Proctor, Roger

University of Queensland eSpace

A data delivery system for IMOS, 
the Australian 
Integrated Marine Observing System
Roger Proctor, IMOS/eMII
eMarine Information Infrastructure
IMOS is supported by the Australian Government through the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy and the Super Science Initiative
a country dominated by 
boundary currents
The surface currents
are shown in orange
and subsurface currents
in green
The circulation in the oceans around Australia
Principles
• Service — a national system
• Data streams — free, open and timely 
• Integrated — coordinated, multi-platform, multi-disciplinary
• Sustained — systematic, repeated, long term
IMOS is an initiative of the Australian Government, 
a 5-year project (2006-2011) AUD$50M + similar co-funding = ~AUD$100M* 
to establish an observing system which can be maintained in the long term 
to inform on climate change in the ocean
What is IMOS?
IMOS is establishing Australia’s Sustainable Marine Observing System
What are the objectives of IMOS?
• Improve Australia’s capacity to understand ocean 
variability and regional climate change
• Develop capability to monitor the interaction of the 
ocean boundary currents with shelf waters
• Deliver systematic capability to understand ocean 
productivity and macro/meso-scale connections 
between animal populations
• Provide a marine information system for researchers 
to easily access new and legacy marine data
Scientific rationale and implementation plan 
developed by community consultation through 
four Regional Nodes + the Bluewater Node
Vision of regional monitoring by 11 national facilities—one for each instrument type
Node science rationales – research questions
• Bluewater and Climate IMOS
– Ocean State Estimation 
– Seasonal to Interannual Climate Variability
– Interaction between Antarctica and the 
Southern Ocean 
– Provide boundary condition on ocean-shelf 
interaction
SST trend (oCcentury-1, 1944-2005)
Based on Smith and Reynolds (2003)
- Neil Holbrook
Holbrook and Bindoff 1997: J. Climate
1.5oC/century upper 100m, 
cf 2.28oC SST
34 years
Variability of the Indonesian Throughflow
and its role in climate
• New South Wales NSW- IMOS
– Quantify the seasonal and annual 
variation in EAC inflow along the 
coast of southeastern Australia 
– Make sustained observations of the
coastal separation of the EAC and
the resulting eddy dynamics and
biological consequences
– Determine the biological response to
oceanographic and climate effects
EAC: East Australian Current
Image from Moninya Roughan, UNSW
IMOS - 11 National Facilities
Provide the information for regional Node science
What and how?
• ARGO (Argo Australia) – measures vertical profiles, physical & O2 0-2000m
• SOOP (Ships of Opportunity Programme) – surface & sub-surface physical & biochemical data along ship-tracks
• SOTS (Southern Ocean Automated Timeseries Observations) – extreme climate, the southern ocean moorings 
• ANFOG (Australian National Facility for Ocean Gliders) – gliders, ocean and shelf repeat transects, phys & biol
• AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) – underwater vehicle, close up view of benthic biodiversity + phys
• ANMN (Australian National Mooring Network) – coastal (NRS) & shelf-edge moorings, surface, sub-surface & acoustics
• ACORN (Australian Coastal Ocean Radar Network) – HF radar, surface currents & waves to 75km offshore
• AATAMS (Australian Acoustic Tagging and Monitoring System) – acoustic tagging, fish, sharks, sea mammal detection
• FAIMMS (Facility for Automated Intelligent Monitoring of Marine Systems) – networked sensors on the GBR
• SRS (Satellite Remote Sensing) – satellites, SST and ocean colour for Australian region
• eMII (eMarine Information Infrastructure) – data management, integration, bringing it all together
Argo – floats roaming the ocean
300 Australian floats
What and how?
• ARGO (Argo Australia) – measures vertical profiles, physical & O2 0-2000m
• SOOP (Ships of Opportunity Programme) – surface & sub-surface physical & biochemical data along ship-tracks
• SOTS (Southern Ocean Automated Timeseries Observations) – extreme climate, the southern ocean moorings 
• ANFOG (Australian National Facility for Ocean Gliders) – gliders, ocean and shelf repeat transects, phys & biol
• AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) – underwater vehicle, close up view of benthic biodiversity + phys
• ANMN (Australian National Mooring Network) – coastal (NRS) & shelf-edge moorings, surface, sub-surface & acoustics
• ACORN (Australian Coastal Ocean Radar Network) – HF radar, surface currents & waves to 75km offshore
