A new relationship, that of predator and prey, between the coleopteran families Cleridae and Bruchidae is presented

Rifkind, Jacques

Romero Nápoles, Jesús

English

Hochschulschriftenserver - Universität Frankfurt am Main

CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FLFirst record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) by acheckered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae)Jesús Romero NápolesInstituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Posgraduadoskm 36.5 carr. fed. México-TexcocoMontecillo, Estado de México, C.P . 56230. MéxicoJacques Rifkind5105 Morella Ave.Valley Village, California, 91607 U.S.A.Date of Issue: March 8, 20130288INSECTAMUNDI A Journal of World Insect SystematicsJesús Romero Nápoles and Jacques RifkindFirst record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)by a checkered beetle (Coleoptera: CleridaeInsecta Mundi 0288: 1-3ZooBank Registered: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9BA2A14C-4F4D-4DEB-9BDA-C4B3A0EB24B1Published in 2013 byCenter for Systematic Entomology, Inc.P. O. Box 141874Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 USAhttp://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any non-marine arthropod. Topics considered for publication include systematics, taxonomy,  nomenclature, checklists,faunal works, and natural history. Insecta Mundi will not consider works in the applied sciences (i.e. medicalentomology, pest control research, etc.), and no longer publishes book reviews or editorials. Insecta Mundi pub-lishes original research or discoveries in an inexpensive and timely manner, distributing them free via open accesson the internet on the date of publication.Insecta Mundi is referenced or abstracted by several sources including the Zoological Record, CAB Abstracts,etc. Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, with completed manuscripts assigned an indi-vidual number. Manuscripts must be peer reviewed prior to submission, after which they are reviewed by theeditorial board to ensure quality. One author of each submitted manuscript must be a current member of the Centerfor Systematic Entomology. Manuscript preparation guidelines are availablr at the CSE website.Managing editor: Paul E. Skelley, e-mail: insectamundi@gmail.comProduction editor: Michael C. Thomas, Brian Armitage, Ian StocksEditorial board: J. H. Frank, M. J. PaulsenSubject editors: G.B. Edwards, J. Eger, A. Rasmussen, F. Shockley, G. Steck, Ian Stocks, A. Van Pelt, J. ZaspelSpanish editors: Julieta Brambila, Angélico AsenjoPrinted copies (ISSN 0749-6737) annually deposited in libraries:CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaMuseu de Zoologia, São Paulo, BrazilAgriculture and Agrifood Canada, Ottawa, ON, CanadaThe Natural History Museum, London, Great BritainMuzeum i Instytut Zoologiczny PAN, Warsaw, PolandNational Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanCalifornia Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USAFlorida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, USAField Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USANational Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USAZoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, RussiaElectronic copies (On-Line ISSN 1942-1354, CDROM ISSN 1942-1362) in PDF format:Printed CD or DVD mailed to all members at end of year. Archived digitally by Portico.Florida Virtual Campus: http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/insectamundiUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Digital Commons: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main: http://edocs.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2010/14363/Author instructions available on the Insecta Mundi page at:http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/insectamundi/Copyright held by the author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons,Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduc-tion in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/10288: 1-3 2013First record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) by acheckered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae)Jesús Romero NápolesInstituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Posgraduadoskm 36.5 carr. fed. México-TexcocoMontecillo, Estado de México, C.P . 56230. Méxicoromero.napoles.jesus@gmail.comJacques Rifkind5105 Morella Ave.Valley Village, California, 91607 U.S.A.clerid@aol.comAbstract. A new relationship, that of predator and prey, between the coleopteran families Cleridae and Bruchidae ispresented.IntroductionMost species of Cleridae (Coleoptera) are assumed to be generalized insect predators, although the identity of prey items is infrequently recorded on labels or otherwise documented. Similarly, while Bruchidae(Coleoptera)—mostly small and chemically unprotected species—are probably subject to predation by awide variety of invertebrate and small vertebrate predators, the literature contains scant mention ofsuch interactions. This paper presents a rare observation of predation by Enoclerus coccineus desertusBarr (Cleridae) upon a Acanthoscelides pallidipennis (Motschulsky) (Bruchidae) where both individualswere subsequently captured and subject to identification.Enoclerus Gahan is a speciose (about 