New records are presented based on a collection of Campylopus specimens made by the second author in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. The austral species Campylopus clavatus (R. Brown) Wils. in Hook. and Campylopus vesticaulis Mitt. are reported for the first time for Africa, and Campylopus acuminatus Mitt. var. kirkii (Mitt.) J.-P. Frahm is recorded for the second time for Africa. Campylopus arctocarpus (Hornsch.) Mitt. ssp. madegassus (Besch.) J.-P. Frahm is reported for the first time for the Republic of South Africa, and this is the southernmost record of this species. Campylopus simii Schelpe is not synonymous with C. julaceus Jaeg. ssp. arbogastii (Ren. & Card.) J.-P. Frahm but combined here as new as a variety of C. pilifer Brid

Frahm, Jan-Peter

Hedderson, Terry

English

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111TROPICAL BRYOLOGY 25  (2004)Campylopus records from South AfricaTropical Bryology 25: 111-115, 2004New and interesting Campylopus records from South AfricaJan-Peter Frahm1 & Terry Hedderson21 Nees Institut für Biodiversität der Pflanzen, Universität Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 170, D53115 Bonn, Germany2 Bolus Herbarium, Department of Botany, University of Cape Town, Private Bag,Rondebosch 7701, South AfricaSummary:  New records are presented based on a collection of Campylopus specimens made by thesecond author  in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. . The austral species Campylopusclavatus (R. Brown) Wils. in Hook. and Campylopus vesticaulis Mitt. are reported for the first timefor Africa, and Campylopus acuminatus Mitt. var. kirkii (Mitt.) J.-P. Frahm is recorded for the secondtime for Africa. Campylopus arctocarpus (Hornsch.) Mitt. ssp. madegassus (Besch.) J.-P. Frahm isreported for the first time for the Republic of South Africa, and this is the southernmost record of thisspecies. Campylopus simii Schelpe is not synonymous with C. julaceus Jaeg. ssp. arbogastii (Ren.& Card.) J.-P. Frahm but combined here as new as a variety of C. pilifer Brid.IntroductionThe Campylopus flora of South Africa was firsttreated by Sim (1926) in the first survey of themoss flora of the country.  Although Sim listed21 species of Campylopus, and the presentnumber of species is 27, Sim treated fewer thanhalf of the species currently recognised sincemany were treated under up to three differentnames, which are regarded today merely asmodifications of the same species.Fifty five years later, Magill (1981) provided anew treatment of the genus in his flora ofSouthern Africa, reducing the species number to12. Frahm (1985) provided a revision of all Africanspecies of the genus.  This survey of theCampylopus flora of the whole continent as wellas experiences from revisions of the Campylopusflora of many other parts of the world revealedagain major nomenclatural alterations. Thespecies number in South Africa was raised to 24,which was again raised by subsequent additions(Frahm 1994a, 1998) to 26 (of which only half thenumber were identical with the species listed bySim).In the present paper we present some resultsbased on specimens of Campylopus collectedby the second author in the Western Capeprovince of South Africa between 2000 and 2002,and identified by the first author.  Although theCape Province has received attention bybryophyte collectors over the past hundred112TROPICAL BRYOLOGY 25  (2004)Frahm & Heddersonyears, mainly because of its endemic or australelements, the identification revealed several newrecords either for Africa (marked with **) or theRepublic of South Africa (marked with *).  Weprovide additional notes on taxa that have beennomenclaturally misconstrued or that have beenpoorly known in the Cape.  To clarify thetaxonomic and nomenclatural confusion, tablesare provided in the appendix, which comparesthe currently accepted names of species withthose from the previous literature.  In a futurepublication we will provide keys and detaileddistributional information for all members of thegenus in South Africa.List of speciesAll collecting numbers are those of the secondauthor, and specimens have been deposited inBOL.Campylopus acuminatus Mitt. var. kirkii (Mitt.)J.-P. Frahm Cape Peninsula, Oliphantsbos Bay.12801.The second record of this austral species forSouth Africa and Africa in general.  The first wasmade by Lübenau in 1990 in the same region(Frahm 1994a).  The range includes Australia, NewZealand and Patagonia.