University of Zagreb. Faculty of Agriculture. Department of Chemistry.
Abstract
Rajčica je zeljasta jednogodišnja biljka. Sastoji se od 93 do 95 % vode, 5 do 7 % suhe tvari, organskih kiselina (limunske i jabučne), šećera (glukoze, fruktoze i saharoze), tvari netopljivih u alkoholu (proteini, celuloza, pektin, polisaharidi), karotenoida i lipida. Cilj ovog rada bio je testiranje učinkovitosti primjene mikrokapsula na bazi alginata sa simultano inkapsuliranim ionima bakra (Cu2+) ili kalcija (Ca2+) i spora gljive Trichoderma viride, na prinos i kvalitetu rajčice uzgojene u tlu u zaštićenom negrijanom plasteniku. Tijekom višekratne berbe utvrđen je broj tržnih i netržnih plodova, masa tržnih i netržnih plodova, prinos i kvalitativna svojstva. Kemijskom analizom utvrđen je udio karotenoida, ukupnih polifenola te antioksidacijska aktivnost plodova. Rezultati su pokazali pozitivan utjecaj mikrokapsula na rajčicu. Izdvojiti posebno neki tretman kod rajčice je teško jer uz genetiku svake sorte rajčice, svaki tretman je pokazao svoj rezultat. Tretman mikrokapsula s Cu2+ je u prosjeku davao najbolje rezultate u smislu morfoloških karakteristika. Tretmani mikrokapsula s kalcijevim ionima imali su pozitivan utjecaj na sadržaj likopena.Tomato is a herbaceous one-year plant. It consists of 93-95% water, 5-7% dry matter, organic acids (lemon and apple), sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose), alcohol-insoluble substances (proteins, cellulose, pectin, polysaccharides), carotenoids and lipids. The aim of this paper was to test the efficacy of microcapsules based on biopolymer alginate with simultaneously encapsulated copper (Cu2 +) or calcium (Ca2 +) and Trichoderma viride fungus spores on the yield and quality of tomatoes grown in soil in protected nonheated greenhouses. During the multiple harvests, the number of marketable and non-marketable fruits, the mass of marketable and non-marketable fruits, yield and qualitative properties was established. Chemical analysis showed the proportion of carotenoids, total polyphenols, and antioxidant activity of fruits. The results showed a positive influence on the tomatoes treated with microcapsules. To distinguish a particular tomato treatment is difficult because, with the genetics of each tomato variety, each treatment showed relatively different results. Treatment with microcapsules with Cu2 + gave the best results in terms of morphological characteristics. Microcapsules loaded with Ca2+ had a positive effect on lycopene content
