This minireview discusses diagnostic issues of mesothelioma by immunohistochemical markers.A large number of immunohistochemical markers for distinction between pleural mesothelioma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma has been reported to date.Ordóñez, N.G. described that calretinin, cytokeratin 5/6 and WT-1 are the best positive markers, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MOC-31 and Ber-EP 4 are the best negative markers for mesothelioma, and recommended the selection of two positive and two negative markers.We evaluated the significance of calretinin, cytokeratin 5/6, mesothelin,CEA, MOC-31 and new marker D 2-40 in 19 mesotheliomas and 19 lung adenocarcinomas.We concluded that calretinin, cytokeratin 5/6,D 2-40 and CEA are the most stable immunohistochemical markers for diagnosis of mesothelioma