This mixed methods study examined the contextual nature of gender role conflict (GRC). Using
a quasi-experimental design, 153 male college football players were randomly assigned to two
groups wherein they were instructed to report levels of GRC based on the assigned life domain
(within the football environment vs. life outside of football). Results indicated that participants
did not differ significantly in levels of GRC across life domains, but did reveal that life domain
(within the football environment) moderated the significant relationship between Restrictive
Affectionate Behavior Between Men (RABBM) and life satisfaction. Qualitative findings
provided support for quantitative results, and described ways that football players express
emotions and affection toward other men within this unique context. Results can help
psychologists design interventions that normalize and encourage affective and emotional
expression within the domain of football, with the intent of teaching players to transfer these
behaviors to life domains outside of football
