Grain sorghum hybrids grown under 1993 environmental conditions are evaluated in this report. Tables include 1993 grain yields in pounds per acre adjusted to 14% moisture content, and 1992-93 2-year yield averages, test weight, and plant height. Results in this report were obtained from the Plant Science Department, Crop Performance Testing Program, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University

Geise, H. A.

Hall, R. G.

English

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South Dakota State UniversityOpen PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access InstitutionalRepository and Information ExchangeAgricultural Experiment Station Circulars SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station2-19941993 Grain Sorghum Performance TrialsR. G. HallSouth Dakota State University, robert.hall@sdstate.eduH. A. GeiseSouth Dakota State UniversityFollow this and additional works at: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/agexperimentsta_circThis Circular is brought to you for free and open access by the SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station at Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research AccessInstitutional Repository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Agricultural Experiment Station Circulars by an authorizedadministrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, pleasecontact michael.biondo@sdstate.edu.Recommended CitationHall, R. G. and Geise, H. A., "1993 Grain Sorghum Performance Trials" (1994). Agricultural Experiment Station Circulars. Paper 289.http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/agexperimentsta_circ/289·'-;,, --� J {, Robert G. Hall Extension Agronomist, Crops Leader, Crop Per1ormance Testing, ;,;, . · Plant Science Plipq,:lmtint Agricultural Experiment Station South Dakota State University Brookings, SD 57007-1096 ··-Grain sorghum hybrids grown under 1994 environmental condi­tions are evaluated in this report. Tables include 1994 grain yields in pounds per acre adjusted to 14% moisture content, 1993-94 2-year yield averages: test weight, plant height, and stalk lodging percentages. Location of 1994 Trials Trial locations and dates of seeding and harvesting are in Table 1. Soil classes and fertility are shown in Table 3. Trials were seeded at Armour and at the The assistance of technicians Kevin Kirby and Darin Huber; Dwayne Beck of the Dakota Lakes Research Farm near Pierre; and farmer-cooperator Robert Clark is gratefully acknowledged. Dakota Lakes Research Farm near Pierre. Climatic data (Table 2) for the 1994 grain sorghum growing sea­son, May through September, are based upon U.S. Monthly Clima­tological Data (NOAA) recorded at a weather station reasonably ne each trial site. The Pierre FAA (airport) data are used for the Dakota Lakes site. Weather stations are located at or near the other trial sites. Precipitation quantities could vary widely from the actual site to the record­ing station. However, tempera­tures are similar over a much wjder area and are considered applicable to the trial area. Growing season tempera­tures in 1994 were close to nor-al at both locations. Tempera­tmes were near normal in April, 3 to 4 degrees above average in May. slightl� above average in June, 5 degrees below average in July, and 2 to 3 degrees above average in August and SeP-tem­ber. 