400 species) New World genus of predaceous beetles. Membersare generally small to medium-sized, and most are diurnally active predators in both their larval andadult forms. Several species are associated with pine trees and are important for the control of pestifer-ous bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) that ravage pine forests (Williams et al. 2009).Because of this relationship, there have been several studies documenting the prey preferences of conifer-inhabiting Enoclerus species (e. g. Rice 1969), including research on the semiochemical interactionsbetween predator and prey (Lindgren and Miller 2002; Zhou et al. 2001). However, for the vast majorityof Enoclerus species, our knowledge of their prey preferences and predation behavior is negligible andbased on scattered anecdotes and the occasional published observation. There are several possible rea-sons for this. First, most Enoclerus species not associated with bark beetles are not relatively commonlycollected and rather broadly dispersed in their environment; aggregations occur, but are associated withtransient and localized food sources (e.g. recently felled trees; plant blooms that are attractive to preyinsects). Second, Enoclerus species are only rarely observable in their microhabitats, as they tend to-wards concealment among branches and leaves. The two most effective methods for collecting Enoclerus,the beating sheet and Malaise trapping, both invariably separate the specimen from its prey. Finally,most Enoclerus specimens are found by collectors other than cleridologists, and so details of predationare rarely recorded.It is generally assumed that adult Enoclerus species will prey on most insects that they can physi-cally overpower and disarticulate. Interestingly, although recorded observations of prey types are few innumber, these do include Coccinellidae (ladybird beetles) that are chemically protected and toxic to atleast some of their potential predators, including invertebrates. With the advent of cheap and ubiquitousdigital macrophotography, however, we are beginning to see more documentation of insect predator-preyinteraction. A recent posting to the online insect identification website BugGuide.Net records, probablyfor the first time, predation by a species of Enoclerus (E. c. coccineus (Schenkling)) on a heteropteranbug <http://bugguide.net/node/view/558578/bgpage>.Bruchidae are seed predators as larvae, with the majority of species attacking species of legumes.Adults are free living and feed on pollen and nectar, habits that presumably make them vulnerable to2 • INSECTA MUNDI 0288, March 2013 ROMERO AND RIFKINDmany  diurnal  predatory  invertebrates.Acanthoscelides pallidipennis (Motschulsky) is anative American bruchid that is a natural popula-tion regulator of Amorpha species (Fabaceae:Astragaleae).Enoclerus coccineus desertus Barr (Fig. 1-2),recorded here as a predator on a Acanthoscelidespallidipennis, is restricted in distribution to Ari-zona, U.S.A., where it is known from the north,north central and northeast part of the state. Ithas been taken on yellow flowers, includingGutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britton and Rusby(Asteraceae) in middle and late summer (Barr1976; J. Rifkind, personal observation). A speci-men was collected in Arizona (Apache County, 3.6-6.6 mi N Chambers, Hwy. 191, 7/VII/2002, 6000', J.Rifkind, A. Rifkind, P . Gum, & E. Gum collectors) preying upon a bruchid. Although the prey insect wasmissing its legs and antennae, its body was complete. Fortunately it is a male, allowing specific determi-nation by examination of its genitalia, which correspond to those of A. pallidipennis (Fig. 3). The bruchidspecimen is deposited in the Insect Collection, Phytosanitary Institute, Colegio de Postgraduados,Montecillo, Estado de México, México (CEAM); the clerid specimen is held in the second author’s per-sonal collection (JNRC).AcknowledgmentsWe thank Rick Westcott and Thomas H. Atkinson for reviewing the manuscript.Figure 1-2. Enoclerus coccineus desertus. 1) In typical feeding posture. 2) Habitus.Figure 3. Acanthoscelides pallidipennis, habitus.INSECTA MUNDI 0288, March 2013 • 3 SEED BEETLE PREDATION BY A CLERIDLiterature CitedBarr, W. F. 1976. Descriptions and taxonomic notes of Enoclerus and some allied genera (Coleoptera:Cleridae). Melanderia 24: 17-35.Lindgren, B. S., and D. R. Miller. 2002. Effect of verbenone on attraction of predatory and woodboringbeetles (Coleoptera) to kairomones in lodgepole pine forests. Environmental Entomology 31: 766-773.Rice, R. E. 1969. Bionomics of Enoclerus barri (Coleoptera: Cleridae). The Canadian Entomologist 4:382–386.Williams, K. K., J. D. McMillin, and T. E. DeGomez. 2009. Relative and seasonal abundance of threebark beetle predators (Coleoptera: Trogositidae, Cleridae) across an elevation gradient in ponderosapine forests of north central Arizona. Western North American Naturalist 69: 351–363.Zhou, J. L., D. W. Ross, and C. G. Niwa. 2001. Kairomonal response of Thanasimus undatulus,Enoclerus sphegeus (Coleoptera: Cleridae), and Temnochila chlorodia (Coleoptera: Trogositidae) tobark beetle semiochemicals in eastern Oregon. Environmental Entomology 30: 993-998.Received December 5, 2012; Accepted February 6, 2013.4 • INSECTA MUNDI 0288, March 2013 ROMERO AND RIFKIND

