Cryphaea hortonae Y. León. is decribed as new from Bolivia. It is next related to C. filiformis but differs by the leaf shape and the length of the awn of ther perichaetial leaves

León V., Yelitza

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77Tropical Bryology 14: 77-80, 1998Cryphaea hortonae, a new species of mosses from BoliviaYelitza León V.Centro Jardín Botánico, Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad de Los Andes. Mérida, Vene-zuela.Abstract. Cryphaea hortonae  Y. León. is decribed as new from Bolivia. It is next related to C.filiformis but differs by the leaf shape and the length of the awn of ther perichaetial leaves.IntroductionWhile working on the revision of the genusCryphaea  Mohr. for the northern Andes, anapparently undescribed species was foundamongst specimens from Bolivia.Even though there have been more than 20species described from the northern Andes, allof them fall into 5 species (León, 1995).Cryphaea hortonae  is very distict from the otherspecies (C. boliviana  Sch. ex Britt. C. jamesoniTayl., C. pilifera  Mitt., C. ramosa ( Mitt.) Wils,C. polycarpa, Schimp. ex Besch. ) by the capsulessurrounded by perichaetial leaves ending in ashort apiculus.The species closest related to C. hortonae seemsto be Cryphaea filiformis  which is distributed inthe Caribbean, coastal South America, CentralAmerica and Southern Florida (Manuel, 1973;1981).  This type of distribution suggestsdispersal via the Caribbean arc (Delgadillo, 1990)(Leon, 1995), while C. hortonae  seems to beendemic for the province of Inquisivi in Bolivia.The two species have perichaetial leaves withprorulose cells at the shoulders  However, C.filiformis  differs from C.  hortonae  in the lenghtof the awn of the perichaetial leaves and in thedifferent shapes of the leaf apex. Cryphaeahortonae  has vegetative leaves with a roundedapex. while  C. filiformis  has an acute apex.  Thespores are very densely papillose similar to thoseof C. filiformis..From the material from South America and othermaterial from North America, Africa, Europe andJapan it seems that the specvies within the genusCryphaea can be arranged into two groups.One group includes C. jamesoni, C, pilifera, C.ramosa, C. polycarpa, (Andes), C. tenella,(Southern South America), C. attenuata (CentralAmerica). It is characterized by ovate-lanceolatevegetative leaves and a costa ending in oneelongated cell. Perichaetial leaves with all cellssmooth and elongated and ending in a piliferousawn.The other group includes C. glomerata (North78America), C. filiformis (Caribbean), C. hetero-malla (North America and Europe), C.obvatocarpa (Japan), C. hortonae  (Bolivia) C.leucocoleum ( Uruguay). The species in thisgroup have ovate leaves with the apex ending atright angle or rounded, costa ending in two rowsof rounded or ovate cells, perichaetial leaves withor without prorula, ovate upper cells, piliferousor apiculose awns.Cryphaea hortonae Y. León sp. nov. (fig. 1,2)Plantae obscure virides caule primarii repente,caule secundarii ramosi 3-5 cm longi.  Foliaimbricata, ovata, concava, plerumque 1.5-2 mmlonga x 0.8-1 mm lata apicibus obtusis, nervisultra medium evanidis marginibus usque adacuminem planis et integris.  Cellulae foliorumovatae, versus acuminem  8-14 x 5-6 µm juxtacostam ovate-oblongae, plerumque 18-20 x 5-6µm, ad basim lineares 20-28 x 5-6 µm.  Cellulaeparietibus modeste papillosis. Autoica; Foliaperigonalia parva, ovata, 0.8 mm  x 1 mmapicibus rotundis, acostatis. Cellulibusrhomboideis 22-24 x 3-6 µm, laevibus.Folia perichaetialia interna elongata, oblongaspathulate obtusa, 3-3.5 m x 1 mm, nervopercurrente, acumine piliforme brevi.  Capsulaimmersa, Calyptra cucullata, papillosa.  Perist-omium duplex dentibus exostomii et endostomiicum papillis valde grandibus. Sporae virides,granulosae, 28-30 µm.Plants 3-5 cm long, corticolous, unipinnate.Foliose pseudoparaphyllia present on stems. Stemleaves concave, spreading when wet and patentwhen dry. Ovate to oval-lanceolate, 1-2 mm longand 0.6-1 mm wide.  