Bekaert, David

Buzzanga, Brett

Hamlington, Ben

Jones, Cathleen

Murray, John

English

Old Dominion University

Old Dominion UniversityODU Digital CommonsOctober 13, 2017: New and Updated Science andProjectsHampton Roads Sea Level Rise/FloodingAdaptation Forum2017Subsidence Monitoring in Hampton Roads UsingInSARBen HamlingtonOld Dominion UniversityDavid BekaertOld Dominion UniversityCathleen JonesOld Dominion UniversityBrett BuzzangaOld Dominion UniversityJohn MurrayOld Dominion UniversityFollow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/hraforum_18This Presentation is brought to you for free and open access by the Hampton Roads Sea Level Rise/Flooding Adaptation Forum at ODU DigitalCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in October 13, 2017: New and Updated Science and Projects by an authorized administrator of ODUDigital Commons. For more information, please contact digitalcommons@odu.edu.Repository CitationHamlington, Ben; Bekaert, David; Jones, Cathleen; Buzzanga, Brett; and Murray, John, "Subsidence Monitoring in Hampton RoadsUsing InSAR" (2017). October 13, 2017: New and Updated Science and Projects. 4.https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/hraforum_18/4Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographySubsidence	Monitoring	in	Hampton	Roads	Using	InSARBen	Hamlington,	David	Bekaert,	Cathleen	Jones,	Brett	Buzzanga,	John	MurrayOld	Dominion	UniversityCommonwealth	Center	for	Recurrent	Flooding	Resiliency	(CCRFR)NASA	Jet	Propulsion	LaboratoryNASA	Langley	Research	Center' Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographyWhat is SAR/InSAR?.. .. ' ,.. • ••• •••••+ ••••• .... ·m o 0 . .. ·· ··········· ..... tim o + At 2 d cqu,sttion INTERFEROMETRY A h· C-band = 5.66 cm] X-band = 3.10 (cm) L-band = 24.00 [cm Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographyWhat do we need to measure the rate of subsidence?• To get accurate satellite-derived measurements of long-term subsidence in the region, we need:– A long record– Good sampling within that record (many acquisitions)– In situ measurements (GPS) for calibration and ground-truthing/validation, converting from relative to absolute land motion.– Ability to correct for sources of error (atmosphere typically biggest source of error).' Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographyPreliminary InSAR Analysis• As a starting point, we have performed a preliminary InSAR analysis for the region.– Goals: • Analyze available (free) historical SAR data with state-of-the-art InSARtechniques to compute an initial subsidence rate map.• Understand the uncertainties associated with performing the analysis of our region. • Establish a system that provide ongoing subsidence monitoring in the region.• Using ISCE and StaMPS, we have analyzed two scenes over Hampton Roads using ALOS-1 data from 2007-2011.– InSAR provides relative rates – we have gone one step further to compute absolute rates by tying into the available GPS data in the region.' Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical Oceanography' Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographyName East Vel. North Vel. Vert. Vel. U ncert. Vert. Vel Time Period Used as (mm/yr) (mm/yr) (mm/yr) (mm/yr) Ref. LOYX -0.4 0.01 -1.89 0.93 20090509 Yes -20170408 VAGP -0.4 0.01 -2.24 1.21 20071001 Yes -20160419 LOYl -0.22 0.06 -2.42 1.45 20090206 Yes -20120321 DRV5 -0.32 0.07 -1.86 0.48 20060310 Yes DRV6 -20160818 LOYZ -0.14 0.36 -1.80 0.82 20090220 No -20170408 LOY2 -0.28 -0.01 -1.77 0.86 20090206 Yes -20170408 LSO3 -0.14 -0.13 -0.98 0.90 20090255 Yes -20170408 CHRl -0.14 -0.62 1.40 1.53 19960114 No -19990618 ' Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical Oceanography2 0 0 0 ,--------.------..------.--------.-,~ ----, 1000 0 a. 6 ~ -1000 co 000 7 -3000 4000 L---_._ _ _.._ _ _____. ______ --J Ja 07 Jan08 J n09 Jan10 Jan11 Jan12 ' Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographyDraft	FigureDraft	Figure' Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographyName East Vel. North Vel. Vert. Vel. U ncert. Vert. Vel Time Period Used as (mm/yr) (mm/yr) (mm/yr) (mm/yr) Ref. LOYX -0.4 0.01 -1.89 0.93 20090509 Yes -20170408 VAGP -0.4 0.01 -2.24 1.21 20071001 Yes -20160419 LOYl -0.22 0.06 -2.42 1.45 20090206 Yes -20120321 DRV5 -0.32 0.07 -1.86 0.48 20060310 Yes DRV6 -20160818 LOYZ -0.14 0.36 -1.80 0.82 20090220 No -20170408 LOY2 -0.28 -0.01 -1.77 0.86 20090206 Yes -20170408 LSO3 -0.14 -0.13 -0.98 0.90 20090255 Yes -20170408 CHRl -0.14 -0.62 1.40 1.53 19960114 No -19990618 ' Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographyCraney Island Epes 20 ... >, 0 ..... E E-20 ' ' 20 40 60 80 100 120 ; m ... >, 0 ..... E E -20 HRJ LOY2 -40 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 20 ... >, 0 ..... E E -20 LOYl :: : ;VAGP ' ' -40 '' ' . ' . . 