Gadwal, Mahabubnagar district, Telangana. She received her bachelor of technology in Civil Engineering from Gokaraju Rangaraju Instituete Of Engineering And Technology. She has done m.tech on fuel and energy efficient multi-storage parking structure for optimum space Dr. S.SREENATHA REDDY, Principal  & Professor  at  Guru Nanak Institute of Technology under JNTUH, Hyderabad.  Dr. S.SREENATHA REDDY obtained B.Tech, Mechanical Engineering from JNTU,  Hyderabad,  M.Tech.- Heat power, Refrigeration & Air conditioning  from  JNTU, Hyderabad  and Ph.D. Faculty of  Mechanical Engineering from JNTUA .  Dr. S.SREENATHA REDDY held various administrative posts and developed the Institution with his projects and developmental activities. Notable among his awards i.e National award like Jawaharlal Nehru memorial prize for best  research publication, issued Institution of   Engineers on the occasion of Inauguration 27 th Indian Engineering Congress at New Delhi in the year 2012 and "Bharat Vidya Shiromani Award" and a "Certificate of Education Excellence" for Outstanding Achievements in the field of Education given by International Institute of Education & management on 22 nd December 2014 at New Delhi & Glory of Education of Excellence Award is issued by   IIEM on 4 th March 2015 at New Delhi.  Dr. S. Sreenatha Reddy received award as Best Academic Administrator from Centre for Advanced Research and Design under Venus  International Foundation on 5 th July 1972. Dr. S. Sreenatha Reddy is well known internationally for his outstanding research in .Mechanical Engineering. He has also proposed a model using first principles of Thermodynamics to predict the complex Diesel Engine. In particular, he has made important contributions to the analysis and design of Internal Combustion Engine. In his work, Dr. S. Sreenatha Reddy combines modern process modeling concepts with advanced experimental techniques. He has also developed new technologies like Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and Magnetic Fuel Conditioning system for reducing harm emissions. It promotes the exchange and mutual enrichment of knowledge in international dialogue via conferences, like the Frontiers of Research Symposia and other meetings.  Dr. S. Sreenatha Reddy Earlier worked as Principal, Head of both the Aeronautical & Mechanical department, coordinating R&D cell for Mechanical Research and Development Board (MRDB) & Aeronautical Research and Development Board (ARDB) projects, TPO, NSS Coordinator, developing courseware and implementing ISO 2001 and NBA Accreditation. Dr. S.SREENATHA REDDY published 79 International & National reputed Journals & 12 International & National Conference papers. Dr. S.SREENATHA REDDY is a member of  governing body in prestigious institution of GNIT. He also served as Expert Committee Member of AICTE for scrutinizing project reports internally as well as  the member in the Board of Reviewers for the Institution of Engineers journal. Also He is a Editorial Board Member of International Journal of Sciences and Engineering Technology. He is the member fellow of as many professional bodies in the field of Mechanical Engineering and Technical Education. Prof. S.Madan Mohan received his Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering from JNTUCE Hyderabad in 1998. In 2001 he received his Master's Degree in Structural Engineering from University College of Engineering Osmania University, Hyderabad. He joined Gurunanak Institute of Technology as a faculty where he is a Professor and Head of the Civil Engineering Department with a total experience of 17 years in field of Research, Designing and education. He is guiding M.tech Thesis work in field of Civil/ Structural Engineering. He has papers published in National Conferences and International Journals. Associate Prof. M.Vasudeva Naidu was born in 1978 in Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh. He received his Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering from Nagarjuna Universityin 2001. In 2003 he received his Master's Degree in Structural Engineering from RGPVV, Madhya Pradesh. He joined in Gurunanak Institute of Technology as a faculty where he is an Associate Professor of Civil Engineering Department with a total experience of 10 years in field of Research, Designing and education. He is guiding M.tech Thesis work in field of Structural Engineering.   

FUEL AND ENERGY EFFICIENT MULTI-STAGE PARKING STRUCTURE FOR OPTIMUM SPACE

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FUEL AND ENERGY EFFICIENT MULTI-STAGE PARKING STRUCTURE FOR OPTIMUM SPACE

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