Efecto de la inoculación con bacterias rizosféricas en dos variedades de trigo. Fase I: condiciones controladas

Abstract

The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse so that the inoculation, both simple and combined (with the rhizospheric bacteria- Sinorhizobium and Azospirllium), en two varieties of Wheat. Materials and methodologies were used in accordance with previously prescribed conventional methodologies for this study. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 4 replicas and 10 treatments. A statistical analysis using two-way variance was done. Fertilized treatment was applied with NH4NO3 (150 ppm/kg soil). The content of chlorophyll foliage was evaluated, dry air weight, dry root weight, length of stem, and germination. In the event that differences appeared, it was determined through use of the Duncan Test, and the differences between varieties with t-Student. It is concluded that combined inoculation with the strain A2 (Sinorhizobium meliloti) and the strain N7 (Azospirillum zeae) had the greatest positive influence on the chlorophyll content of the plants. On the other hand, there was a great difference between the two varieties of wheat in terms of length of stem, dry air weight, and dry root weight. The results of dry air weight and dry root weight, upon combining the two factors that were studied, highly depended on the varietal characteristics of the plant and on the native population of rhizobacteria. The germination of the plants was not linked to any of the applied factors in the experiment.Se llevo a cabo un experimento bajo condiciones controladas para determinar la respuesta de dos variedades de trigo a la inoculacion simple y combinada realizada con Sinorhizobium y Azospirillum. Se utilizo una cepa de A. zeae, y dos cepas pertenecientes a S. meliloti. Los materiales y metodos aplicados correspondieron a lo descrito en las metodologias prestablecidas en este campo de estudio. Diseno experimental: completamente aleatorizado, con 20 tratamientos y 4 replicas. No se utilizo tratamiento fertilizado. Se evaluaron diferentes variables agronomicas, relacionadas con la arquitectura radical y la biomasa aerea. Analisis de varianza bifactorial. En caso de aparecer diferencias, se aplico analisis de varianza de un factor a la interaccion en primera instancia, o a los factores probados. Diferencias entre medias por LSD de Fisher. Se transformaron datos de conteo de digitos por �ãx. Se calculo correlacion y regresion multiple entre variables. Se concluye que la inoculacion combinada de Sinorhizobium con Azospirillum, asi como la inoculacion simple con Sinorhizobium, resultaron de alta importancia en las alternativas de inoculacion que se realizaron en el experimento. Existio una alta diferenciacion entre las dos variedades de trigo en determinadas variables agronomicas, lo que indica una influencia marcada de las caracteristicas varietales de las plantas. Se observó una fuerte relación estadística entre las variables peso seco aéreo y variables de la raíz para los tratamientos inoculados con A2 y A2+N7, respectivamente