Patients with chronic kidney disease have risk factors for cardiovascular disease which are additional to those found in the general population. Many patients will die of cardiovascular disease before they require dialysis for their kidney disease. While lifestyle modification is essential, it is important to manage the patient's anaemia, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. Managing heart failure can be difficult because of the need to adjust the patient's fluid balance according to renal and cardiac function. If the progression of chronic kidney disease can be slowed, cardiac risk may be reduced. (author abstract
