Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare & LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) e o ?leo de neem
(Azadirachta indica), s?o alternativas promissoras para o controle de lepid?pteros
desfolhadores. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a seletividade do ?leo de neem sobre P.
elaeisis em tr?s gera??es consecutivas, por meio de avalia??es de toxicidade aguda e cr?nica,
em compara??o ? dose comercial do inseticida deltametrina. O experimento foi conduzido em
delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os insetos foram expostos ?s concentra??es de 0;
0,187; 0,375; 0,750; 1,5; 3,0 e 6,0% do ?leo de neem. Para determina??o da rela??o dose-resposta e estimativa da CL50 do neem, f?meas de P. elaeisis foram colocadas em frascos tipo
penicilina com o interior completamente coberto pelas solu??es de neem, com 04 repeti??es
para cada tratamento. Ap?s 48h de exposi??o realizou-se a avalia??o do efeito agudo com a
contagem do n?mero de indiv?duos mortos e vivos. Para avalia??o dos efeitos subletais na
biologia de P. elaeisis nas gera??es parental, F1, F2 e F3, al?m das concentra??es do neem,
utilizou-se a dose de 33,3 mg/L de deltametrina, com 10 repeti??es para cada tratamento.
Pupas de Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) foram expostas aos
tratamentos pelo m?todo de imers?o. Parasitismo, longevidade, emerg?ncia, raz?o sexual,
morfometria e per?odo ovo-adulto das gera??es foram avaliados. A mortalidade de P. elaeisis
aumentou com o incremento das concentra??es do ?leo de neem, e a CL50 foi estimada na
concentra??o de 0,3916%. O parasitismo das f?meas parentais foi de 0% em pupas tratadas
com a dose comercial de deltametrina e concentra??es de 3,0 e 6,0% do ?leo de neem,
inviabilizando a emerg?ncia da gera??o F1 nesses tratamentos. A sobreviv?ncia de P. elaeisis
foi afetada pelas concentra??es de neem e deltametrina at? a segunda gera??o. A longevidade
dos parentais foi menor na dose comercial de deltametrina e concentra??o de 6,0% do neem.
O n?mero de parasitoides emergidos por pupa foi reduzido nas concentra??es de 0,187 a 1,5%
do neem na gera??o F1, e na gera??o F2 pela concentra??o de 1,5%. A raz?o sexual foi acima
de 80% em todos os tratamentos de todas as gera??es. A morfometria das f?meas da gera??o
F1 foi menor em pupas da testemunha. O per?odo ovo-adulto foi maior nas concentra??es de
0,187 a 1,5% do neem na gera??o F1. O ?leo de neem utilizado nesse estudo n?o ? seletivo
para o parasitoide P. elaeisis devido aos efeitos letais em f?meas adultas e subletais
observados na gera??o parental, F1 e F2.Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM)Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2019.Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare & LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and neem oil (Azadirachta indica) are promising alternatives for the control of lepidopteran defoliants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the selectivity of neem oil on P. elaeisis in three consecutive generations, through acute and chronic toxicity evaluations, in comparison to the commercial dose of the insecticide deltamethrin. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. The insects were exposed to concentrations of 0; 0.187; 0.375; 0.750; 1.5; 3.0 and 6.0% of neem oil. To determine the dose-response relationship and neem LC50 estimation, females of P. elaeisis were placed in penicillin-type bottles with the interior completely covered by the neem solutions, with 04 replicates for each treatment. After 48 hours of exposure, the acute effect was evaluated by counting the number of dead and alive individuals. In order to evaluate the sublethal effects in the biology of P. elaeisis in the parental, F1, F2 and F3 generations, in addition to neem concentrations, the 33.3 mg/L deltamethrin dose was used, with 10 replicates for each treatment. Pupae of Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) were exposed to treatments by the immersion method. Parasitism, longevity, emergency, sexual ratio, morphometry and egg-adult period of the generations were evaluated. The mortality of P. elaeisis increased with increasing concentrations of neem oil, and the LC50 was estimated at the concentration of 0.3916%. The parasitism of the parental females was 0% in pupae treated with the commercial dose of deltamethrin and concentrations of 3.0 and 6.0% of neem oil, making the emergence of the F1 generation in these treatments impossible. The survival of P. elaeisis was affected by the concentrations of neem and deltamethrin until the second generation. Parental longevity was lower in the commercial dose of deltamethrin and 6.0% concentration of neem. The number of parasitoids emerged per pupa was reduced in the concentrations of 0.187 to 1.5% of the neem in the F1 generation, and in the F2 generation by the concentration of 1.5%. The sex ratio was above 80% in all treatments of all generations. Morphometry of F1 females was lower in control pupae. The egg-adult period was higher at concentrations of 0.187 to 1.5% of neem in F1 generation. The neem oil used in this study is not selective for P. elaeisis parasitoid due to the lethal effects in adult and sublethal females observed in parental, F1 and F2 generation
