Robison, Henry W.

English

UARK (University of Arkansas )

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 33 Article 39 1979 Additions to the Strawberry River Ichthyofauna Henry W. Robison Southern Arkansas University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas  Part of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Robison, Henry W. (1979) "Additions to the Strawberry River Ichthyofauna," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 33 , Article 39. Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol33/iss1/39 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu. 1<Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol.XXXIII,1979 89General NotesSigmodon, Microtus spp., and Oryzomys appear to be the major sources of food in the owls diet (Phillips, 1947; Parmalee, 1954; Jemison andChabreck, 1962; Marti, 1974). Wilson (1938) reports Synaptomys cooperi as a food item inMichigan, but it represented less than 1% of the totalprey consumed by the owl. Inthe west. Barn Owls feed primarilyonpocket gophers (Thomomys spp.) and have fed almost exclusively on pelagicbirds (mainly petrels) onislands around Baja. California (Banks. 1965).We gratefully acknowledge the help of Dr.Earl L.Hanebrink, who provided data and technical materials. We also would like tothank the Athletic Department ofArkansas State University forallowingentrance to the winter roost inthe press box at Indian Sta-dium. We are grateful to Dr.V.Rick McDaniel forcommenting on the manuscript.Table 1. Food of a Barn Owl in Craighead County. Arkansas, ex-pressed as the number of individuals taken and the percent occur-rence.Prey Species Species Occurrence Percent(93) total OccurrenceSvnaptomys cooperi 50 54Sigmodon hispidis 16 17Microtus spp. 14 15Passerines 6Blarina carolinensis 4 4Oryzomys palustris 1 1Cryptotisparva 1 1Mus musculus 1 1LITERATURE CITEDBANKS,R. C. 1965. Some information from barn owl pellets. Auk MARTI.C. D. 1973. 10 Years of Barn Owl prey data from a Colorado82:506. nest site. Wilson Bull.. 85 (l):85-86.BENT. A. C. 1938. Life histories of North American birds of prey: PARMALEE. P. W. 1954. Food of the Great Horned Owl and BarnPart Two. Dover Publications, Inc. New York,N.Y. 140-153. Owlin East Texas. Auk 71:469-470.BOYD, E. M. and J. SHRINER. 1954. Nesting and food of the Barn PHILLIPS, R. C. 1947. Notes on some mammals of Hancock Co.,inHampshire Co.,Mass. Auk 71:199-201 . Ohio. J. Mamm. 28(2): 189-190.T, W. H., and R. P. GROSSENHEIDER. 1964. A fieldguide to SMITH,C. R., and M. E. RICHMOND. 1972. Factors influencingthe mammals. Houghton MifflinCo., Boston. 3rd ed. 184-186. pellet egestion and gastric ph in the Barn Owl. Wilson Bull.,179-186.GRIMM,R. J., and W. M.WHITEHOUSE. 1963. Pellet formationin a Great Horned Owl: a roentgenographic study. Auk 80:301- WALLACE,G. J. 1948. The Barn Owl in Michigan. Mich. State306. Coll. Agr.Exp. Sta. Tech. Bull.,208:1-61.JEMISON, E. S., and R. S. CHABRECK. 1962. Winter Barn Owl WILSON, K. A. 1938. Owlstudies at Ann Arbor, Michigan. Auk 55foods in a Louisiana coastal marsh. WilsonBull., 74(l):95-96. (2):187-197.KENNETHN. PAIGE, CHRIS T. McALLISTER,and C. RENN TUMLISON,Department ofBiological Science. Arkansas State University,State University. Arkansas 72467.ADDITIONS TO THE STRAWBERRY RIVER ICHTHYOFAUNAIntheir initial list of the fishes of the Strawberry River,Robison and Beadles (1974, Fishes of the Strawberry River system of northcentralArkansas, Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 28:65-70) reported 95 species of fishes inhabiting the system. Favorable climatic conditions during the past fouryears have allowed collections of fishes to be made in the lower wide stream sections of the Strawberry River where steep banks, mud substratesand normally deep pools make collecting especially difficult during most of the year. Collections in these areas during the interim have docu-mented 12 species notpreviously reported byRobison and Beadles (1974) including the least brook lamprey, Lampetra aepyptera (Abbott), chest-nut lamprey, Ichthyomyzon castaneus Girard, shovelnose sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus platornychus (Rafinesque), paddlefish, Polyodon spathulaWalbaum), gravel chub, Hybopsis x-punctata Hubbs and Crowe, fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas Rafinesque. crystal darter, Crystallaria\~Ammocrypta) asprella (Jordan), western sand darter, Ammocrypta clara Jordan and Meek, harlequin darter, Etheostoma histrio Jordan and•Inert, Ouachita darter, Percina ouachitae (Jordan and Gilbert), stargazing darter, Percina uranidea (Jordan and Gilbert), and riverdarter. Per-c'na shumardi (Girard).Robison and Beadles (1974) originally suggested that the two lamprey specimens reported from the system were Lampetra lamottei (Lesueur)ased on geographic proximityof other known localities to the Strawberry River: however, subsequent collections confirm the presence of twoditional species of lampreys. L. lamottei remains unknown from the Strawberry River system. Seven specimens of mature, breeding L.