First record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) by a checkered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae)

UNL | Libraries

University of Nebraska - Lincoln 
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln 
Insecta Mundi Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida 
3-8-2013 
First record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) 
by a checkered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae) 
Jesús Romero Nápoles 
Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Posgraduados, romero.napoles.jesus@gmail.com 
Jacques Rifkind 
Valley Village, California, clerid@aol.com 
Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi 
Romero Nápoles, Jesús and Rifkind, Jacques, "First record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: 
Bruchidae) by a checkered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae)" (2013). Insecta Mundi. 793. 
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/793 
This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida 
at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an 
authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. 
CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL
First record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) by a
checkered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae)
Jesús Romero Nápoles
Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Posgraduados
km 36.5 carr. fed. México-Texcoco
Montecillo, Estado de México, C.P. 56230. México
Jacques Rifkind
5105 Morella Ave.
Valley Village, California, 91607 U.S.A.
Date of Issue: March 8, 2013
0288
INSECTA
MUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics
Jesús Romero Nápoles and Jacques Rifkind
First record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
by a checkered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae
Insecta Mundi 0288: 1-3
ZooBank Registered: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9BA2A14C-4F4D-4DEB-9BDA-C4B3A0EB24B1
Published in 2013 by
Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc.
P. O. Box 141874
Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 USA
http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/
Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any non-
marine arthropod. Topics considered for publication include systematics, taxonomy,  nomenclature, checklists,
faunal works, and natural history. Insecta Mundi will not consider works in the applied sciences (i.e. medical
entomology, pest control research, etc.), and no longer publishes book reviews or editorials. Insecta Mundi pub-
lishes original research or discoveries in an inexpensive and timely manner, distributing them free via open access
on the internet on the date of publication.
Insecta Mundi is referenced or abstracted by several sources including the Zoological Record, CAB Abstracts,
etc. Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, with completed manuscripts assigned an indi-
vidual number. Manuscripts must be peer reviewed prior to submission, after which they are reviewed by the
editorial board to ensure quality. One author of each submitted manuscript must be a current member of the Center
for Systematic Entomology. Manuscript preparation guidelines are availablr at the CSE website.
Managing editor: Paul E. Skelley, e-mail: insectamundi@gmail.com
Production editor: Michael C. Thomas, Brian Armitage, Ian Stocks
Editorial board: J. H. Frank, M. J. Paulsen
Subject editors: G.B. Edwards, J. Eger, A. Rasmussen, F. Shockley, G. Steck, Ian Stocks, A. Van Pelt, J. Zaspel
Spanish editors: Julieta Brambila, Angélico Asenjo
Printed copies (ISSN 0749-6737) annually deposited in libraries:
CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia
Museu de Zoologia, São Paulo, Brazil
Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
The Natural History Museum, London, Great Britain
Muzeum i Instytut Zoologiczny PAN, Warsaw, Poland
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, USA
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Electronic copies (On-Line ISSN 1942-1354, CDROM ISSN 1942-1362) in PDF format:
Printed CD or DVD mailed to all members at end of year. Archived digitally by Portico.
Florida Virtual Campus: http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/insectamundi
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Digital Commons: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/
Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main: http://edocs.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2010/14363/
Author instructions available on the Insecta Mundi page at:
http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/insectamundi/
Copyright held by the author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons,
Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduc-
tion in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/
by-nc/3.0/
10288: 1-3 2013
First record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) by a
checkered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae)
Jesús Romero Nápoles
Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Posgraduados
km 36.5 carr. fed. México-Texcoco
Montecillo, Estado de México, C.P. 56230. México
romero.napoles.jesus@gmail.com
Jacques Rifkind
5105 Morella Ave.
Valley Village, California, 91607 U.S.A.
clerid@aol.com
Abstract. A new relationship, that of predator and prey, between the coleopteran families Cleridae and Bruchidae is
presented.
Introduction
Most species of Cleridae (Coleoptera) are assumed to be generalized insect predators, although the id
entity of prey items is infrequently recorded on labels or otherwise documented. Similarly, while Bruchidae
(Coleoptera)—mostly small and chemically unprotected species—are probably subject to predation by a
