Gonographis adisi (Pyrgodesmidae, Diplopoda) is newly described from a blackwater inundation forest near Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. The species is able to survive submersion of up to eleven months

Hoffman, R.

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AMAZONIANA IX 2 243 - 246 Kiel, Juni 1985A new millipede of the genus Gonogrøphis from an inundation forestnear Manaus, Brazil (Pyrgodesmidae)8byRichard L. HoffmanProf. Dr. Richard L. Hoffman, Radford University, Radford, Virginia 24L42, U.S.A.(accepted for publication: May I 985)AbstuactGonographis ødl:si (Pyrgodesmidae, Diplopoda) is newly described f¡om a blackwater inundationforest near Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. The species is able to survive subme¡sion of up to eleven months.Keywords : millipede, Diplopoda, Neotropics, inundation, Brazil.ResumoGonographis ødisi (Pyrgodesmidae, Diplopoda), proveniente da floresta inundada, por agua pteta,perto de Manaus, é descrita. A espécie 6 capaz de sobreviver até onze meses de submersão.* Research supported by grant DEB 77-t347I from the National Science Foundation, Washington,D. C., U.S.A.0065-6755 / 1985 / 243 I @ MPI für Limnologie, AG Tropenökologie, Plön;INPA, Manaus243Among the Diplopoda collected by Dr. Joachim Adis during his ongoing studies of arthropods ofanlgap6 forest along the Rio Tarumâ Mirím neat Manaus (ADIS 1984) and submitted to me for identifi-cation are several species of the edaphobitic family Pyrgodesmidae. One of these is of special interestowing to its ability to survive prolonged submersion (up to 11 months), and forms the subject of a paperby Dr. Adis now in press (ADIS 1985).Insofar as I can ascertain, this species âppears to be an undescribed member ofthe so-far mono-typic genus Gonographis (SCHUBART 1945). It may be stressed, however, that knowledge of the largeand multiformous family Pyrgodesmidae is still in its infancy and the classification adopted here is sub-ject to later modification.PyrgodesmidaeGenns Go nograPl¡¡s SCHUBARTGonographis SCHUBART, 1945, Arq. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, vol. 38, p. 86.Type species: G. hastata SCHUBART, by monotypy,Diagnosis: Male and female with 20 segments. Ozopores on short, inconspicuous porosteles onsegments 5, 7 , 9, 1,0, 12, 13, l5 - 16, and fiush on paranotal surface on segments 17 - 19. Collum withten marginal lobes. Surface of head uniform, no elevated or darkly-pigmented epictanial region. Tergalo¡namentation (see HOFFMAN 1976 for nomenclature) with the usual PM and DL series of tubercles,but these not hypertrophied nor coalesced, 3rd PMs of segment 19 prolonged over base of epiproct inone species, not so in the second; five pairs of mds, int. in a single series on each side. LPs not thickenednor margined, LP 3 mostly displaced by porosteles on poriferous segments. Legs of male not modified.Coxae ofgonopods globosely enlarged, their surface finely granulate and sparsely setose. Tele-podite with transverse, densely setose prefemur; majorbranch of acropodite a thin, laminate blade withrounded apex, a prominent, laterally-curved rraphium on anteríor (oral) side at base and slender laminate-acicular solenomerite on posterior (aboral).Distribution: The two members of'this genus are known from the vicinity of Manaus (G. ødisi),and from Rio de Janeiro and the interior of São Paulo (Pirassununga) (G. høstata), the latter perhapssynanthropic.Gonographis adisÍ, new species@igures I - 3)Material: Brasil: Edo. Amazonas: Igapó of Rio Tarumã Mirím, ca. 20 km northwest of Manaus,affluent of Rio Negro, d holotype and Ç paratype, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA),Manaus, collected 27 Match 1984, Joachim Adis leg. Additional topoparatypes