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Distance along crossection [ m) ' Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical Oceanography' Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical Oceanography5 Relative rate=4.Smm/yr (a =S.9mm/yr) A - LOYl • • • 0 L __.!..• - ---;- ----- ...-.-: ~-7 • -5 5 C - LOYl • 0 • -5 Relative rate=-19.8mm/yr (a=6.7mm/yr) 5 E- LOY2 -5 Relative rate=-7.2mm/yr (a =Smm/yr) [ Relative rate=6.Smm/yr (a=S.2mm/yr) B - LOYl s • • • L _:_·- --;-. _ __....,-----r--..-:----- 7 a ._ ___ ..._· __ j-s Relative rate=7.4mm/yr (a=7.Smm/yr) D - LOYl 5 ~L:-· --------;-. ~ ·~· .:.....--• j 0 • • .___....__.....__.......__........__ j -5 Relative rate=-3.Smm/yr {a=7.4mm/yr) F- LOY2 • • • • • • • ....... 5 E u ........ a. 0 :g t -5 ~ Jan-2007 Jan-2008 Jan-2009 Jan-2011 Jan-2011 Jan-2012 ES G - LS03 u • a. .~ a r------~ ..----------~ .. ·~ - --J .. t ~ -5 Relative rate=-3mm/yr {a=3.4mm/yr) Jan-2007 Jan-2008 Jan-2009 Jan-2011 Jan-2011 Jan-2012 ' GPS rates: LOYl = -2.4mm/yr (cr=l.Smm/yr) LOY2 = -l.7mm/yr (cr=0.9mm/yr) LS03 = -1.0mm/yr (cr=0.9mm/yr) Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographyOngoing Monitoring• One of the primary goals of this project is to create the capacity within Hampton Roads to conduct ongoing subsidence monitoring as needed or requested. • Many different SAR satellites have been launched or are being launched to dramatically improve the coverage. – Sentinel-1 (C-band) is a European Space Agency (ESA) mission that was launched in 2014.– The NASA-ISRO (NISAR) satellite will launch in 2019. – Providing near global coverage of world’s coastlines, including Hampton Roads. • We have begun processing the Sentinel-1 data with the aim of constructing a system that can be updated on a regular basis and provide user-friendly output.' Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographyImprovement with Sentinel-1 (C-band)10 9 8 '.::::' 7 <' E 6 .s >-u 5 t'1 I,... :::, u u 4 t'1 Q) «i I,... 3 2 1 0 0 0.5 ' .... Thermal & scatt. noise (30°): L·band -- C-band · • · Tropo noise (2cm @SOkm): L-band - C-band · • · lono noise (2cm @50km) : L-band -- C-band (16 times smaller) ... -combined total noise : L-band - C-band L-band revisit time (46days) C-band revisit time (12days) Estimated accuracy over time 1 ·--.... ·--... ·•··. 1.5 · ... 2 2.5 n·years ·· ... . .... ..... ..... 3 ........ _ ..• .... , ... , .. ... .. ...... .... .... • ....... ···•-..... ·-....... . ......... __ ·•-...... 3.5 4 4.5 ........ • ........ --·---...... . 5 Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographyNASA Sea Level Change Team (N-SLCT)New N-SLCT was selected recently (objectives below).1. Characterizing current changes in sea level: Global and regional sea level projections that extrapolate from satellite and contemporary observations 2. Characterizing underlying processes and improving predictions of regional variations in sea level 3. Improving knowledge of ice mass change that specifically improves estimates of current and future sea level rise 4. Integrating these results into better forecasts of sea level rise.' Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographyNASA Sea Level Change Team (N-SLCT)Focus will be on using satellite data to improve regional relative sea level projections.Part of this includes identifying ways to perform InSARanalysis on very large spatial scales very quickly and how tie this in with ocean variability. Hampton Roads is going to serve as one of the test cases. Web portal with output from team at:sealevel.nasa.gov' New NASA-Sea Level Change Team and team leader announced NASA recently selected a second round of projects for NASA's Sea Level Rise Program and a new Sea Level Change Team (N-SLCD. Data Search Research and Resources Data Tools Data Analysis Tool · Beta Version Old Dominion UniversityCenter for Coastal Physical OceanographySummary• Initial analysis of the ALOS data indicates spatial variability in vertical land motion à needs further investigation due to uncertainties.– InSAR is constraining the short spatial scales (<20 km) well, show large localized subsidence signals larger than the uncertainty (Craney Island: -18 +/- 8 mm/year).– Problems:• Significant atmospheric noise super-imposed on subsidence signal.• Too few acquisitions to reduce long-wavelength noise.• If interested in absolute rates, lack of GPS coverage in the area.• We have started analyzing the available Sentinel-1 data.– Additional year of the project being supported by NASA and CCRFR at ODU.– Significantly reduced uncertainty/noise in the generated subsidence maps.– To generate absolute velocities with low uncertainty, improved GPS coverage is needed.– With Sentinel-1 still on orbit, new subsidence maps can be generated each month, leading to ongoing monitoring of subsidence in the region.– This effort will be tied into the broader NASA effort.' 

Subsidence Monitoring in Hampton Roads Using InSAR

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Subsidence Monitoring in Hampton Roads Using InSAR

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