*Campylopus arctocarpus (Hornsch.) Mitt. ssp.madegassus (Besch.) J.-P. Frahm Cape Peninsula,Table Mountain, Window Gorge 13341 det.Hedderson teste FrahmNew to South Africa. The former known rangeincluded Madagascar, Comores, Seychelles,Mauritius, Reunion, Tristan d´Acunha, Tanzaniaand Malawi (Frahm 1985).Campylopus atroluteus (C. Müll.) Par.13062, ,13108, 13118, , 13352, 13469, 13610, 13622,13626, 13699, 14450, 14499This species was reduced to the rank of asubspecies of C. bicolor by Frahm (1985),because it seemed to differ from that species onlyin the narrower leaf apices.  Recent molecularstudies (Stech unpubl.) revealed that the two arereciprocally monophyletic and that the geneticdistance between them is characteristic of thatbetween species. C. atroluteus may therefore beregarded once again as a separate species. Inanatomical and morphological respects it is,however, closely related to C. bicolor andapparently a vicariant of the latter.  The moleculardata suggest that there is no gene exchangebetween the populations in South Africa andAustralia/New Zealand, possibly as a result of along lasting separation.In the Western CapeCampylopus atroluteusoccupies a very narrow range from the Cedarbergsouth to the mountains of the Cape peninsulaand eastward to the Kooelberg.  It is also reportedfrom Lesotho.(Hodgetts et al, 1999), which needsconfirmation.Campylopus bartramiaceus (C. Müll.) Par. 13122,13515, 13615This taxon was erroneously placed in synonymywith C. nivalis (Brid.) Brid. by Frahm (1999) withreference to Frahm (1985:35), where C.bartramiaceus was, however, treated as goodspecies. Its range is confined to South Africa,from the Cape Peninsula to Transvaal.Campylopus cambouei  Ren. & Card. in Ren.13121, 13647, 13656A very inconspicuous, small, tropical Africanspecies ranging to South Africa.Campylopus catarractilis (C. Müll.) Par.  13738,13702, 13604, 14464A species closely related to the australly-distributed C. incrassatus C. Müll.  It wasdescribed from South Africa, but is found also inMadagascar and Australia.**Campylopus clavatus (R. Brown) Wils. inHook. Ceres District, Cederberg: Algeria ForestStation13060, Zuurvlakte below Apex Peak 13110.New to Africa. An austral species widespreadfrom Patagonia through the subantarctic islandsto southern Australia, Tasmania and NewZealand.  Given other austral species occurringin South Africa with a similar world range (C.acuminatus, atroluteus, catarractilis,introflexus), this species had to be expected.13110 is a blackish form, which is characteristicfor wet habitats and found in other species ofthe genus.113TROPICAL BRYOLOGY 25  (2004)Campylopus records from South AfricaCampylopus pilifer Brid.var. pilifervar. simii  comb. et stat. nov.Campylopus simii Schelpe, Mem. bot. surv. S.Afr. 43:5, 19179.Campylopus pseudojulaceus Sim, Trans. R. Soc.S. Afr. 15: 169, 1926, hom. illeg.13119, 13097, 13093, 13682, 13109, 13809, 1360,14481, 13619, 13089, 13037The plants are small and stunted. The leaves areshort, broadly ovate, and contracted into theacumen, which can be almost subcucullate,epilose or have a short hair point.  The upperlaminal cells are generally comparably short andvary in the length-width ratio between 2:1 and3:1. The length of the laminal cells varies with theleaf length and shape.Such plants were described and illustrated bySim  (1926) as C. pseudojulaceus hom. illeg. andas C. simii by Magill (1981) but later included byFrahm (1985) in C. julaceus ssp. arbogastii. Inleaf shape, the plants resemble Campylopusjulaceus ssp. arbogasti, indeed, however, thecostae have lamellae 4 cells high in transversesection but only 1-2 in C. julaceus ssp.arbogastii. They seem therefore to belong to C.pilifer and need recognition at an infraspecificlevel. Since the differences concern mainly leafshape and shorter laminal cells, whilst otherwisethe plants fall into the range of C. pilifer, it istreated here as a variety of the latter, which seemsto be endemic to South Africa.Campylopus praetermissus J.