Enroth, Johannes

Ji, M

Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto

E D I N B U R G H J O U R N A L O F B O T A N Y 64 (3): 295–301 (2007) 295 Trustees of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2007)doi:10.1017/S096042860700474XA NEW SPEC IES OF NECKERA (NECKERACEAE ,BRYOPS IDA ) FROM XIZANG , CH INAJ . ENROTH 1 & M. J I 2A new species of Neckeraceae, Neckera serrulatifolia Enroth & M.Ji, is described fromXizang (Tibet), China. It belongs in an Asian group of relatively robust, distinctlystipitate species with an obtuse leaf apex, relatively long costa and strongly incrassate-porose leaf cell walls, but differs from the other species by the combination of stronglycomplanate and undulate branch leaves, long leaf decurrencies, and serrulate margins atleaf base and at midleaf. The sporophytes remain unknown.Keywords. Mosses, Neckera, Neckeraceae, new species, taxonomy.Introduct ionNeckeraceae is a moss family whose centre of diversity is in subtropical and tropicalAsia. The senior author has studied the taxonomy of the family for more than twodecades, concentrating on the tropical taxa, especially from Asia. Taxonomic novel-ties are still being discovered; a recent example is the genus Shevockia, described byEnroth & Ji (2006).Neckera is estimated to contain c.50 species worldwide. Its centre of diversity liesin Asia, especially in the Himalayan region (broadly conceived) and China. Thejunior author’s taxonomic work on the Asian and Australasian species has so far ledto two published papers (Ji et al., 2005; Ji & Enroth, 2006), including a description ofa new species from Nepal. There remain new species to be described from China, ofwhich one is presented here.The specimen on which this report is based was kindly communicated to us forexamination by Mr Ju¨rgen Kluge and is a duplicate from the personal herbarium ofProf. Georg Miehe (Marburg, Germany). Since the 1980s Prof. Miehe has collectedplants extensively in the Himalayan region, and several new taxa, including mosses,have been described from his specimens (e.g. Ochyra, 1989, 1990).Neckera serrulatifolia Enroth & M.Ji, sp. nov. Figs 1, 2.Haec species N. crenulatae aliquantum proxima, foliis omnibus magis valdeundulatis, foliis praecipue ramulorum valde complanatis (haud erecto-patentibus),margine foliorum ad basim mediumque clare serrulato (non subintegris) differt.1 Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and the Botanical Museum, PO Box 7, 00014University of Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: johannes.enroth@helsinki.fi2 School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Forestry College, Lin’an, Zhejiang 311300, China.– Type: China, Xizang, Lang Chu, 30°009N, 94°539E, 2300 m, Quercus ?tungmaiensisforest on left bank of lower Lang Chu, 23 viii 1994, G. Miehe & U. Wu¨ndisch10112:14 (holo H; iso herb. G. Miehe).Plants gregarious, green to somewhat dirty-green, slightly glossy, stems to c.6 cmlong, irregularly to subpinnately branched, frondose, short-stipitate. Many branch tipsnaked due to caducous distal branch leaves. Stolons creeping, bearing small, bleachedFIG. 1. Habit of Neckera serrulatifolia Enroth & M.Ji (from the holotype). Scale bar 5 0.5 cm.296 J . E N R O T H & M . J IFIG. 2. Neckera serrulatifolia Enroth & M.Ji (from the holotype). A, two stem leaves; B, twobranch leaves; C, three pre-fertilization perichaetial leaves; D, apex of a pre-fertilizationperichaetial leaf; E, stem leaf margin at midleaf; F, stem leaf margin near leaf base; G, medianlaminal cells of stem leaf; H, cells in alar region of stem leaf; I, stem leaf apex. Scale bars: 1 mm(A–C), 50 lm (D–I).A N E W S P E C I E S O F N E C K E R A F R O M C H I N A 297and appressed leaves (mostly eroded off in this specimen). Rhizoids in tufts situatedjust below leaf insertions, brownish-orange, unbranched or very scarcely branched,smooth. Stipe leaves relatively few, appressed, (broadly) ovate-acute, proximal onesecostate, in upper parts of stipe grading in shape to stem leaves. Stipe cross-sectionelliptic, epidermal and cortical cells small and thick-walled, cortex 5–7 cell layers thick;medullary cells larger and thinner-walled, central strand none. Stem leaves and branchleaves complanate-spreading, strongly undulate. Stem leaves to c.4.0 mm long and1.6 mm wide near leaf base, somewhat asymmetrically ovate-lingulate from a long-decurrent base, apex obtuse-mucronate to broadly acute; costa single and reaching to1=2–3=4 leaf length, occasionally bifurcate and shorter, often more or less spurred;margins faintly serrulate near base, becoming