wide variety of invertebrate and small vertebrate predators, the literature contains scant mention of
such interactions. This paper presents a rare observation of predation by Enoclerus coccineus desertus
Barr (Cleridae) upon a Acanthoscelides pallidipennis (Motschulsky) (Bruchidae) where both individuals
were subsequently captured and subject to identification.
Enoclerus Gahan is a speciose (about 400 species) New World genus of predaceous beetles. Members
are generally small to medium-sized, and most are diurnally active predators in both their larval and
adult forms. Several species are associated with pine trees and are important for the control of pestifer-
ous bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) that ravage pine forests (Williams et al. 2009).
Because of this relationship, there have been several studies documenting the prey preferences of conifer-
inhabiting Enoclerus species (e. g. Rice 1969), including research on the semiochemical interactions
between predator and prey (Lindgren and Miller 2002; Zhou et al. 2001). However, for the vast majority
of Enoclerus species, our knowledge of their prey preferences and predation behavior is negligible and
based on scattered anecdotes and the occasional published observation. There are several possible rea-
sons for this. First, most Enoclerus species not associated with bark beetles are not relatively commonly
collected and rather broadly dispersed in their environment; aggregations occur, but are associated with
transient and localized food sources (e.g. recently felled trees; plant blooms that are attractive to prey
insects). Second, Enoclerus species are only rarely observable in their microhabitats, as they tend to-
wards concealment among branches and leaves. The two most effective methods for collecting Enoclerus,
the beating sheet and Malaise trapping, both invariably separate the specimen from its prey. Finally,
most Enoclerus specimens are found by collectors other than cleridologists, and so details of predation
are rarely recorded.
It is generally assumed that adult Enoclerus species will prey on most insects that they can physi-
cally overpower and disarticulate. Interestingly, although recorded observations of prey types are few in
number, these do include Coccinellidae (ladybird beetles) that are chemically protected and toxic to at
least some of their potential predators, including invertebrates. With the advent of cheap and ubiquitous
digital macrophotography, however, we are beginning to see more documentation of insect predator-prey
interaction. A recent posting to the online insect identification website BugGuide.Net records, probably
for the first time, predation by a species of Enoclerus (E. c. coccineus (Schenkling)) on a heteropteran
bug <http://bugguide.net/node/view/558578/bgpage>.
Bruchidae are seed predators as larvae, with the majority of species attacking species of legumes.
Adults are free living and feed on pollen and nectar, habits that presumably make them vulnerable to
2 • INSECTA MUNDI 0288, March 2013 ROMERO AND RIFKIND
many diurnal predatory invertebrates.
Acanthoscelides pallidipennis (Motschulsky) is a
native American bruchid that is a natural popula-
tion regulator of Amorpha species (Fabaceae:
Astragaleae).
Enoclerus coccineus desertus Barr (Fig. 1-2),
recorded here as a predator on a Acanthoscelides
pallidipennis, is restricted in distribution to Ari-
zona, U.S.A., where it is known from the north,
north central and northeast part of the state. It
has been taken on yellow flowers, including
Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britton and Rusby
(Asteraceae) in middle and late summer (Barr
1976; J. Rifkind, personal observation). A speci-
men was collected in Arizona (Apache County, 3.6-6.6 mi N Chambers, Hwy. 191, 7/VII/2002, 6000', J.
Rifkind, A. Rifkind, P. Gum, & E. Gum collectors) preying upon a bruchid. Although the prey insect was
missing its legs and antennae, its body was complete. Fortunately it is a male, allowing specific determi-
nation by examination of its genitalia, which correspond to those of A. pallidipennis (Fig. 3). The bruchid
specimen is deposited in the Insect Collection, Phytosanitary Institute, Colegio de Postgraduados,
Montecillo, Estado de México, México (CEAM); the clerid specimen is held in the second author’s per-
sonal collection (JNRC).
Acknowledgments
We thank Rick Westcott and Thomas H. Atkinson for reviewing the manuscript.
Figure 1-2. Enoclerus coccineus desertus. 1) In typical feeding posture. 2) Habitus.
Figure 3. Acanthoscelides pallidipennis, habitus.
INSECTA MUNDI 0288, March 2013 • 3SEED BEETLE PREDATION BY A CLERID
Literature Cited
Barr, W. F. 1976. Descriptions and taxonomic notes of Enoclerus and some allied genera (Coleoptera:
Cleridae). Melanderia 24: 17-35.
Lindgren, B. S., and D. R. Miller. 2002. Effect of verbenone on attraction of predatory and woodboring
beetles (Coleoptera) to kairomones in lodgepole pine forests. Environmental Entomology 31: 766-
773.
Rice, R. E. 1969. Bionomics of Enoclerus barri (Coleoptera: Cleridae). The Canadian Entomologist 4:
382–386.
Williams, K. K., J. D. McMillin, and T. E. DeGomez. 2009. Relative and seasonal abundance of three
bark beetle predators (Coleoptera: Trogositidae, Cleridae) across an elevation gradient in ponderosa
pine forests of north central Arizona. Western North American Naturalist 69: 351–363.
Zhou, J. L., D. W. Ross, and C. G. Niwa. 2001. Kairomonal response of Thanasimus undatulus,
Enoclerus sphegeus (Coleoptera: Cleridae), and Temnochila chlorodia (Coleoptera: Trogositidae) to
bark beetle semiochemicals in eastern Oregon. Environmental Entomology 30: 993-998.
Received December 5, 2012; Accepted February 6, 2013.
4 • INSECTA MUNDI 0288, March 2013 ROMERO AND RIFKIND


DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska

University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Insecta Mundi Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida 3-8-2013 First record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) by a checkered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae) Jesús Romero Nápoles Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Posgraduados, romero.napoles.jesus@gmail.com Jacques Rifkind Valley Village, California, clerid@aol.com Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Romero Nápoles, Jesús and Rifkind, Jacques, "First record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) by a checkered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae)" (2013). Insecta Mundi. 793. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/793 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FLFirst record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) by acheckered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae)Jesús Romero NápolesInstituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Posgraduadoskm 36.5 carr. fed. México-TexcocoMontecillo, Estado de México, C.P. 56230. MéxicoJacques Rifkind5105 Morella Ave.Valley Village, California, 91607 U.S.A.Date of Issue: March 8, 20130288INSECTAMUNDI A Journal of World Insect SystematicsJesús Romero Nápoles and Jacques RifkindFirst record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)by a checkered beetle (Coleoptera: CleridaeInsecta Mundi 0288: 1-3ZooBank Registered: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9BA2A14C-4F4D-4DEB-9BDA-C4B3A0EB24B1Published in 2013 byCenter for Systematic Entomology, Inc.P. O. Box 141874Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 USAhttp://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any non-marine arthropod. Topics considered for publication include systematics, taxonomy,  nomenclature, checklists,faunal works, and natural history. Insecta Mundi will not consider works in the applied sciences (i.e. medicalentomology, pest control research, etc.), and no longer publishes book reviews or editorials. Insecta Mundi pub-lishes original research or discoveries in an inexpensive and timely manner, distributing them free via open accesson the internet on the date of publication.Insecta Mundi is referenced or abstracted by several sources including the Zoological Record, CAB Abstracts,etc. Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, with completed manuscripts assigned an indi-vidual number. Manuscripts must be peer reviewed prior to submission, after which they are reviewed by theeditorial board to ensure quality. One author of each submitted manuscript must be a current member of the Centerfor Systematic Entomology. Manuscript preparation guidelines are availablr at the CSE website.Managing editor: Paul E. Skelley, e-mail: insectamundi@gmail.comProduction editor: Michael C. Thomas, Brian Armitage, Ian StocksEditorial board: J. H. Frank, M. J. PaulsenSubject editors: G.B. Edwards, J. Eger, A. Rasmussen, F. Shockley, G. Steck, Ian Stocks, A. Van Pelt, J. ZaspelSpanish editors: Julieta Brambila, Angélico AsenjoPrinted copies (ISSN 0749-6737) annually deposited in libraries:CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaMuseu de Zoologia, São Paulo, BrazilAgriculture and Agrifood Canada, Ottawa, ON, CanadaThe Natural History Museum, London, Great BritainMuzeum i Instytut Zoologiczny PAN, Warsaw, PolandNational Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanCalifornia Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USAFlorida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, USAField Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USANational Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USAZoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, RussiaElectronic copies (On-Line ISSN 1942-1354, CDROM ISSN 1942-1362) in PDF format:Printed CD or DVD mailed to all members at end of year. Archived digitally by Portico.Florida Virtual Campus: http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/insectamundiUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Digital Commons: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main: http://edocs.