-P. Frahm13809, 13354A species widespread but scattered throughtropical Africa, recorded before from South Africaas C. sylvaticus Rehm. nom. nud.Campylopus pseudobicolor C. Müll. ex Ren. &Card,.13085, 13242A somewhat dubious taxon described fromMadagascar and also reported from South Africawhich resembles much C. atroluteus (C. bicolorssp. atroluteus) but lacks the cucullate leaf apicesand has smaller ventral hyalocysts in transversesection of the costa.Campylopus pyriformis (Schultz) Brid.13318, 13871A species widely distributed in the temperatesouthern hemisphere, swamps in central Africa(as C. paludicola Broth.), SE North America andwestern Europe.Campylopus thwaitesii (Mitt.) Jaeg.13592, 13497, 13486This species was described from South Africaunder the name C. stenopelma (C. Müll.) Rehm.ex Par. Later, the identity with the Brazilian C.controversus became clear (Frahm 1994b), whichresulting in an apparent disjunction between SE-Brazil – SE-Africa. Finally, C. thwaitesii from SriLanka was revealed to be the same species, beingthe oldest name (Frahm 1998).  Thus this speciesshows a perfect Gondwana-range.**Campylopus vesticaulis Mitt. Ceres District,Cederberg, Zuurvlakte below Apex Peak 13100,13101.New to Africa. Another austral species, whichwas formerly known from New Zealand, St.Helena, Patagonia, Falkland and Juan FernandezIslands.ReferencesFrahm, J.-P. 1985. Afrikanische Campylopus-Arten. Bryoph. Bibl. 31.Frahm, J.-P. 1994a. Taxonomische Notizen zurGattung  Campylopus XVI. NovaHedwigia 59: 147-155.Frahm, J.-P. 1994b. The affinities between theCampylopus floras of Sri Lanka andMadagascar – or: which speciessurvived on Noah´s arc. Hikobia 11: 371-376.Frahm, J.-P. 1998. Taxonomische Notizen zurGattung  Campylopus XVII.Cryptogamie, Bryol. Lichénol. 19: 27-34.Frahm, J.-P. 1999. A type catalogue ofCampylopodioideae andParaleucobryoideae (Musci,Dicranaceae), Part II, Campylopus.Tropical Bryology 16: 17-102.114TROPICAL BRYOLOGY 25  (2004)Frahm & HeddersonHerzog, T. 1926. Geographie der Moose. Jena(Fischer).Magill, R.E. 1981. Flora of Southern Africa.Bryophyta Part 1 Mosses. Fasc. 1Sphagnaceae – Grimmiaceae. Pretoria,291 pp.Sim, T.R. 1926. The Bryophyta of South Africa.Transactions of the Royal Society ofSoiuth Africa. Vol. XV, 475 pp.Appendix 1: Currently accepted names ofCampylopus species given in Sim (1926):Sim (1926) Current  useatroluteus bartramiaceusbewsii piliferbicolor pseudobicolorcatarractilis catarractilischlorophyllosus atroluteuschlorotrichus thwaitesiiechinatus introflexusedwardsii flaccidusgriseolus piliferinchangae robillardeiintroflexus introflexuslepidophyllus introflexusleptotrichaceus pyriformislongescens robillardeinanus Dicranella subsubulatapseudojulaceus pilifer var. simiipulvinatus catarractilispurpurascens piliferstenopelma thwaitesiisymonsii bicolor var. ericeticolatrichodes piliferAppendix 2: Currently accepted names ofCampylopus species given in Magill (1981):Magill (1981) Current useampliretis flaccidusatroluteus atroluteusbequaertii savannarumdelagoae savannaruminchangae robillardeiintroflexus introflexuspallidus pyriformispilifer piliferprocerus jamesoniisimii pilifer var.stenopelma thwaitesiisubchlorophyllosus Sphaerothecium s.115TROPICAL BRYOLOGY 25  (2004)Campylopus records from South AfricaAppendix 3: Currently accepted list of Campylopus species recorded from South Africa (compiledfrom Frahm 1985, modified).Sim (1926)acuminatus var. kirkii1arctocarpus ssp.madegassus*atroluteusaureonitensbartramiaceuscamboueicarolinae2catarractilisclavatus*decaryiiflaccidusfragilishensiihildebrandtiintroflexusjamesoniinanophyllusnivalisperpusilluspiliferpilifer var. simii (julaceus ssp.arbogastii)praetermissuspseudobicolorpyriformisrobillardeisavannarumthwaitesii (stenopelma)vesticaulis*SphaerotheciumsubchlorophyllosumMagill (1981)chlorophyllosussymonsii, flavescens,hygrometricusatroluteuscatarractilisedwardsiilepidophyllus, echinatus,introflexusechernieriMicrocampylopus p.bewsii, griseolus,purpurascenspseudojulaceusleptotrichaceuslongescenssubstenopelmastenopelma, chlorotrichusatroluteuspilifer p.pte.?in atroluteusampliretisintroflexusprocerusMicrocampylopus p.pilifersimiipallidusinchangaedelagoae, bequaertiistenopelmasubchlorophyllosus1 collected in the Harold Porter Botanical Garden, Betty´s Bay, by Lübenau (Frahm 1994a).2 collected in Venda, Thonder Forest, by Lübenau (Frahm 1998).* species newly recorded for (South) Africa here.116TROPICAL BRYOLOGY 25  (2004)Frahm & Hedderson

A type catalogue of Campylopodioideae and Paraleucobryoideae (Musci,

Flora of Southern Africa.

Geographie der Moose.

Taxonomische Notizen zur Gattung Campylopus XVI.

Taxonomische Notizen zur Gattung Campylopus XVII.

The affinities between the Campylopus floras of Sri Lanka and Madagascar – or: which species survived on Noah´s arc.

The Bryophyta of South Africa.

New and interesting Campylopus records from South Africa

New and interesting Campylopus records from South Africa

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