Despite its enormous practical success, many physicists and philosophers alike agree that the
quantum theory is full of contradictions and paradoxes which are difficult to solve consistently.
Even after 90 years, the experts themselves still do not all agree what to make of it. The area of
disagreement centers primarily around the problem of describing observations. Formally, the socalled
quantum measurement problem can be defined as follows: the result of a measurement is a
superposition of vectors, each representing the quantity being observed as having one of its
possible values
