Leach, D.

Malhi, S.S.

Schoenau, J.J.

English

eCommons@USASK

Comparative seed yield response of oilseed, cereal, and pulse crops to sulphate-S fertilizer on S-deficient soils in northeastern Saskatchewan

University of Saskatchewan Research Archive

 Comparative Seed Yield Response of Oilseed, Cereal and Pulse Crops to Sulphate-S Fertilizer on S-Deficient Soils in Northeastern Saskatchewan  S. S. Malhi1, J. J. Schoenau2 and D. Leach1   1Agriculture and Agri-food Canada, Research Farm, P.O. Box 1240,  Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada S0E 1A0 2Department Of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan,  Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada  BACKGROUND  • In the Prairie Provinces, there are approximately 4 M ha of agricultural land deficient in plant-available S (most of the S-deficient soils are in the Parkland region) and more soils are likely to experience S limitations for optimum crop yield in the future. • Texture, organic matter content and soil-climatic zone, along with soil supplies of available sulphate affect the crop response to S fertilization. Highly leached, sandy soils of low organic matter are especially prone to S deficiency. • Because of high S requirements, canola is more prone to S deficiency than cereals. • Cereals and pulses have lower S requirement than canola.  • There is limited field research information on the relative response of different crop species to S fertilization in the Parkland region.   OBJECTIVE  • To compare the relative response of canola, wheat, oat and pea to S fertilization in S-deficient soils, so as to optimize seed yield and economic benefits.   MATERIALS AND METHODS  • Results from various field experiments related to seed yield response of canola, wheat, oat and pea to S fertilization are summarized in this poster. • All field experiments were conducted on S-deficient Gray Luvisol (Boralfs) soils in northeastern Saskatchewan, Canada.  • A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used to arrange plots in four replications.  • The source of S fertilizer used was ammonium sulphate or potassium sulphate.  • All plots in experiments received a blanket application of N, P and K fertilizers.  • All fertilizers were applied in spring prior to or at seeding.  • Data were recorded on seed yield, total S concentration, S uptake in seed and straw, and protein and oil concentration in seed.   SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION  • For canola, there was a substantial response of seed yield and S uptake to S fertilization in all years.  • There was a reduction in seed yield, and S and N uptake of canola when N at high rates was applied in the absence of S fertilizer.  • For wheat, the response of seed yield and S uptake to S fertilization was smaller and less frequent than canola. •  For oat, there was a significant increase in seed yield from S fertilizer at one site, but little increase at the other S-deficient site.  • For pea, there was little or no increase in seed yield from S fertilizer. • In conclusion, canola was much more responsive to S fertilization than wheat, oat or pea, which indicated the need for different fertilizer S rates for each crop species.  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS  • The authors thank PPIC, WESTCO and Agrium for financial assistance, and K. Fidyk and K. Hemstad-Falk for technical help; and Ralph Underwood for printing the poster.       Figure 1. Seed yield of canola and wheat with sulphate-S fertilizer application (kg S ha-1) on a soil of low available sulphate content at Tisdale in northeastern Saskatchewan.        Figure 2. Uptake of S in canola and wheat seed with sulphate-S fertilizer application (kg S ha-1) on a soil of low available sulphate content at Tisdale in northeastern Saskatchewan.    02004006008001000120014001999 2000 2001 2002Canola seed yield (kg ha-1)0 S 10 S 20 S050010001500200025003000350040001999 2000 2001 2002Wheat seed yield (kg ha-1)0 S 10 S 20 S012345671999 2000 2001 2002Canola seed S uptake (kg s ha-1)0 S 10 S 20 S012345671999 2000 2001 2002Wheat seed S uptake (kg S ha-1)0 S 10 S 20 S  Figure 3. Seed yield of canola and oat with sulphate-S fertilizer application (along with 120 kg N ha-1 for canola in 1998 and 90 kg N ha-1 for oat in 2002) on a soil of low available sulphate content in 2005 near Star City in northeastern Saskatchewan.        Figure 4. Seed yield of canola and oat with sulphate-S fertilizer application (along with 100 kg N ha-1) on a soil of low available sulphate content in 2005 at Star City in northeastern Saskatchewan.     050010001500200025003000350040000 30 0 40Canola OatS Rate (kg S ha-1)Seed yield (kg ha-1)01 0 0 02 0 0 03 0 0 04 0 0 05 0 0 06 0 0 00 1 0 2 0 3 0 0 7 .5 1 5 2 2 .5C a no la O a tS  R a te  (kg  S  ha-1)Seed yield (kg ha-1)    Figure 5. Seed yield of canola and pea with sulphate-S fertilizer application (along with 120 kg N ha-1 for canola and 0 kg N ha-1 for pea) on a soil of low available sulphate content near Porcupine Plain in northeastern Saskatchewan.        Figure 6. Seed yield of canola and pea with sulphate-S fertilizer application (along with 120 kg N ha-1 for canola and 0 kg N ha-1 for pea) on a soil of low available sulphate content near Tisdale in northeastern Saskatchewan.    025050075010001250150017502000225025001 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9C a no la P e aSeed Yield (kg ha-1)0 3 0S R ate (kg S ha -1 )02505007501000125015001750200022501999 2000 1999 2000C an ola P eaSeed yield (kg ha-1)0 3 0S  R a t e  (k g  S  h a- 1)

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Comparative seed yield response of oilseed, cereal, and pulse crops to sulphate-S fertilizer on S-deficient soils in northeastern Saskatchewan

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