'f.he heat unit accumulation across most of the grain sorghum area was near normal for 1994. Statewide 96% ef the grain sorghum harvest was completed by November 13, according to the South Dakota Agricmltural Statis­tics Service. Stalk lodging was not a factor in 1994. Hybrid Entry Procedure Only hybrids offered for sale in South Dakota or being pro­duced for sale in 1994 were eligi­ble for entry. Entries had to exhibit a laboratory germination of 80% or higher as required by state certification standards. A fee was charged for each entry in each trial. Entries were selected by the participating companies. Experimental Procedure Each trial consisted of four replications of two-row plots. Each plot was randomly located within each replication. Trials were seeded with cone seeders mounted above maxi-merge units. A herbicide recommended for grassy weed control was applied at seeding time. Thirty­inch row spacings were used at all trial sites. The glot length at seeding was 20 feet at both loca­tions. All plots were later cut back to 17-foot lengths prior to harvest. Plots were seeded at a rate of 6 seeds per foot of row (104,544 seeds per acre) and later thinned to a final stand of 2.5 plants per foot of row (43,560 plants per acre). The trials at South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station • South Dakota State University • U.S. Department of Agriculture Pierre and Armour were no-till seeded into wheat stubble and corn stubble, respectively. Bushel weight of the grain was a realistic indicator of relative grain quality in 1994. Grain moisture determinations for adjusting final yields were obtained by collecting a yield sample, enclosing it within a paper bag, and later measuring the moisture content with an electronic moisture meter. Harvesting was delayed until shortly after the first frost; how­ever, stalk lodging was not signif­icant in 1994. At both sites, three replications were harvested by small-plot combine when plots were mature enough to shell out readily. Harvest sam­ples were returned to Brookings for drying and processing. Results Pierre: The average yield was 5,671 pounds per acre. There were no significant yield differ­ences among the hybrids. The test coefficient of variation (CV) value (9.6%) indicated a low level of experimental error asso­ciated with the test. The bushel weight values averaged 56.7 pounds per bushel. Entries had to yield 5 7. 7 pounds per bushel to be in the best bushel-weight group. Armour: The average yield was 5,141 pounds per acre. Again, as at Pierre, there were no significant yield differences among hybrids tested. Test coef­ficient of variation (CV) value (12.7%) was relatively high but well within the acceptable limits to qualify as a test. However, even though the test was accept­able, the test was not significant at the 5% level of probability. The bushel-weight values at Armour averaged 56.1 pounds per bushel, which was similar to the values at Pierre. At Armour, entries that averaged 56.3 pounds or higher were in the best bushel-weight group. Measurement of Performance Variations in soil fertility, slope, or stand may cause hybrids of equal potential to yield differently. Statistical determinations were made to determine if yield differences were caused by variations in environment or were true hybrid differences. Hybrid performance results are in Tables 4 and 5. A listing of all entries is also given. • Table 1. Test trial locations, seeding dates, and harvest dates. POST DATE DATE LOCATION COUNTY OFFICE SEEDED HARVESTED -----------------------------------------------------------------------------ROBERT CLARK FARMA 4W,1S DOUGLAS ARMOUR MAY 16 OCT. 19 DAK. LAKES RES. F RM, 17E HUGHES PIERRE MAY 23 OCT. 26 • Table 2. Temperature and precipitation data, 1994 grain sorghum performance trials. LOCATION TYPE OF DATA APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. TOTAL ARMOUR PRECIPITATION 2.97 1.84 2.98 3.56 1.12 1.53 14.00 (DOUGLAS CO.) AVER. TEMP. 48.8 63.8 70.7 71.5 71. 6 66.0 TEMP. DIFF. -0.9 +2.9 +1.1 -5.1 -2.8 +2.4 PIERRE PRECIPITATION 1.29 2.21 3.00 4.53 2.30 1.22 14.55 AIRPORT AVER. TEMP. 46.9 63.1 70.4 71. 