progressively more so upwards, apexserrate by uni- to multicellular teeth. Leaf cells smooth, walls relatively thick andporose nearly throughout lamina; apical cells rhombic to elliptic, 15–25 3 10–12 lm,median cells linear with blunt ends, 40–70 3 8–10 lm, basal cells linear with bluntends or nearly rectangular, 60–90 3 8–10 lm; laminal cells becoming shorter towardsmargins, where often rectangular or (sub)quadrate especially in leaf base; cells at leafinsertion often greyish-yellow and thicker-walled than supradjacent laminal cells, wallsstrongly porose; alar cells forming a fairly distinct group just above decurrency,shorter than adjacent inner laminal cells, quadrate to elliptic or irregular, often grey-ish; decurrency cells again longer. Branch leaves similar but smaller, to 2.5 3 1.0 mm.Branch primordia covered by embryonic leaves; pseudoparaphyllia numerous, filiformand uniseriate to wider and multiseriate, length variable, to c.400 lm long.Presumably dioecious (male gametoecia not seen). Perichaetia several on somestems, lacking on others; inner perichaetial leaves to c.2.8 mm long, from an ovatebase at c.1=3 of leaf length narrowed to a long-ligulate, nearly straight acumen with anacute tip; costa single or bifurcate, reaching to c.1=2 of leaf length; margins distinctlyserrate by unicellular teeth near leaf tip; marginal cell row differentiated at leaf baseand midleaf, consisting of quadrate to rectangular, mostly hyaline cells; archegoniac.0.6 mm long; paraphyses numerous, hyaline, filiform. Sporophytes and the asso-ciated gametophytic structures (vaginulae, calyptrae) unknown.Neckera serrulatifolia belongs in a peculiarly Asian group of relatively robust anddistinctly stipitate Neckera species with relatively long costae and strongly incras-sate-porose leaf cell walls (see Enroth, 1996). The other species in the group areNeckera yunnanensis Enroth (endemic to Yunnan, China), N. undulatifolia (Tix.)Enroth (N Vietnam, Philippines; Enroth, 1992a, 1996), N. polyclada Mu¨ll.Hal. (Japan,several provinces in China, Bhutan; Enroth, 1994; Redfearn et al., 1996), N. warburgiiBroth. (Philippines, Borneo; Enroth, 1994), N. crenulata Harv. (Himalayan region,Yunnan, Taiwan) and N. perpinnata Card. & The´r. (endemic to Guizhou, China).Neckera serrulatifolia is most similar to N. crenulata, which is at least locallyfrequent in the Himalayan region. Neckera serrulatifolia has more strongly undulateand more strongly complanate leaves, especially branch leaves (in N. crenulata theyare not at all complanate but rather erect-spreading), and the apical branch leaves298 J . E N R O T H & M . J Iare often caducous, leaving the branch tips naked. The leaves are also more distinctlyasymmetric, have narrower apices, and clearly more strongly serrulate margins atleaf base and midleaf (nearly entire in N. crenulata). The marginal leaf cells in N.crenulata are longer than in N. serrulatifolia. Neckera perpinnata, which is knownonly from the type specimen from Guizhou (isotype H-BR), resembles the fairlyvariable N. crenulata in many respects and is distinguished mainly by the more acuteleaf tips and wider leaf bases.The caducous distal branch leaves and long leaf decurrencies are characters thatNeckera serrulatifolia shares with N. polyclada (see Noguchi, 1989). Otherwise thetwo species are quite different: the leaves of the latter are concave, not complanate,much less strongly undulate and the leaf margins are entire below and less stronglytoothed above. Neckera polyclada also has scattered paraphyllia, while N. serrulatifolialacks paraphyllia altogether.Neckera yunnanensis, described by Enroth (1996), clearly differs from N.serrulatifolia by the non-decurrent leaf bases and less strongly toothed leaf marginsbelow midleaf. Neckera undulatifolia and N. warburgii have a completely differentleaf shape and erect-patent rather than complanate leaves.Neckera himalayana Mitt., which is not very distinctly stipitate, also has moresymmetric and less undulate leaves with only minutely serrulate apices comparedwith the distinctly toothed ones in N. serrulatifolia.Gangulee’s (1976) illustration of ‘Neckera setschwanica’ resembles N. serrulatifoliain many characters. He cited two specimens collected at 1700 m and 4000 m inSikkim, India, and deposited in NICH. The illustration was based on specimen‘NICH 20150’, which must be the one from 4000 m; this specimen is no longer tobe found in NICH (pers. comm. with the Curator). The herbarium number of thespecimen from 1700 m is 201560; it represents Neckera crenulata and is clearlydifferent from Gangulee’s illustration