Hangs, R.D.

Schoenau, J.J.

English

University of Saskatchewan Research Archive

The Effect Of Zinc Fertilizer Rates, Forms, And Application MethodOn Field Pea Growth In A Range Of Prairie SoilsRyan Hangs and Jeff SchoenauDepartment of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKMATERIALS & METHODS• A three-factor (soil type, Zn and residual Cu fertilizers) factorial experimentwas arranged in a completely randomized design, with four replicates.• Fifteen soils (12 mineral and 3 organic) were collected from Alberta,Saskatchewan, and Manitoba; representing the diversity of arable soiltypes in the prairies, along with varying initial available soil Zn levels.• Field pea (Pisum sativum; CDC Sage) was seeded and grown to maturity.• Eight fertilizer treatments: unfertilized Control; two foliar applications of0.25 kg Zn/ha (either ZnSO4 or chelated-Zn; applied at flowering); twobanded applications of either ZnSO4 or chelated-Zn (rates of 2.5 and 0.5 kgZn/ha, respectively); residual banded CuSO4 and chelated-Cu (5 and 1 kgCu/ha, respectively); and banded ZnSO4 + residual banded CuSO4.• Fertilizer N, P, K, and S applied to all pots to prevent any deficiencies.• Measurement variables: pea yield (grain and straw), tissue Znconcentration and uptake (grain and straw).OBJECTIVE• Examine the effect of different rates, forms, and application methods of Znfertilizer on the yield and Zn uptake of field pea grown in a variety of prairiesoils, with and without residual soil Cu fertilizer from a prior wheat crop.• Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient for many plant metabolic components:enzymes, proteins, chlorophyll, growth hormones, and cell membranes.• Cream-coloured necrosis on pea leaf margins indicates a Zn deficiency.• Sometimes Zn is applied to pulse crops within a rotation in westernCanada, however, little is known regarding the possible interaction ofdifferent soil applied Zn fertilizers with other micronutrients, such asbanded copper (Cu) for a previous cereal crop.INTRODUCTIONCONCLUSION• With the exception of an organic soil, the Zn fertilizer treatments hadlimited effects on pea yield, due to adequate soil Zn fertility. Observedbeneficial effects of Cu applied for wheat the previous year, coupled with anegative interaction between Cu and Zn, merit further investigation.• We are grateful to Western Grains Research Foundation and AAFC Growing Forward 2 AIP program for the funding. Many thanks for the logistical support provided by S. Anderson,J. Anderson, J. Babisky, B. Barlow, D. Cubbon, L. Cowell, R. de Freitas, C. Doelger, P. Dmytrew, C. Fatteicher, N. Flore, S. Froese, K. Gudkova, E. Hammermeister, R. and R. Hangs, N.Howse, M. Jaster, R. Kar, R. Karamanos, T. King, G. Kruger, K. Morey, L. Schoenau, M. St. Arnaud, C. Stevenson, B. Swerhone, R. Thomson, G. Topham, R. Usick, and J. Wiens.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS•RESULTS & DISCUSSION• The average extractable Zn level of the soils used was above the criticallevel (1.5 and 0.5 mg Zn/kg, respectively); consistent with the lack of peagrowth response (any yield component) to added Zn fertilizers observedwith the mineral soils (Fig. 1a) and two organic soils (data not shown).• However, for one organic soil (Thomson 1), banded Zn (sulfate or chelated)and foliar chelated-Zn fertilizers did increase grain yield (Fig. 1b);explained by a lower extractable Zn amount and greater carbonate content.• Interestingly, residual Cu fertilizer (sulfate or chelated) from the previouswheat crop increased pea grain yield on the mineral soils and one organicsoil (Figs. 1a and b). Pea is tolerant of low soil Cu levels, but this could berelated to the fungicidal properties of Cu to suppress root disease.• Although the residual CuSO4 did not affect ZnSO4 recovery, the peasgrowing with residual CuSO4 + ZnSO4 in mineral soil had less biomasscompared to ZnSO4 alone. Negative Cu-Zn interactions were also reportedin wheat under low P conditions (Rahman, 2017; Soils & Crops Poster).• Soil banded Zn fertilizer was generally more effective at increasing the Znconcentration of pea grain and straw compared to foliar applied Zn (Figs.1c and d), but rates of soil applied Zn were greater than foliar application.• The Zn fertilizer recovery by pea ranged from 2-62% (Fig. 2), with greaterrecovery in foliar applications vs. soil banding; due to lower rates and lackof fixation by soil components. Greater recoveries of banded chelated vs.sulfate forms, primarily reflect differences in rates and fixation potential.Figure 2. Mean (n = 4) percent zinc fertilizer recovery in above-ground yield components of field peawhen grown to maturity in 12 mineral and 3 organic soils within a greenhouse. See Fig. 1caption for treatment details. For each component, bars with the same letter are notsignificantly different (P >0.05) using LSD.Figure 1. Mean (n = 4) field pea yield and tissue zinc (Zn) concentration in above-ground yieldcomponents, with and without the addition of Zn fertilizer and residual copper (Cu) fertilizerfrom the previous year, when grown to maturity in 12 mineral soils and 3 organic soilswithin a greenhouse. The Zn and Cu fertilizer treatments consisted of either banded ZnSO4,CuSO4, and chelated-Zn and Cu (0.5 to 5 kg/ha, depending on form and soil type) or foliarapplications of ZnSO4 or chelated-Zn (0.25 kg Zn/ha; applied at flowering stage). For eachcomponent, bars with the same letter are not significantly different (P >0.05) using LSD.a bc d

The effect of zinc fertilizer rates, forms, and application method on field pea growth in a range of prairie soils

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The effect of zinc fertilizer rates, forms, and application method on field pea growth in a range of prairie soils

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