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Riley, Jenn

English

IUScholarWorks

Merging Metadata from Multiple 
Traditions: IN Harmony Sheet 
Music from Libraries and Museums
Jenn Riley
Metadata Librarian
Indiana University Digital Library Program
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 2
What is “sheet music”?
 Not synonymous with “popular music”
 Defined bibliographically*
 Musical notation
 Unattached and unbound at the time of sale
 No fasteners
 Intended for mass consumption
 For small ensemble, performing informally 
*MLA “Guidelines for Sheet Music Cataloging”
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 3
IN Harmony Project
 Digitize, catalog, and deliver online 10,000 
pieces of sheet music
 3-year project funded by IMLS
 Collaborative project among 4 Indiana 
cultural heritage institutions
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 4
Indiana University Lilly Library
 2 primary sheet music collections
 Sam DeVincent Collection of American Sheet Music; ca. 
24,000 pieces
 Starr Sheet Music Collection; ca. 100,000 pieces
 Library with an archival streak
 Strong library cataloging tradition, including authority 
control
 Some legacy metadata in a custom database and 
MARC records
 Will catalog new items and not update legacy 
records
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 5
Indiana State Library
 Approximately 1,600 pieces of sheet music, 
all with an Indiana connection
 Strong library cataloging tradition, but sheet 
music has not been a priority
 Skeletal MARC records exist, converted from 
cards
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 6
Indiana Historical Society
 Sheet music of two types
 ca. 950 Indiana-related items
 Jane B. Anderson Sheet Music Collection; ca. 
12,000 pieces
 Archival mission with a library perspective
 Sheet music not currently described
 Metadata created will end up in 
CONTENTdm digital asset management 
system
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 7
Indiana State Museum
 1,800 pieces of sheet music, largely from the 
DeVincent Collection
 Description for the purpose of collection 
management
 No library cataloging tradition
 Sheet music records currently in Multi MIMSY 
museum management system
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 8
Diverse partners
Primary 
purpose of 
records
Culture of 
authority 
control?
Description & 
access
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Description & 
access
Access & 
collection 
management
Collection 
management
Existing 
data?
Native format
IU Lilly Yes, and no Custom database 
and MARC
ISL Yes MARC
IHS No CONTENTdm
ISM Yes Multi MIMSY 
museum 
management 
system
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 9
Metadata model
 Goals
 Address user needs for sheet music, but 
interoperable 
 Meet the individual needs of all project partners
 Make it easy to create high-quality data
 Developed collaboratively by representatives 
from all partner institutions
 Heavily informed by a series of user tests
 MODS chosen as the base format
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 10
Selecting a schema only the first step
 Determine required vs. optional elements
 Determine when elements repeatable
 Specify authority control for selected fields
 Determine syntax rules for selected fields
 Develop usage guidelines
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 11
Interesting metadata decisions
 Titles
 Names
 Dates
 Subjects
 Cover art
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 12
Titles
 Need to support both description and access
 Users know songs by labels other than title proper
 Several types of titles specified
 Title proper
 First line, first line of chorus
 Title of larger work
 …etc.
 All titles must belong to one of these categories
 Can use as many as are deemed appropriate
 Provide list of previously-used titles within interface
 Allow indication of non-sorting characters
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 13
Names
 Need to support both description and access
 Several types of names specified
 Composer
 Lyricist
 Arranger
 …etc.
 All names must belong to one of these categories
 Can use as many as are deemed appropriate
 Assist all users in providing authoritative form of 
name when possible; construct according to project 
rules otherwise
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 14
Dates
 Primarily for user access
 Record in YYYY format
 Use as many digits as are known
 Separate indication of copyright vs. 
publication date
 Separate indication that the date is 
approximate, inferred, or questionable
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 15
Subjects
 For collection management and user access
 Major focus of user research
 “Subject” categories used
 Topical
 Form/genre
 Instrumentation
 Geographic
 Language
 Local – essential for individual institutions
 Can use as many as are deemed appropriate 
 Use LCSH when appropriate
 Policy on LCSH subdivisions still under review
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 16
Cover art
 Not commonly a focus in the library environment
 Of primary importance in museum environment
 Can record
 People
 Subjects
 Not required
 Useful for planning exhibitions, history & social 
science research
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 17
Mapping metadata
 From native format to project format
 Legacy Lilly data
 ISM
 IHS
 From project format to format for individual 
institution
 ISM
 ISL?
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 18
Next steps
 Finalize metadata model and cataloging 
guidelines
 Cataloging tool development complete in 
October 2005
 Map metadata into central system when 
needed
 Plan for mappings out of central system into 
local systems
 Start creating metadata!
10/19/2005 DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2005 19
More information
 Project Web site:  
<http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/projects/inharmony/>
 Cataloging guidelines
 Metadata model field summary
 Project MODS template
 These presentation slides:
<http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/~jenlrile/bbfall05/inharmony/>
 jenlrile@indiana.edu


Merging Metadata from Multiple Traditions: IN Harmony Sheet Music from Libraries and Museums

https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/bitstream/2022/16485/2/inHarmonyMetadata.pdf

Merging Metadata from Multiple Traditions: IN Harmony Sheet Music from Libraries and Museums

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