Comparación de indicadores de producción lechera en Cerdas Creole y large white en un medio tropical húmedo: primeros resultados

Abstract

A total of one hundred and twenty seven lactations were used to study the effect of genotype (Creole vs Large White) on lactating performance. This experiment was conducted in Guadeloupe (F.W.I., 16° Lat. N., 61° Long. W) between June 2001 and April 2003. Over a 28-d lactation length, average daily feed intake was significantly lower (p<0.01) in Creole (CR) than in Large White (LW) sows when it was expressed in kilograms or in grams per kilogram of metabolic body weight (3.1 vs 4.3 kg/d and 73 vs 80 g/d/ kg0.75). After farrowing, first parity CR sows were 26 kg lighter compared to primiparous LW sows. This difference was accentuated in multiparous sows (i.e., -95 kg). On average, body weight (BW) loss during lactation was not affected by the genotype. However, the backfat thickness loss was significantly higher (p<0.001) in CR than in LW sows (16 vs 30 mm). Litter size at birth and at weaning were significantly reduced (p<0.01) in CR than in LW sows (8.7 vs 10.3 and 7.7 vs 9.1, respectively). The piglet BW gain and mean BW at weaning were significantly lower (p< 0.01) in CR compared to LW sows (190 vs 208 g/d, and 6.35 vs 7.06 kg respectively). Daily feed intake pattern during lactation differed between LW and CR sows. CR daily feed intake increased constantly whereas LW daily consumption increased rapidly during the 1st wk and remained around 4.8 kg over the last 3 wk of lactation. In conclusion, LW sows have better lactating performance than CR sows