Bessa, Iury

Cordeiro, Lucas

de Lima Filho, Eddie B.

Dependency on correct operation of embedded systems is rapidly growing, mainly due to their wide range of applications, such as micro-grids, automotive device control, health care, surveillance, mobile devices, telecommunications, internet of things, and consumer electronics. Their structures are becoming more and more complex and currently require multi-core processors with scalable shared memory, signal-processing pipelines, and sophisticated software modules, in order to meet increasing computational power, flexibility demands, and also to adapt to new scenarios and behaviors. Additionally, interaction with realworld entities and addition of modern communication capabilities further enhance the mentioned features and give rise to a new system class: embedded and cyber-physical systems (ECPS). As a consequence, reliability of ECPS becomes a key issue during system development, which must be carefully addressed and assured. Generally, state-of-the-art verification methodologies for ECPS generate test vectors (with constraints) and use assertion-based verification and high-level processor models, during simulation; however, new challenges arose, such as need for meeting time and energy constraints, handling concurrent software, dealing with platform restrictions, evaluating implementation-structure choices, validating operation logic, ensuring correct system behavior together with physical plants, providing compliance with target systems, incorporating knowledge about new problems and conditions, and supporting new software architectures and legacy designs, which now have to be tackled. This survey deals with the mentioned issues, reviews related literature, and discusses recent advances on symbolic model checking techniques and their applications to control synthesis. Additionally, challenges, problems, and recent advances to ensure correctness and timeliness, regarding ECPS, are discussed. Reliability issues, when developing ECPS, are then considered, as a prominent verification and synthesis application for achieving correct-by-construction systems

A Survey on Automated Symbolic Verification and its Application for Synthesizing Cyber-Physical Systems

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