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2010/14363/Author instructions available on the Insecta Mundi page at:http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/insectamundi/Copyright held by the author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons,Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduc-tion in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/10288: 1-3 2013First record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) by acheckered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae)Jesús Romero NápolesInstituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Posgraduadoskm 36.5 carr. fed. México-TexcocoMontecillo, Estado de México, C.P. 56230. Méxicoromero.napoles.jesus@gmail.comJacques Rifkind5105 Morella Ave.Valley Village, California, 91607 U.S.A.clerid@aol.comAbstract. A new relationship, that of predator and prey, between the coleopteran families Cleridae and Bruchidae ispresented.IntroductionMost species of Cleridae (Coleoptera) are assumed to be generalized insect predators, although the identity of prey items is infrequently recorded on labels or otherwise documented. Similarly, while Bruchidae(Coleoptera)—mostly small and chemically unprotected species—are probably subject to predation by awide variety of invertebrate and small vertebrate predators, the literature contains scant mention ofsuch interactions. This paper presents a rare observation of predation by Enoclerus coccineus desertusBarr (Cleridae) upon a Acanthoscelides pallidipennis (Motschulsky) (Bruchidae) where both individualswere subsequently captured and subject to identification.Enoclerus Gahan is a speciose (about 400 species) New World genus of predaceous beetles. Membersare generally small to medium-sized, and most are diurnally active predators in both their larval andadult forms. Several species are associated with pine trees and are important for the control of pestifer-ous bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) that ravage pine forests (Williams et al. 2009).Because of this relationship, there have been several studies documenting the prey preferences of conifer-inhabiting Enoclerus species (e. g. Rice 1969), including research on the semiochemical interactionsbetween predator and prey (Lindgren and Miller 2002; Zhou et al. 2001). However, for the vast majorityof Enoclerus species, our knowledge of their prey preferences and predation behavior is negligible andbased on scattered anecdotes and the occasional published observation. There are several possible rea-sons for this. First, most Enoclerus species not associated with bark beetles are not relatively commonlycollected and rather broadly dispersed in their environment; aggregations occur, but are associated withtransient and localized food sources (e.g. recently felled trees; plant blooms that are attractive to preyinsects). Second, Enoclerus species are only rarely observable in their microhabitats, as they tend to-wards concealment among branches and leaves. The two most effective methods for collecting Enoclerus,the beating sheet and Malaise trapping, both invariably separate the specimen from its prey. Finally,most Enoclerus specimens are found by collectors other than cleridologists, and so details of predationare rarely recorded.It is generally assumed that adult Enoclerus species will prey on most insects that they can physi-cally overpower and disarticulate. Interestingly, although recorded observations of prey types are few innumber, these do include Coccinellidae (ladybird beetles) that are chemically protected and toxic to atleast some of their potential predators, including invertebrates. With the advent of