ín Museu de Zoologia,Universidade de São Paulo and United States National Museum, Washington, D. C. (each I d, 1 ç).Holotype: Adult male, length ca. 6.8 mm, Coloration dorsally dilute testaceous yellow, ventrallyshading into white.Head opisthognathous, distinctly flattened, epicranium with four indistinct posteriorly divergentridges, the lateralmost two forming with the elevated genae a kind ofgtoove into whích the basal thrceartennomeres are accomodated. Antennae geniculate between articles 3 anci 4, 6th article by far thelargest.Collum subhemispherical, with ten marginal lobes, eaclt slightly elevated distally; tlisk with síxlarge conical tubercles in an irregular transverse median row, and four similar tubcrcles in a marginalposterior row. Surface irregularly ornamentecl with small granular tubercles.Surface of prozona and ventral parts of metazona densely microgranulate. Appearance of meta-terga as describecl under generic diagnosis and illustrated in fig. 1. Tubercles of series PM and DL largest,rather acutely conical, most prominent on ânterior segments. Porosteles cylindrical with apex slightlyflared.244IEpiproct entirely exposed in dorsal aspect, series PM represented chiefly by a low short ridge andwhatappearstobePM3; seriesDLpresentinmarginalposition,notuberclesenlargedandapexofseg-ment thus completely visible in dorsal aspect.Legs unmodified, tarsus distinctly n¿urower than tibia.Gonopods large, of the form described in the generic diagnosis and illustrated in figs. 2 and 3.Paratype: Adult female, length ca. 8.0 mm. Similar to male in coloration and details of tergalsculpture, except tubercles somewhat less prominent and acute. Sterna a little wide¡ than in male, andparanota relatively smaller.Remarks: G. adisi agrees rather closely with the type species G. høstataingonopod structure,but differs in details oi telepodite form such as the much broader prefemoral process and the largerecurved apical spine. A major difference in external form is the enlarged condition of PM 3 of segment19 in G. høstøta which projects caudally enough to mostly conceal the epiproct.G. hastata was fi¡st discovered in Tijuca, Distrito Federai, and later in cultivated areas aroundPirassununga, S. P. SCHUBART (1944) considered it to be probably synanthropic. It would be inte¡-esting to test this species for any innate ability to resist submersion.Although Gonographis and G hastatø are first published as new taxa in 1945, the names appearedone year earlier (August 1944) in a study of the diplopods of Pirassununga.ReferencesADIS, J. (1984): "Seasonal Igapó"-Forests ofCentral Amazonian Black-Water Rivers and their terrestrialArthropod Fauna.- In: sIoLI, H. (ed.): The Amazon - I.imnology and landscape ecology of amighty tropical river and its basin: 245 - 268, Monographiae Biologicae, Junk, Dodrecht.ADIS, J. (1985): An "aquatic" millipede from a Cent¡al Amazonian inundation forest.- Nature (in press).HOFFMAN, R. L. (1976): A new lophodesmid millipede from a Guatemalan cave, with notes on relatedforms (Polydesmida: Pyrgodesmidae).- Rev. Suisse Zool. 83: 307 - 316, figs. I - 12.SCHUBART,O.(1944): OsDiplopodosdePirassununga.-ActaZool.Lilloana2:321 -440,hgs. l-g5.SCHUBART, O' (1945): Os Proterospermophora do Distrito Federal.- Arq. Mus. Nac. 38: I - 156, figs.1 - t3B.24sI(¡\I2 /' r)3Fig. 1 - 3:Gonogtaphís¿disi spec. nov.1: Segments 10 and 11, dorsal aspect, showing location of porosteies, texture of prozonå, andarrangement of tubercles. 2: Left gonopod, oral (anterior) aspect. 3: Left gonopod, aboral (posterior)aspect. - Drawings from male panlype.joooe clllr t)T¡246

A new millipede of the genus Gonographis from an inundation forest near Manaus, Brazil (Pyrgodesmidae)

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