Personalism: Historical Roots and Geographical Dispersion

Abstract

U radu se tematiziraju povijesni izvori i geografska rasprostanjenost personalizma. Iako korijeni personalističke filozofije po nekima sežu do antike, uobičajen je stav da je koncept osobe razvijen u susretu grčke filozofije i novog, kršćanskog načina razmišljanja. Na europskom kontinentu personalizam se obično veže uz tri škole: francusku u Parizu, njemačku u Göttingenu i Freiburgu te poljsku u Lublinu. U Francuskoj personalizam nije bio samo filozofski pravac, nego je imao brojne sljedbenike u različitim personalističkim pokretima. Personalizam je imao odjek i u drugim europskim državama. Ukazuje se i na okolnost da se je personalizam snažno razvio i na američkom kontinentu, a razvidna je njegova prisutnost i u mnogim drugim krajevima svijeta. Duboke povijesne korijene i široku rasprostranjenost personalizma autori u zaključku vide kao neke od karakteristika personalizma značajne za prijemčivost i predestiniranost širokog prihvata personalističkih ideja nakon Drugog svjetskog rata, osobito u kontekstu svjetskog sporazuma o ljudskim pravima te poslijeratnog ujedinjenja Europe.This paper examines the historical origins and geographical dispersion of personalism. The roots of personalistic philosophy can be traced back to antiquity, although the usual assumption is that the concept of the person developed through the collision between Greek philosophy and a new, Christian way of thinking. In Europe, personalism is commonly associated with three schools: the French school originating in Paris, the German stemming from Göttingen and Freiburg and the Polish from Lublin. In France personalism was not only a philosophical direction, but it had numerous followers in various personalistic movements. The reverberations of personalism were also felt in other European countries. The authors point out that personalism developed strongly on the American continent as well, and there is evidence of the same in many other parts of the world. The deep historical roots and extensive dispersion of personalism are perceived by the authors to be the key features affecting the receptivity of and predetermining the widespread acceptance of personalistic ideas after World War II, especially in the context of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the post–war unification of Europe