The present paper is the ninth contribution in a series of reports on the winter bird life in a section of the Upper Missouri Valley, with particular emphasis on the area contiguous to Sioux City, Iowa. The area includes parts of three state (Iowa, South Dakota, and Nebraska). The time covered by the nine reports is now thirty years. As in earlier papers the annual period covered is from November 1 to March 1-four months. But in a few cases we have included interesting records just outside of these limits. The area included is not well defined, for we have accepted records as they have come, without being restrained by an arbitrary boundary
