The aim of this study was to detect the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria (N.) gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma (M.) hominis, M. genitalium, Ureaplasma (U.) urealyticum, and Trichomonas (T.) vaginalis in patients with resistant discharge. The study also evaluated the concordance of the diagnostic tests. Samples from 156 patients were tested by direct microscopy and culture for T. vaginalis and Mycoplasma IES for M. hominis and U. urealyticum. Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to determine the presence of six agents. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS program. Out of 156 patients, 38 had positive result for the agents tested. Of these 38 patients, 28 (73.7%) had single agent positivity and 10 (26.3%) had multiple agent positivity. The detection rate of U. urealyticum, M. hominis, N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis, T. vaginalis, M. genitalium specifically was 10.3%, 9.6%, 6.4%, 3.2%, 2.6%, 0.6% respectively. N. gonorrhoeae and U. urealyticum were the most common in male patients, while M. hominis and U. urealyticum were mostly found in female patients. Different methods used for detecting T. vaginalis were compared to find that interrater reliability was perfect for culture-direct microscopy (κ:0.85; P<0.001) and also for culture-PCR (κ:0.89; P<0.001). The interrater reliability was moderate (κ:0.53; P<0.001) for PCR-Mycoplasma IES test for M. hominis and fair (κ:0.21; P<0.007) for U. urealyticum. U. urealyticum and M. hominis were among the most commonly found sexually transmitted infections (STI) agents in patients with resistant discharge. Multiple agent positivity was high and should be kept in mind in every STI case. </p