<>epyptera taken on 4-6 April1975 substantiate the presence of the least brook lamprey in the system. Collections were taken from the following'ocations: IZARDCo.: McJunckins Branch SE of Franklin (Sec. 3 and 4, R7W, T17N) (one specimen); unnamed tributary of Little Strawberry89Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 33 [1979], Art. 39Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 197990 Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol.XXXIII,1979Arkansas Academy of ScienceRiver, SE of Oxford(Sec. 30, R8W,T18N) (2);BullPen Creek, NW of Wiseman (Sec. 10. R8W, T18N) (1).SHARP Co.: Unnamed tributary ofBigCreek (Sec. 33,R5W, T16N) (3).On 15 October 1978, asingle 118 mm specimen ofIchthyomyzon castaneus was collected from the Strawberry River at St. Hwy. 115 (Sec. 17T16N, R3W), Lawrence County. The specimen was still inthe process of transforming into an adult; however, several clues to its identity werenoted including a well-developed intestine, developing bicuspid teeth in the inner circle of the oral disc and relatively large buccal funnel. Dr.George A.Moore, Oklahoma State University, kindlyverified the identification.Commercial fishermen have provided documentation of the presence ofScaphirhynchus platorynchus and Polyodon spathula near the con-fluence of the Strawberry and Black rivers where these two large river forms probably utilize the resources of the Strawberry River when condi-tions are favorable.The collection of a single specimen of Pimephales promelas, undoubtedly a bait release, was taken from the headwaters of the river ap-proximately 8mi. S.W. of Salem, Fulton County, on4 April1975. This represents the onlyrecord of this species inthe system.An excellent collecting site inLawrence County just upstream from the St. Hwy. 115 bridge (Sec. 17, T15N, R3W) 1 mi. N.of Jesup hasyielded records of the additional seven species denoted in this paper. Six collections have been made to date from this locality. A total of eightspecimens of Hybopsis x-punctata have been collected at this location over small gravel in the main current. The richness of the diversity of theHwy.115collecting site is demonstrated by the collection of a total of51 species, including 17 species of etheostomatine fishes.Fivepercid fishes are added to the stream list. Nine specimens ofCystallaria (=Ammocrypta) asprella were taken in three collections at St.Hwy. 115. A total of four Ammocrypta clara was taken over sand habitats at the Hwy. 115 location and N. of the St. Hwy. 58 bridge near Pough-keepsie. Fifteen specimens of Etheostoma histrio have been collected from the St. Hwy.115collecting locality. Forty-seven specimens of the twocryptic species, Percina ouachitae and P. uranidea, have been taken to date from the St. Hwy. 115 locality on four occasions. Specimens of theStrawberry River P. uranidea were used in the original description of the snail darter, Percina tanasi Etnier, inTennessee (Etnier, 1976, Percina(Imostoma) tanasi, a new percid fish from the LittleTennessee River,Tennessee, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 88 (44):469-488). Thirteen specimensof Percina shumardi have also been taken from the Hwy. 115 location, includinga large, 60.2 mm SL(71.1 mmTL) male specimen.With the addition of these 12 species the Strawberry River is now documented tohave 107 species. This richness in diversity is exemplary ofthe upland streams inthe Ozark physiographic province and indeed, compares withthe richest streams inNorth America.HENRY W. ROBISON, Department ofBiologicalSciences, Southern Arkansas University, Magnolia, Arkansas 71753.AGE AND GROWTH OF WHITE CRAPPIE, Pomoxis annularis RAFINESQUE, FROM A FLOOD-CREATED PONDIN MISSISSIPPI COUNTY, ARKANSASWhite Crappie, Pomoxis annularis Rafinesque, originally were found