• AATAMS (Australian Acoustic Tagging and Monitoring System) – acoustic tagging, fish, sharks, sea mammal detection
• FAIMMS (Facility for Automated Intelligent Monitoring of Marine Systems) – networked sensors on the GBR
• SRS (Satellite Remote Sensing) – satellites, SST and ocean colour for Australian region
• eMII (eMarine Information Infrastructure) – data management, integration, bringing it all together
Gliders
What and how?
• ARGO (Argo Australia) – measures vertical profiles, physical & O2 0-2000m
• SOOP (Ships of Opportunity Programme) – surface & sub-surface physical & biochemical data along ship-tracks
• SOTS (Southern Ocean Automated Timeseries Observations) – extreme climate, the southern ocean moorings 
• ANFOG (Australian National Facility for Ocean Gliders) – gliders, ocean and shelf repeat transects, phys & biol
• AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) – underwater vehicle, close up view of benthic biodiversity + phys
• ANMN (Australian National Mooring Network) – coastal (NRS) & shelf-edge moorings, surface, sub-surface & acoustics
• ACORN (Australian Coastal Ocean Radar Network) – HF radar, surface currents & waves to 75km offshore
• AATAMS (Australian Acoustic Tagging and Monitoring System) – acoustic tagging, fish, sharks, sea mammal detection
• FAIMMS (Facility for Automated Intelligent Monitoring of Marine Systems) – networked sensors on the GBR (Scott Bainbridge)
• SRS (Satellite Remote Sensing) – satellites, SST and ocean colour for Australian region
• eMII (eMarine Information Infrastructure) – data management, integration, bringing it all together
Acoustic Tagging of Fish
3700km in
41 days  ~4kmph
Great White Shark here
31 Oct 08
And here
10 Dec 08
NINGALOO ARRAY, WA
Data discovery - The Tools
• IMOS Metadata Entry and Search Tool (MEST)
– http://imosmest.aodn.org.au
– GeoNetwork open source
– ISO 19115 metadata records, Marine Community Profile
• IMOS Ocean Portal
– http://imos.aodn.org.au
– Java framework, Openlayers, WxS, CSW 2.0.2
AODN … Australian Ocean Data Network
Access to data through the portal, 
either directly to do a simple search of the MEST, 
or directly from the MEST for more complex searches
Open Source, Standards based
Ring Buffer
• Circular buffer stores a predefined amount of the latest data
• Can be used for numeric data, still images or video
• Data can also be written to a database or archived on disk
• DataTurbine is a robust open-source streaming data middleware 
system that satisfies the core requirements for sensor-based 
environmental observing systems
• Originally a NASA code, the Open Source DataTurbine Initiative 
transitioned the system from a proprietary software system to an
open source initiative
Real-time view - Data Turbine
http://www.dataturbine.org
The IMOS distributed data system (with ARCS support)
Based around AARNET 10Gbit fibre links on mainland
Limited data stored at TPAC due to Basslink
AARNET
10 GBit
310 MBit
IMOS
Ocean
Portal
QLD – QCIF
TAS - TPAC
EMII HQ
MEST (master) (harvest records from local MESTS)
DataTurbine (master)
NSW - Intersect
SA – eRSA
WA - iVEC
Data Fabric – cloud storage
OPeNDAP/THREDDS
MEST
DataTurbine
IMOS data types
- Arrays
- Timeseries
- Images
- Documents
IMOS Ocean Portal: http://imos.aodn.org.au
Click on any ARGO float, gives access
Latest data, sourced from an existing database at CSIRO – no re-inventing the wheel
Click on ‘Link to the data on OPeNDAP’ for access
Similar process for all data, e.g. Glider deployments
ISO 19115 standard metadata record
Simple search through the portal, more advanced searching via the MEST.
Can also get external web service layers
Search finding for IMOS gliders
Direct access to the data
Real-time access to data via DataTurbine
Where next for IMOS?
Additional AUD$52M in 2009 from the “Super Science Initiative”
to enhance and extend IMOS to June 2013
Enhance
Biochemical & biological
Ocean and coastal
Improved take up by
Ocean Forecasting –
BLUElink
Move toward a 
sustainable system …
Australian Ocean 
Data Network 
(AODN)
Extend
Tropical waters
Southern Ocean
AODN vision 
Simple easy access to all Australian 
marine data
One-stop shop for all marine data
Feeding the Australian Research Data 
Commons
AODN vision
AODN
Portal
AAD
Portal
UNIVERSITY x
Portal
TERN
Portal
AUSCOPE
Portal
WA-Marine
Portal
CSIRO
Portal
EPA
Portal
IMOS
Portal
AODCJF
NCR
IS
US-IOOS
Portal
EU-Myocean
Portal
BlueNet
Portal
http://imos.aodn.org.au


A data delivery system for IMOS, the Australian Integrated Marine Observing System

http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:188864/Roger_Proctor_V2.pdf

A data delivery system for IMOS, the Australian Integrated Marine Observing System

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