Apex rounded or acuteending in a right angle.  Margin plane, entire.Costa present, single to forked, extending tomidleaf, with upper cells linear, 30-36 µm long.Upper cells ovate 8-14 x 5-6  µm, cells close tothe costa ovate-elongate, 18-20 x 5-6  µm.  Basalcells linear-sinuose 20-28 x 5-6  µm.  Cell wallsthickened to nodose at the base, prorate.Branch leaves similar in shape to stem leaves butsmaller, concave, spreading when wet and pa-tent when dry.  Cell sizes similar to those of thestem leaves.  Prorula present, cell walls thickened,bulging.  Plants autoicous, with perigonia andperichaetia on stems.  Perigonial leaves ovate,0.8 mm x 1 mm with apex rounded, costa ab-sent.  Margin plane, entire. Cells sinuose, 22-24x 3-6 µm, smooth.  Perichaetial post-fertilizationleaves spathulate, 3-3.5 x 1 mm.  Apexacuminate, costa excurrent, ending in a shortapicule.  Margin entire sometimes revolute.  Cellshomogenous throughout the leaf, linear-sigmoidal 30-80 x 3-6 µm, smooth.  Capsulelineal-ovate 2 x 0.7 mm, translucent.  Exothecialcells variable; rectangular to pentagonal 40-90 x15-26 µm with thin walls.  Cells of the mouthrectangular, 10-12 x 5-6 µm.  Peristome double,teeth triangular tapering gradually, 0.6-0.8 mmlong, densely papillose.  Endostome completewith a low basal membrane, segments as long asthe teeth, densely papillose.  Operculum beaked,0.5-0.6 mm long.  Calyptra cucullate, papillose.Spores rounded, green 28-30 µm, granulate withthick walls.This species is dedicated to Dr. Diana Horton towhom I am very grateful.Holotype: Bolivia: Dpto. La Paz Prov. Inquisivi:Pavionani. Headquarters of Rio Chimu. Area ofultimate trees which are scattered amongstgrassland on boulder piles and at the bases ofcliffs. Rocks are black metamorphic. Seasonallysuper humid and frequently foggy. Weinmania,Gynoxis, Berberis, Miconia  woodlands. On twigsand small branchlets ca. 3750 m. Lewis 38568d-1 (MO) .Paratypes: Lewis 87673, Bolivia. Dpto. La Paz.Prov. Inquisivi, Rio Glorieta, ca 8 km NW ofQuime 3200-3400 m. 67_ 17‘ W; 16_ 57‘S,Lewis 87595 (mixed with C. pilifera) (MO)79Fig. 1.  Cryphaea hortonae - a. Habit. - b. Upper vegetative leaf cells. (scale 8 µm) - c. Perichaetialleaf cells (scale 20 µm)- d. Perichaetial leaf - e. Leaf (scale 1mm) - f. Sporophyte (scale 1 mm)80Acknowledgements.I am greatful to Diana G. Horton for guiding my studies asmy advisor while I was doing my Master’s Degree at theUniversity of Iowa. To Dr. Tamás Pócs for helping me withthe latin description. Also to Dr. Jan-Peter Frahm for readingand correcting the manuscript. I would like also to thankthe staff of the Electron Microscopy facility of the Universityof Iowa for their help. and to Dr. P.  Jean who kindly let meuse the facillities from the Botany Department of theUniversity of Lille to study some non-South AmericanCryphaea.Financial aid was provided by the exchange office of theUniversidad de Los Andes, Merida. Venezuela.ReferencesDelgadillo, M. C. 1991. Los patrones de distribución de losmusgos Neotropicales. Memoria II SimposioLatinoamericano de Briología. Soc. Latinoamer.Briol. & Inst. Biología México D.F.León V. Y & D. G. Horton 1995 . Las especies andinas deCryphaea.  Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. Auton.México. Ser. Bot. 67(1): 27-33.Manuel, M. G. 1973. Studies on Cryphaeaceae I. A revisionof the genus Cryphaea in North America andnorth of Mexico. Bryol. 76:144-162.Manuel, M. G. 1981. Studies on Cryphaea V. A revision ofthe family in Mexico, Central America and theCaribbean. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 49:115-140.Fig. 2. - SEM pictures of Cryphaea hortonae. a. Pseudoparaphyllia (scale 75 µm). - b. Cells ofvegetative leaf (scale 10 µm). - c. Perigonial leaves (scale 200 µm). - d. Peristome (scale 231 µm) f),Spores (scale 30 µm).81

Cryphaea hortonae : a new species of mosses from Bolivia

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