inlakes, ponds, bayous, and slow-moving streams and rivers from easternSouth Dakota to western New York and south in the Mississippi River and Gulf ofMexico drainage to Alabama and Texas. They have been intro-duced into other suitable waters (Carlander, 1977). In Arkansas, the white crappie occurs in all major rivers (Buchanan, 1973) and reservoirs(Ball,1972), comprising a significant portion of the annual sport harvest inboth (Morais, 1975). Many growth studies have been done involvingwhite crappie directly or as a sympatric species, as evidenced by the bulk of data compiled on the species byCarlander (1977). This paper de-scribes the age and growthof white crappie inButterfly Hole, a flood-created impoundment of the Mississippi River.Butterfly Hole islocated approximately 2.2 km north of Tomato, section 7, T14N, R13E, Mississippi County, Arkansas, in an area almost en-tirely devoted to farming. Butterfly Hole was formed during the Fall-Winter flooding of 1974, by flood-stage waters of the Mississippi River.Thehold covers approximately 1.5 surface acres with bottom depths ranging from 0.3 to 10.7 meters. Due to its depth, Butterfly Hole has never beendry since its creation. Many such water bodies are created with each flood period, but most are shallow and dryup during the summer monthswhen temperatures average 91°F (Ferguson and Gray, 1971).Fifty-four white crappie were collected to determine the growth characteristics of the species in Butterfly Hole, following a completerotenone killby the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission.There is littleevidence of sex differences in the growth of white crappie (Carlander, 1977). Therefore, no sexually dimorphic growth patternswere assumed to exist, and nosuch differentations were attempted.Scales forstudy were selected by the use of the "key scale" method suggested by Lagler (1956). Key scales were designated as those from anarea approximately 10 back from the head and 5 down from the lateral line along the right side of the fish. Approximately 20 scales were takenfrom each fish. Total length inmm and total weight ingrams were recorded foreach fish upon capture.Scale annuli counts were made by use of an American Optical dissecting microscope in conjunction with an American Optical Model #651.7.5 volt light source. Distances were measured on each scale using a USDA metric planners rule from focus to each annulus, and from focus toscale margin along the anterior median of each scale.The age determinations were made by counting the number of annuli. Since collection was made inlate summer, after annulus formation(Hallet al.. 1954), the age referred to herein represents the number of the last complete annulus.The length (66-356 ram)-weight (5.5-718 g)relationship was Log W =0.924 Log L+0. 134. The regression coefficient of0.924 was signifi-cantly different from 3.0 (t54 = 5.33), indicating that the weight of the crappie did not increase as the cube of length. Figure 1 further illustrate 5the rapidly decreasing rate of weigh gain of allwhite crappie within the hole, followingimpoundment (1974). , ,The coefficient of condition, K,was calculated for each of the crappie from the expression. K=-jtX 100. The coefficient for the indiviouafish ranged from 1.45 to 1.95 withan average of 1.64. The average coefficient of the Butterfly Hole crappie was higher than that reported by Wm¦acre (1952) in Crab Orchard Lake, Illinois (0.67), and higher than that reported by Witt (1952) from Lake Norfork, Missouri (1.32) and LakeTaneycomo, Missouri, (1.33). Average condition coefficients for the year classes are given inTable 1.The total length (L)- scale radius (S) relationship for the ButterflyHole crappie was L = 50.98 +48.53S with a correlation coefficient (r)of0.96. The average calculated lengths at the time of annuli formation are given in Table 2. Comparison of lengths of age-groups I,II,and I"revealed no difference at the 0.01 levelbetween the year classes 1975 through 1977. Therefore, the postimpoundment growth was the same forallthese year classes.90Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 33 [1979], Art. 39https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol33/iss1/39

Additions to the Strawberry River Ichthyofauna

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Journal of the Arkansas Academy of ScienceVolume 33 Article 391979Additions to the Strawberry River IchthyofaunaHenry W. RobisonSouthern Arkansas UniversityFollow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaasPart of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology CommonsThis article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able toread, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking priorpermission from the publisher or the author.This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the ArkansasAcademy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu, ccmiddle@uark.edu.Recommended CitationRobison, Henry W. (1979) "Additions to the Strawberry River Ichthyofauna," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 33 ,Article 39.Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol33/iss1/391<Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol.XXXIII,1979 89General NotesSigmodon, Microtus spp., and Oryzomys appear to be the major sources of food in the owls diet (Phillips, 1947; Parmalee, 1954; Jemison andChabreck, 1962; Marti, 1974). Wilson (1938) reports Synaptomys cooperi as a food item inMichigan, but it represented less than 1% of the totalprey consumed by the owl. Inthe west. Barn Owls feed primarilyonpocket gophers (Thomomys spp.) and have fed almost exclusively on pelagicbirds (mainly petrels) onislands around Baja. California (Banks. 1965).We gratefully acknowledge the help of Dr.Earl L.Hanebrink, who provided data and technical materials. We also would like tothank the Athletic Department ofArkansas State University forallowingentrance to the winter roost inthe press box at Indian Sta-dium. We are grateful to Dr.V.Rick McDaniel forcommenting on the manuscript.Table 1. Food of a Barn Owl in Craighead County. Arkansas, ex-pressed as the number of individuals taken and the percent occur-rence.Prey Species Species Occurrence Percent(93) total OccurrenceSvnaptomys cooperi 50 54Sigmodon hispidis 16 17Microtus spp. 14 15Passerines 6Blarina carolinensis 4 4Oryzomys palustris 1 1Cryptotisparva 1 1Mus musculus 1 1LITERATURE CITEDBANKS,R. C. 1965. Some information from barn owl pellets. Auk MARTI.C. D. 1973. 10 Years of Barn Owl prey data from a Colorado82:506. nest site. Wilson Bull.. 85 (l):85-86.BENT. A. C. 1938. Life histories of North American birds of prey: PARMALEE. P. W. 1954. Food of the Great Horned Owl and BarnPart Two. Dover Publications, Inc. New York,N.Y. 140-153. Owlin East Texas. Auk 71:469-470.BOYD, E. M. and J. SHRINER. 1954. Nesting and food of the Barn PHILLIPS, R. C. 1947. Notes on some mammals of Hancock Co.,inHampshire Co.,Mass. Auk 71:199-201 . Ohio. J. Mamm. 28(2): 189-190.T, W. H., and R. P. GROSSENHEIDER. 1964. A fieldguide to SMITH,C. R., and M. E. RICHMOND. 1972. Factors influencingthe mammals. Houghton MifflinCo., Boston. 3rd ed. 184-186. pellet egestion and gastric ph in the Barn Owl. Wilson Bull.,179-186.GRIMM,R. J., and W. M.WHITEHOUSE. 1963. Pellet formationin a Great Horned Owl: a roentgenographic study. Auk 80:301- WALLACE,G. J. 1948. The Barn Owl in Michigan. Mich. State306. Coll. Agr.Exp. Sta. Tech. Bull.,208:1-61.JEMISON, E. S., and R. S. CHABRECK. 1962. Winter Barn Owl WILSON, K. A. 1938. Owlstudies at Ann Arbor, Michigan. Auk 55foods in a Louisiana coastal marsh. WilsonBull., 74(l):95-96. (2):187-197.KENNETHN. PAIGE, CHRIS T. McALLISTER,and C. RENN TUMLISON,Department ofBiological Science. Arkansas State University,State University. Arkansas 72467.ADDITIONS TO THE STRAWBERRY RIVER ICHTHYOFAUNAIntheir initial list of the fishes of the Strawberry River,Robison and Beadles (1974, Fishes of the Strawberry River system of northcentralArkansas, Proc. Ark.Acad. Sci. 28:65-70) reported 95 species of fishes inhabiting the system. Favorable climatic conditions during the past fouryears have allowed collections of fishes to be made in the lower wide stream sections of the Strawberry River where steep banks, mud substratesand normally deep pools make collecting especially difficult during most of the year. Collections in these areas during the interim have docu-mented 12 species notpreviously reported byRobison and Beadles (1974) including the least brook lamprey, Lampetra aepyptera (Abbott), chest-nut lamprey, Ichthyomyzon castaneus Girard, shovelnose sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus platornychus (Rafinesque), paddlefish, Polyodon spathulaWalbaum), gravel chub, Hybopsis x-punctata Hubbs and Crowe, fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas Rafinesque. crystal darter, Crystallaria\~Ammocrypta) asprella (Jordan), western sand darter, Ammocrypta clara Jordan and Meek, harlequin darter, Etheostoma histrio Jordan and•Inert, Ouachita darter, Percina ouachitae (Jordan and Gilbert), stargazing darter, Percina uranidea (Jordan and Gilbert), and riverdarter. Per-c'na shumardi (Girard).Robison and Beadles (1974) originally suggested that the two lamprey specimens reported from the system were Lampetra lamottei (Lesueur)ased on geographic proximityof other known localities to the Strawberry River: however, subsequent collections confirm the presence of twoditional species of lampreys. L. lamottei remains unknown from the Strawberry River system. Seven specimens of mature, breeding L.<>epyptera taken on 4-6 April1975 substantiate the presence of the least brook lamprey in the system. Collections were taken from the following'ocations: IZARDCo.: McJunckins Branch SE of Franklin (Sec. 3 and 4, R7W, T17N) (one specimen); unnamed tributary of Little Strawberry89Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 33 [1979], Art. 39Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 197990 Arkansas Academy of Science Proceedings, Vol.XXXIII,1979Arkansas Academy of ScienceRiver, SE of Oxford(Sec. 30, R8W,T18N) (2);BullPen Creek, NW of Wiseman (Sec. 10. R8W, T18N) (1).SHARP Co.: Unnamed tributary ofBigCreek (Sec. 33,R5W, T16N) (3).On 15 October 1978, asingle 118 mm specimen ofIchthyomyzon castaneus was collected from the Strawberry River at St. Hwy. 115 (Sec. 17T16N, R3W), Lawrence County. The specimen was still inthe process of transforming into an adult; however, several clues to its identity werenoted including a well-developed intestine, developing bicuspid teeth in the inner circle of the oral disc and relatively large buccal funnel. Dr.George A.Moore, Oklahoma State University, kindlyverified the identification.Commercial fishermen have provided documentation of the presence ofScaphirhynchus platorynchus and Polyodon spathula near the con-fluence of the Strawberry and Black rivers where these two large river forms probably utilize the resources of the Strawberry River when condi-tions are favorable.The collection of a single specimen of Pimephales promelas, undoubtedly a bait release, was taken from the headwaters of the river ap-proximately 8mi. S.W. of Salem, Fulton County, on4 April1975. This represents the onlyrecord of this species inthe system.An excellent collecting site inLawrence County just upstream from the St. Hwy. 115 bridge (Sec. 17, T15N, R3W) 1 mi. N.of Jesup hasyielded records of the additional seven species denoted in this paper. Six collections have been made to date from this locality. A total of eightspecimens of Hybopsis x-punctata have been collected at this location over small gravel in the main current. The richness of the diversity of theHwy.115collecting site is demonstrated by the collection of a total of51 species, including 17 species of etheostomatine fishes.Fivepercid fishes are added to the stream list. Nine specimens ofCystallaria (=Ammocrypta) asprella were taken in three collections at St.Hwy. 115. A total of four Ammocrypta clara was taken over sand habitats at the Hwy. 115 location and N. of the St. Hwy. 58 bridge near Pough-keepsie. Fifteen specimens of Etheostoma histrio have been collected from the St. Hwy.115collecting locality. Forty-seven specimens of the twocryptic species, Percina ouachitae and P. uranidea, have been taken to date from the St. Hwy. 115 locality on four occasions. Specimens of theStrawberry River P. uranidea were used in the original description of the snail darter, Percina tanasi Etnier, inTennessee (Etnier, 1976, Percina(Imostoma) tanasi, a new percid fish from the LittleTennessee River,Tennessee, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 88 (44):469-488). Thirteen specimensof Percina shumardi have also been taken from the Hwy. 115 location, includinga large, 60.2 mm SL(71.1 mmTL) male specimen.With the addition of these 12 species the Strawberry River is now documented tohave 107 species. This richness in diversity is exemplary ofthe upland streams inthe Ozark physiographic province and indeed, compares withthe richest streams inNorth America.HENRY W. ROBISON, Department ofBiologicalSciences, Southern Arkansas University, Magnolia, Arkansas 71753.AGE AND GROWTH OF WHITE CRAPPIE, Pomoxis annularis RAFINESQUE, FROM A FLOOD-CREATED PONDIN MISSISSIPPI COUNTY, ARKANSASWhite Crappie, Pomoxis annularis Rafinesque, originally were found inlakes, ponds, bayous, and slow-moving streams and rivers from easternSouth Dakota to western New York and south in the Mississippi River and Gulf ofMexico drainage to Alabama and Texas. They have been intro-duced into other suitable waters (Carlander, 1977). In Arkansas, the white crappie occurs in all major rivers (Buchanan, 1973) and reservoirs(Ball,1972), comprising a significant portion of the annual sport harvest inboth (Morais, 1975). Many growth studies have been done involvingwhite crappie directly or as a sympatric species, as evidenced by the bulk of data compiled on the species byCarlander (1977). This paper de-scribes the age and growthof white crappie inButterfly Hole, a flood-created impoundment of the Mississippi River.Butterfly Hole islocated approximately 2.2 km north of Tomato, section 7, T14N, R13E, Mississippi County, Arkansas, in an area almost en-tirely devoted to farming. Butterfly Hole was formed during the Fall-Winter flooding of 1974, by flood-stage waters of the Mississippi River.Thehold covers approximately 1.5 surface acres with bottom depths ranging from 0.3 to 10.7 meters. Due to its depth, Butterfly Hole has never beendry since its creation. Many such water bodies are created with each flood period, but most are shallow and dryup during the summer monthswhen temperatures average 91°F (Ferguson and Gray, 1971).Fifty-four white crappie were collected to determine the growth characteristics of the species in Butterfly Hole, following a completerotenone killby the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission.There is littleevidence of sex differences in the growth of white crappie (Carlander, 1977). Therefore, no sexually dimorphic growth patternswere assumed to exist, and nosuch differentations were attempted.Scales forstudy were selected by the use of the "key scale" method suggested by Lagler (1956). Key scales were designated as those from anarea approximately 10 back from the head and 5 down from the lateral line along the right side of the fish. Approximately 20 scales were takenfrom each fish. Total length inmm and total weight ingrams were recorded foreach fish upon capture.Scale annuli counts were made by use of an American Optical dissecting microscope in conjunction with an American Optical Model #651.7.5 volt light source. Distances were measured on each scale using a USDA metric planners rule from focus to each annulus, and from focus toscale margin along the anterior median of each scale.The age determinations were made by counting the number of annuli. Since collection was made inlate summer, after annulus formation(Hallet al.. 1954), the age referred to herein represents the number of the last complete annulus.The length (66-356 ram) - weight (5.5 - 718 g)relationship was Log W =0.924 Log L+0. 134. The regression coefficient of0.924 was signifi-cantly different from 3.0 (t54 = 5.33), indicating that the weight of the crappie did not increase as the cube of length. Figure 1 further illustrate 5the rapidly decreasing rate of weigh gain of allwhite crappie within the hole, followingimpoundment (1974). , ,The coefficient of condition, K,was calculated for each of the crappie from the expression. K=-jtX 100. The coefficient for the indiviouafish ranged from 1.45 to 1.95 withan average of 1.64. The average coefficient of the Butterfly Hole crappie was higher than that reported by Wm¦acre (1952) in Crab Orchard Lake, Illinois (0.67), and higher than that reported by Witt (1952) from Lake Norfork, Missouri (1.32) and LakeTaneycomo, Missouri, (1.33). Average condition coefficients for the year classes are given inTable 1.The total length (L)- scale radius (S) relationship for the ButterflyHole crappie was L = 50.98 +48.53S with a correlation coefficient (r)of0.96. The average calculated lengths at the time of annuli formation are given in Table 2. Comparison of lengths of age-groups I,II,and I"revealed no difference at the 0.01 levelbetween the year classes 1975 through 1977. Therefore, the postimpoundment growth was the same forallthese year classes.90Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 33 [1979], Art. 39http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol33/iss1/39

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Additions to the Strawberry River Ichthyofauna

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