Boxing was legalized in California through a statewide referendum in 1924that simultaneously set up a regulatory authority with broad powers to control the industry. This study examines the economic performance of the boxing industry, the case for regulatory intervention, and the effects of the specific kinds of regulatory rules that have been imposed. While regulation in California is widely believed to be an important factor explaining the unusually low rates of death and injury in boxing matches in the state, it is also shown to have anticompetitive effects. Several changes in regulatory procedures are proposed that would not reduce the extent to which regulation protects boxers, but would serve to enhance the competitive performance of the industry