9 70.8 65.1 (DLRF) TEMP. DIFF. -0.1 +3.9 +1.0 -4.8 -2.6 +2.5 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------*PRECIPITATION= INCHES, TEMPERATURE= DEGREES FAHRENHIET. • Table 3. Soil classification, fertilizer applied, and land preparation. STARTER 2 X 2 FERTILIZER APPLIED LOCATION SOIL TYPE (ACTUAL PER ACRE) LAND PREPARATION ARMOUR *EAKIN-ETHAN COMPLEX 37 - 18 - 00 PIERRE LOWRY SILT LOAM 37 - 18 - 00 *A MIXED SILT AND FINE LOAM 2 NO-TILL CORN STUBBLE NO-TILL: WHEAT STUBBLE • Table 4. 1994 grain sorghum hybrid performance trial results: Armour, Robert Clark farm, seeded May 16, 1994. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------YIELDS AT 14.0% MOIST. ------------ BUSHEL STALKS 1994 2-YR WEIGHT HT. LODGED ---- BRAND & HYBRID ---- (LB/AC) (LB) (IN) (%) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------AGRIPRO ST 3280 6120 4948 55.6 50 0 AGRIPRO AP 9135 5955 56.4 48 0 DEKALB DK-37 5792 4999 57.5 56 0 PIONEER 8925 5460 4727 56.4 47 0 DEKALB DK-28E 5265 4549 56.4 49 0 PIONEER 8875 5206 4606 57.6 49 0 DEKALB X-422 5169 56.5 49 0 PIONEER 8877 4962 4186 58.2 48 0 DEKALB X-335 4933 4315 55.5 46 0 CARGILL 577 4903 4589 56.6 52 0 DEKALB X-317 4894 4467 53.7 48 0 DEKALB X-419 4702 . 55.3 49 0 PIONEER 8855 4638 4046 55.8 47 0 CARGILL X11206 4629 4356 55.6 45 0 PIONEER 8950 4479 3789 53.9 46 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------TEST AVERAGE: 5141 4465 56.1 49 0 TEST LSD f5%) VALUE: *NS NS 2.0 4 MINIMUM B ST VALUE: 56.3 53 TEST C. V.: #12.7 14.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------*NS - INDICATES HYBRID DIFFERENCES WITHIN A COLUMN ARE NOT SIGNIFICANT. #COEF. OF VARIATION - A MEASURE OF EXPERIMENTAL ERRORi IF VALUE EXCEEDS 16.0% DATA SHOULD NOT BE USED TO MAKE HYBRID COMPARI�ONS. • Table 5. 1994 grain sorghum hybrid performance trial results: Pierre, Dakota Lakes Research Farm, seeded May 23, 1994. YIELDS AT 14.0% MOIST. 1994 2-YR ---- BRAND & HYBRID ---- (LB/AC) BUSHEL WEIGHT (LB) HT. (IN) DEKALB DK-28E 6163 5141 57.3 PIONEER 8925 6110 5268 57.1 CARGILL 577 6054 6106 58.0 DEKALB X-422 5988 58.8 DEKALB X-317 5968 5253 54.6 DEKALB X-335 5829 4870 55.9 CARGILL X11206 5820 4678 55.9 PIONEER 8855 5417 57.7 PIONEER 8875 5366 4519 57.1 DEKALB DK-18 5299 4553 56.3 DEKALB X-419 5163 56.9 PIONEER 8950 4874 5216 54.4 STALKS LODGED (%) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------TEST AVERAGE: 5671 5067 56.7 TEST LSD f5%) VALUE: *NS 1.2 MINIMUM B ST VALUE: 57.7 TEST C. V.: i/9. 6 17.4 *NS - INDICATES HYBRID DIFFERENCES WITHIN A COLUMN ARE NOT SIGNIFICANT. #COEF. OF VARIATION - A MEASURE OF EXPERIMENTAL ERRORi IF VALUE EXCEEDS 16.0% DATA SHOULD NOT BE USED TO MAKE HYBRID COMPARI�ONS. 3 0 Entries In the 1994 South Dakota grain sorghum hybrid performance trials. COMPANY (BRAND) AGRIPRO CARGILL HYBRID ST 3280 AP 9135 577 X11206 COMPANY (BRAND) DEKALB HYBRID DK-18 DK-37 DK-28E X335 X317 X419 X422 COMPANY (BRAND) PIONEER HYBRID 8855 8875 8877 8925 8950 Published in accordance with an act passed in 1881 by the 14th Legislative Assembly, Dakota Territory, establishing the Dakota Agricultural College and with the act of re-organization passed in 1887 by the 17th Legislative Assembly, which established the Agricultural Experiment Station at South Dakota State University. SDSU is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer (Male/Female) and offers all benefits, services, education, and employment opportunities without regard for ancestry, age, race, citizenship, color, creed, religion, gender, disability, national origin, sexual preference, or Vietnam Era veteran status. This publication reports the results of research. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that may also be suitable. C252: 1,000 printed 20centseach. AX119 December 1994 4 

1993 Grain Sorghum Performance Trials

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1993 Grain Sorghum Performance Trials

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