of N. setschwanica. While the Himalayanspecimens here referred to Neckera serrulatifolia share some morphological featureswith N. setschwanica (long costa, undulate leaves), there are several clear differences.The latter species, whose holotype (H-BR) we have examined, has much more sharplypointed and more asymmetric leaves, and scattered paraphyllia on the stems andbranches. Neckera setschwanica is a Chinese endemic and known from the provincesof Guizhou, Henan and Sichuan (Redfearn et al., 1996).Neckera serrulatifolia is known with certainty only from the type specimen fromXizang (Tibet). However, since it cannot be determined if Gangulee’s (1976)illustration of ‘N. setschwanica’ based on a specimen from Sikkim, India, representsthis taxon, there remains the possibility that it has at least a somewhat widerdistribution in the eastern Himalayan region.Selected specimens examinedNeckera crenulata. CHINA. Yunnan. ‘Fl. von China, Pe yen tsin (Yu¨nnan)’, leg. S. Fen, Winter1920/21 (H-BR 2892009). Baoshan Co., Gaoligang Shan Range, 30 v 2005, James R. ShevockA N E W S P E C I E S O F N E C K E R A F R O M C H I N A 29927202 (H). ‘bois de Santchang-Kiou (Hokin) [. . .] 27. mars 1890’, Delavay 4768bis (H-BR2892013, isotype of Neckera brachyclada Besch.). INDIA. Sikkim, Yoksam, 1700 m, 17 v 1960,‘Univ. Tokyo Bot. Exped. to Eastern India, leg. H. H., H. K., G. M., M. T. and T. T.’ (NICH201560).Neckera himalayana. INDIA. Sikkim, Sinahul, 19 iv 1862, Wichura s.n. (H-BR 2892011). TamilNadu, Nilghiri Hills, 24 i 1973, C.C. Townsend 73/697 (pers. herb. J. Enroth, ex herb. C.C.Townsend).Neckera perpinnata. CHINA. ‘Kouy-Tche´ou: Pin-fa’, 1905, Cavalerie 1611 p.p. (H-BR 2892010,ex herb. I. The´riot).Neckera polyclada. JAPAN. Honshu, Tokyo-to, Nishimata-gun, Mt. Tenso, x 1980, U.Mizushima (H 3097649, Bryophyta Exsiccata, ed. Z. Iwatsuki & M. Mizutani, Fasc. 4, no.172).Neckera setschwanica. CHINA. Sichuan. ‘Prov. Setschwan austro-occid.: In montium Daliang-schan (territorii Lolo) [. . .]’, 25 iv 1914, Handel-Mazzetti Diar Nr. 3946 (H-BR 2892001,holotype). Wen-chuan Co., Wo-long Nature Reservation, 1981, J.-s. Lou 3443a (H 3097788).Neckera undulatifolia. Type material, see Enroth (1992a).Neckera warburgii. Type material, see Enroth (1992b). PHILIPPINES. 1980, ‘Neckeraceae 26.1’,without collector (B 30 0253856).AcknowledgementsWe thank Mr Ju¨rgen Kluge (Marburg) and the Curators of NICH and B for sendingus specimens for examination.Re f e r enc e sENROTH , J. (1992a). Notes on the Neckeraceae (Musci). 14–16. The identities ofPorothamnium undulatifolium and Baldwiniella tibetana, plus the second record ofNeckeropsis touwii. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 28: 249–251.ENROTH , J. (1992b). Notes on the Neckeraceae (Musci). 13. Taxonomy of the genusHimantocladium. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 29: 79–88.ENROTH , J. (1994). Additions to the moss floras of Solomon Islands and several countries oftropical Asia. Trop. Bryol. 9: 25–30.ENROTH , J. (1996). Contributions to tropical Asian Neckeraceae (Bryopsida). Hikobia 12: 1–7.ENROTH , J. & JI , M. (2006). Shevockia (Neckeraceae), a new moss genus with two speciesfrom Southeast Asia. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 100: 69–76.GANGULEE , H. C. (1976). Mosses of Eastern India and adjacent regions. Fasc. 5, Isobryales:1135–1462. Published by the author, Calcutta.JI , M. & ENROTH , J. (2006). Notes on the Neckeraceae (Bryopsida), 23. The identity ofNeckera tjibodensis. J. Bryol. 28: 167–169.JI , M. , ENROTH , J. & QIANG , S. (2005). Neckera noguchiana (Neckeraceae, Bryopsida),a new species from Nepal. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 42: 391–393.NOGUCHI , A. (supplemented by Z. IW A T S U K I) (1989). Illustrated moss flora of Japan. Part 3:493–742. Hattori Botanical Laboratory, Nichinan.300 J . E N R O T H & M . J IOCHYRA , R. (1989). Miehea himalayana, a new species and genus of Hylocomiaceae (Musci)from the Himalayas. Nova Hedwigia 49: 323–332.OCHYRA , R. (1990). A new species of Brachythecium (Musci, Brachytheciaceae) from Nepal.Polish Bot. Stud. 1: 35–43.REDFEARN , P. L. , JR., TAN , B. C. & HE , S. (1996). A newly updated and annotatedchecklist of Chinese mosses. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 79: 163–357.Received 8 May 2007; accepted for publication 27 June 2007A N E W S P E C I E S O F N E C K E R A F R O M C H I N A 301

A new species of Neckera (Neckeraceae, Bryopsida) from Xizang, China

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Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto