The aim of this study is to optimize the shape of the skylights in order to enhance daylighting. Rhino, Diva, Grasshopper, and Galapagos are the softwares utilized to test differing shapes on top and bottom of the shaft of the skylight, and the findings show preference to those with beneficial impacts on Spatial daylighting autonomy (sDA) of greater than 55% and Annual Solar Exposure (ASE) of less than 10%. Selecting metrics within the above parameters result in optimal skylight geometry with highest daylighting output. The initial purpose of the experiment was to optimize the design of the skylight shaft with the goal of providing the best distribution of daylight while minimizing potential for glare; however, it appears that this shaping may have negligible effects on how the skylight performs as long as the sDA is greater than 55%

Hill, Rosemary

Hosseini Nezhad, Razieh

McDaniel-Harpster, Ashley

Papaefthimiou, Nicholas

English

PDXScholar (Portland State University)

Portland State UniversityPDXScholarStudent Research Symposium Student Research Symposium 2018May 2nd, 11:00 AM - 1:00 PMDaylighting Optimization Study: Rock Creek High SchoolCommons Skylight OptimizationRazieh Hosseini NezhadPortland State University, razieh@pdx.eduAshley McDaniel-Harpstermcdan3@pdx.eduNicholas PapaefthimiouPortland State University, ndp4@pdx.eduRosemary HillPortland State University, rhill@pdx.eduLet us know how access to this document benefits you.Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/studentsymposiumPart of the Architecture CommonsThis Event is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Research Symposium by an authorizedadministrator of PDXScholar. For more information, please contact pdxscholar@pdx.edu.Hosseini Nezhad, Razieh; McDaniel-Harpster, Ashley; Papaefthimiou, Nicholas; and Hill, Rosemary, "Daylighting OptimizationStudy: Rock Creek High School Commons Skylight Optimization" (2018). Student Research Symposium. 2.https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/studentsymposium/2018/Poster/2Architects: Heather McGinn, Jacob Peel, Nick McFaddenPSU M.Arch Students: Razieh Hosseini Nezhad and Ashley McDaniel-HarpsterPSU School of Architecture Advisors:Nicholas Papaefthimiou, Rosemary HillProject Overview:Rock Creek High School Location: 14897 SE Parklane Dr., Happy Valley, OR. Year of Completion: 2010Square Footage: 123,000 square feetOccupancy: 860ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to optimize the shape of the skylights in order to enhance daylighting. Rhino, Diva, Grasshopper, and Galapagos are the softwares utilized to test differing shapes on top and bottom of the shaft of the skylight, and the findings show preference to those with beneficial impacts on Spatial daylighting autonomy (sDA) of greater than 55% and Annual Solar Exposure (ASE) of less than 10%. Selecting metrics within the above parameters result in optimal skylight geometry with highest daylighting output. The initial purpose of the experiment was to optimize the design of the skylight shaft with the goal of providing the best distribution of daylight while minimizing potential for glare; however, it appears that this shaping may have negligible effects on how the skylight performs as long as the sDA is greater than 55%ConclusionThe results of the study confirmed the use of these various programs helped in making informed design decisions. In this study, Rhino is used as the primary modeling environment, Diva simulates and analyses the daylighting and Grasshopper is utilized to edit an algorithm that automates geometric parameters and simulation inputs according to preferable analysis results. Galapagos produced a multitude of configurations for skylight design and daylighting options. Applying these pa-rameters to the design narrows the scope of options, and provide the user direction, viability and possibility. The results from the research and simulations aid in the process of creating volumetric design and an engaging daylighting typology that is aesthetically appealing.  The softwares enable the room to easily attain an adequate sDA value, but made it difficult to achieve an acceptable ASE value since the ASE values would have been higher than 10%. The initial purpose of the experi-ment was to optimize the design of the skylight shaft with the goal of providing the best distribution of daylight while minimiz-ing potential for glare; however, it appears that this shaping may have negligible effects on how the skylight performs as long as sDA is greater than 55%.  Based on the findings, it was concluded to use other means such a fritted glass to reduce the percentage of ASE. Daylighting Optimization StudyRock Creek High School Commons Skylight OptimizationSimulationsExposure to Direct SunBottom OpeningThe algorithm tests differing shapes on bottom of the shaft of the skylight, and shows preference to those with beneficial impacts on sDA and ASE.Top OpeningThe algorithm tests differing shapes on top of the shaft of the skylight, and shows preference to those with beneficial impacts on sDA and ASE.Daylight Autonomy (sDA300/50%)A percentage of regularly occupied floor area that receives 300 lux or greater from the sun 50% of the time between 8 am and 6 pm.• LEED v4 sets minimum sDA at 55%• Objective: maximize sDAAnnual Solar Exposure (ASE)A percentage of regularly occupied floor area that receives 1000 lux or greater from the sun 250 hours or more annually.• LEED v4 sets maximum ASE at 10%• Objective: minimize ASEMethodology TimelineCollaboration TimelineMeeting with BORA   Simulation Results Comparison   Based on sDA and ASE Material Studies - Build Rhino Skylight Models- Direct Sun Exposure Section - sDA Simulation- Final Report- Poster - Timeline DueDraft Poster DueWeek 1 Week 2 Week 4Week 3 Week 5 Week 6 Week 8 Comparative AnalysisWeek 7 Week 9 Week 10Software Tutorial Software Acquisition Development  Skill Building Research Skylight Proposal and Simulation Data Collection and Analysis Presentation   1/29/18- Met with Bora- Proposed different skylight    types for the Commons   1/12/18- Met with Bora- Project goals for     the term   1/15/18   Holiday- Sent our objective Draft    via Email  1/22/18- Met with Bora- Grasshopper intro    1/26/18 - Met with Bora   - Grasshopper       tutorial   2/5/18- Met with Bora- Presented 3 different skylight   models in Rhino- The direct sun exposure and sDA simula    tions  2/12/18- Met with Bora- Presented sections of the proposed    skylights including the direct sun exposure  2/13/18- Met with Nicholas and  Rosemary- Timeline and literature review   2/19/18- Met with Bora- Presented Grasshopper and    Galapagos simulations and data  2/26/18- Met with Bora- Presented 5 skylights   iterations  3/5/18- Met with Bora- Poster review  3/13/18- Met with Nicholas and  Rosemary- Research paperand poster review    2/23/18- Met with Bora- Presented CSV files of the data- Applying the skylight to the actual space- Grasshopper and Galapagos   Data Collection- Iterative Simulation0173350678310004283125157208250Overlit Areas(Potential for Glare)sDA : 59.7%% area > 300 luxtarget: > 55%ASE : 52.6%% Area > 1000 luxExisting Commons(Without Skylight)Curtain Wall (West) Winter Solstice December 21 Summer Solstice  June 21Altitude at 12:00 pmAltitude at 12:00 pm21°63° Winter Solstice December 21  Daylight Autonomy(DA537lux[50%]): 85% Fall Equinox March 20Summer Solstice  June 21 8 Am12 pm 4 pm01733506783100Horizontal Skylight Winter Solstice December 21 Summer Solstice  June 21 Daylight Autonomy(DA537lux[50%]): 61%  Winter Solstice December 21 Fall Equinox March 20Summer Solstice  June 21 8 Am12 pm 4 pm01733506783100Vertical Skylight Winter Solstice December 21 Summer Solstice  June 21 Daylight Autonomy(DA537lux[50%]): 42%  Winter Solstice December 21 Fall Equinox March 20Summer Solstice  June 21 8 Am12 pm 4 pm01733506783100Sawtooth SkylightSkylight IterationsTimeline #1 RESULTS #2 RESULTS #3 RESULTS #4 RESULTS  #7 RESULTS  #8 RESULTS #6 RESULTS #5 RESULTSCurtain Wall (West)0173350678310004283125157208250Overlit Areas(Potential for Glare)sDA : 100%% area > 300 luxtarget: > 55%ASE : 89.6%% Area > 1000 lux #5  IterationCurtain Wall (West)0173350678310004283125157208250Overlit Areas(Potential for Glare)sDA : 99%% area > 300 luxtarget: > 55%ASE : 91.7%% Area > 1000 lux #4  IterationCurtain Wall (West)0173350678310004283125157208250Overlit Areas(Potential for Glare)sDA : 98.4%% area > 300 luxtarget: > 55%ASE : 81.2%% Area > 1000 lux #3  IterationCurtain Wall (West)0173350678310004283125157208250Overlit Areas(Potential for Glare)sDA : 98.2%% area > 300 luxtarget: > 55%ASE : 81.2%% Area > 1000 lux #2  IterationCurtain Wall (West)0173350678310004283125157208250Overlit Areas(Potential for Glare)sDA : 98.4%% area > 300 luxtarget: > 55%ASE : 82.8%% Area > 1000 lux #1  Iteration01020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 10110510911301020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 101051015202530354045501 4 7 101316192225283134374043464952555861646770737679828588919497051015202530354045501 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 101105 01020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97051015202530354045501 4 7 101316192225283134374043464952555861646770737679828588919497051015202530354045501 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 101105 01020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 970102030405060701 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 1011050204060801001201 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 1011050102030405060701 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 101105Simulation CountSimulation CountSimulation CountResulting sDA %Simulation CountResulting ASE % Bottom Opening ValueSimulation CountSimulation CountTop  Opening Value Bottom Opening ValueTop  Opening Value Bottom Opening ValueTop  Opening Value Bottom Opening ValueTop  Opening Value Bottom Opening ValueTop  Opening Value Bottom Opening ValueTop  Opening Value Bottom Opening ValueTop  Opening Value Bottom Opening ValueTop  Opening ValueSimulation CountResulting sDA %Simulation CountResulting ASE %Simulation CountSimulation CountSimulation CountResulting sDA %Simulation CountResulting ASE %Simulation CountSimulation CountSimulation CountResulting sDA %Simulation CountResulting ASE %Simulation CountSimulation CountSimulation CountResulting sDA %Simulation CountResulting ASE %Simulation CountSimulation CountSimulation CountResulting sDA %Simulation CountResulting ASE %Simulation CountSimulation Count Simulation CountResulting sDA %Resulting ASE %Simulation CountSimulation CountSimulation CountSimulation CountResulting sDA %Resulting ASE %Simulation Count0102030405060701 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 1011050102030405060701 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 1011050510152025303540451 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 101105051015202530354045501 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 10110501020304050607080901 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 1011050510152025303540451 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 10110501020304050607080901001 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 10110510911301020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 10110510911301020304050607080901001 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 10110510911301020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 10110510911301020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 10101020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 101051015202530354045501 4 7 101316192225283134374043464952555861646770737679828588919497051015202530354045501 4 7 10131619222528313437404346495255586164677073767982858891949701020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97051015202530354045501 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 9701020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 10110510911301020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 10110510911301020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 1010102030405060701 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 10110501020304050601 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97 1011051091130123456789100123456789100123456789100123456789100123456789100123456789100123456789101234567891001234567891001234567891001234567891012345678910012345678910012345678910012345678910012345678910GRASSHOPPERModel Test ParametersDIVAEvaluate Performance RHINOModel ContextGALAPAGOSEvolutionary Based Algorithmic Solver 2.78 x 2.63 2.02 x 4.840.7 x 4.2234% 4% 3.56 x 4.2981%30% 

Daylighting Optimization Study: Rock Creek High School Commons Skylight Optimization

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Daylighting Optimization Study: Rock Creek High School Commons Skylight Optimization

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