cheap and ubiquitousdigital macrophotography, however, we are beginning to see more documentation of insect predator-preyinteraction. A recent posting to the online insect identification website BugGuide.Net records, probablyfor the first time, predation by a species of Enoclerus (E. c. coccineus (Schenkling)) on a heteropteranbug <http://bugguide.net/node/view/558578/bgpage>.Bruchidae are seed predators as larvae, with the majority of species attacking species of legumes.Adults are free living and feed on pollen and nectar, habits that presumably make them vulnerable to2 • INSECTA MUNDI 0288, March 2013 ROMERO AND RIFKINDmany diurnal predatory invertebrates.Acanthoscelides pallidipennis (Motschulsky) is anative American bruchid that is a natural popula-tion regulator of Amorpha species (Fabaceae:Astragaleae).Enoclerus coccineus desertus Barr (Fig. 1-2),recorded here as a predator on a Acanthoscelidespallidipennis, is restricted in distribution to Ari-zona, U.S.A., where it is known from the north,north central and northeast part of the state. Ithas been taken on yellow flowers, includingGutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britton and Rusby(Asteraceae) in middle and late summer (Barr1976; J. Rifkind, personal observation). A speci-men was collected in Arizona (Apache County, 3.6-6.6 mi N Chambers, Hwy. 191, 7/VII/2002, 6000', J.Rifkind, A. Rifkind, P. Gum, & E. Gum collectors) preying upon a bruchid. Although the prey insect wasmissing its legs and antennae, its body was complete. Fortunately it is a male, allowing specific determi-nation by examination of its genitalia, which correspond to those of A. pallidipennis (Fig. 3). The bruchidspecimen is deposited in the Insect Collection, Phytosanitary Institute, Colegio de Postgraduados,Montecillo, Estado de México, México (CEAM); the clerid specimen is held in the second author’s per-sonal collection (JNRC).AcknowledgmentsWe thank Rick Westcott and Thomas H. Atkinson for reviewing the manuscript.Figure 1-2. Enoclerus coccineus desertus. 1) In typical feeding posture. 2) Habitus.Figure 3. Acanthoscelides pallidipennis, habitus.INSECTA MUNDI 0288, March 2013 • 3SEED BEETLE PREDATION BY A CLERIDLiterature CitedBarr, W. F. 1976. Descriptions and taxonomic notes of Enoclerus and some allied genera (Coleoptera:Cleridae). Melanderia 24: 17-35.Lindgren, B. S., and D. R. Miller. 2002. Effect of verbenone on attraction of predatory and woodboringbeetles (Coleoptera) to kairomones in lodgepole pine forests. Environmental Entomology 31: 766-773.Rice, R. E. 1969. Bionomics of Enoclerus barri (Coleoptera: Cleridae). The Canadian Entomologist 4:382–386.Williams, K. K., J. D. McMillin, and T. E. DeGomez. 2009. Relative and seasonal abundance of threebark beetle predators (Coleoptera: Trogositidae, Cleridae) across an elevation gradient in ponderosapine forests of north central Arizona. Western North American Naturalist 69: 351–363.Zhou, J. L., D. W. Ross, and C. G. Niwa. 2001. Kairomonal response of Thanasimus undatulus,Enoclerus sphegeus (Coleoptera: Cleridae), and Temnochila chlorodia (Coleoptera: Trogositidae) tobark beetle semiochemicals in eastern Oregon. Environmental Entomology 30: 993-998.Received December 5, 2012; Accepted February 6, 2013.4 • INSECTA MUNDI 0288, March 2013 ROMERO AND RIFKIND

Nápoles, Jesús Romero, Rifkind, Jacques (2013): First record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) by a checkered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae). Insecta Mundi 2013 (288): 1-3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.517578

Nápoles, Jesús Romero

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https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1792&amp;context=insectamundi

First record of predation on a seed beetle (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) by a checkered beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae)

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