This paper aimed at considering the background why the researches on unwillingness to attend school have come to get attention. The past researches in this field were also reviewed. Because the number of school refusal students has been increase, the study of unwillingness to attend school has become more attention. The past researches have found some factors that affect unwillingness to attend school and some characteristics of these children. And, researchers have regarded unwillingness to attend school as sign of school refusal. Implications for further research were suggested as follows: (1) Unwillingness to attend school is not necessarily the indication of malajustment at adolescence. Unwillingness to attend school is followed by development in this period. Moreover, feeling at nonattendance can be useful of understanding the meaning of unwillingness to attend school at adolescence. (2) It is necessary to investigate theoretically and practically how school environment should be in which adolescences can develop satisfactory. Kawai's and Winnicott's theories are useful to understanding them. (3) Case study method is useful to investigate unwillingness to attend school
