Three relatively new applications for controlling wind and water erosion using polyacrylamide copolymers arc described that
take advantage of their ability to stabilize and add structure to soil. In the first application, low concentrations of anionic, high purity
polyacrylamide (PAM) eliminates sediment in runoff water by more than 90% when added to irrigation water at 10 ppm, or at a rate of
1 to 2 kg ha-1 per irrigation. Lab-furrow tests were utilized to characterize the role of molecular weight. charge, and ion concentrations in
applying PAM during irrigation. In the second application, PAM is applied at construction sites and road cuts at rates of 22.5 kg ha -2
(tenfold higher rates than in irrigation control) resulting in reduction in sediment runoff by 60-85% during (simulated) heavy rains.
Finally, a formulation of PAM mixed with aluminum chlorohydrate and cross-linked poly(acrylic acid) superabsorbent at a ratio of (6:1:1)
has been applied to create helicopter landing pads that minimize dust clouds during helicopter operation. This formulation was specifically
developed to minimize dust clouds during landing of helicopters in fine, arid soils such as those potentially encountered in the Middle
East. A biodegradable alternative to PAM, acid-hydrolyzed cellulose microfibrils, was tested in lab-scale furrows and was less effective
than PAM at similar concentrations, but show promises. Microfibrils reduce sediment run-off in lab-furrow tests by 88% when applied at
eight- to tenfold the concentration of PAM
