Nazarbayev University School of Engineering and Digital Sciences
Abstract
Rising traffic and congestion in urban areas increases a demand for long bridges and interchanges. However, construction and designing such bridges evolve the infrastructure due to being permanently affected by safety, environment and budget. Therefore, there is a variety of bridge construction types that are chosen depending on the location and several parameters such as feasibility, safety maintainability, cost, and simplicity of construction. Over 60 years, precast prestressed concrete girders have been widely used all over the USA owing to their low life-cycle cost, endurance and modularity..
