A new species of Paranthaclisis Banks, P. floridensis (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae), is described from Florida and compared to the other described species in the genus. Keys to the adults and larvae are provided.Se describe una nueva especie de Paranthaclisis Banks, P. floridensis (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae), de Florida y se la incluye en una clave para las otras especies descriptas del género. Se da una descripción del adulto y de la larva

Miller, Robert B.

Stange, Lionel A.

English

Hochschulschriftenserver - Universität Frankfurt am Main

CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FLDescription of a new species of Paranthaclisis Banks from Florida(Neuroptera:  Myrmeleontidae)Lionel A. Stange and Robert B. MillerFlorida State Collection of ArthropodsP.O. Box 147100Gainesville, Florida, 32614-7100, U.S.A.Date of Issue: April 6, 2012INSECTAMUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics0224Lionel A. Stange and Robert B. MillerDescription of a new species of Paranthaclisis Banks from Florida(Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)Insecta Mundi 0224: 1-5Published in 2012 byCenter for Systematic Entomology, Inc.P. O. Box 141874Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 USAhttp://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published onany non-marine arthropod. Topics considered for publication include systematics, taxonomy,  nomencla-ture, checklists, faunal works, and natural history. Insecta Mundi will not consider works in theapplied sciences (i.e. medical entomology, pest control research, etc.), and no longer publishes book re-views or editorials. Insecta Mundi publishes original research or discoveries in an inexpensive andtimely manner, distributing them free via open access on the internet on the date of publication.Insecta Mundi is referenced or abstracted by several sources including the Zoological Record, CABAbstracts, etc. Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, with completed manu-scripts assigned an individual number. Manuscripts must be peer reviewed prior to submission, afterwhich they are reviewed by the editorial board to ensure quality. One author of each submitted manu-script must be a current member of the Center for Systematic Entomology. Manuscript preparationguidelines are availablr at the CSE website.Managing editor: Paul E. Skelley, e-mail: insectamundi@gmail.comProduction editor: Michael C. 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ZaspelSpanish editors: Julieta Brambila, Angélico AsenjoPrinted copies (ISSN 0749-6737) deposited in libraries of:CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaMuseu de Zoologia, São Paulo, BrazilAgriculture and Agrifood Canada, Ottawa, ON, CanadaThe Natural History Museum, London, Great BritainMuzeum i Instytut Zoologiczny PAN, Warsaw, PolandNational  Taiwan University,  Taipei,  TaiwanCalifornia Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USAFlorida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, USAField Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USANational Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USAZoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, RussiaElectronic copies (On-Line ISSN 1942-1354, CDROM ISSN 1942-1362) in PDF format:Printed CD mailed to all members at end of year.Florida  Center  for Library  Automation:  http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/insectamundiUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Digital Commons: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main: http://edocs.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2010/14363/Author instructions available on the Insecta Mundi page at:http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/insectamundi/Copyright held by the author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons,Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduc-tion in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/10224: 1-5 2012Description of a new species of Paranthaclisis Banks from Florida(Neuroptera:  Myrmeleontidae)Lionel A. Stange and Robert B. MillerFlorida State Collection of ArthropodsP.O. Box 147100Gainesville, Florida, 32614-7100, U.S.A.glenurus@gmail.comAbstract. A new species of Paranthaclisis Banks, P . floridensis (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae), is described fromFlorida and compared to the other described species in the genus. Keys to the adults and larvae are provided.Resumen. Se describe una nueva especie de Paranthaclisis Banks,  P . floridensis (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae), deFlorida y se la incluye en una clave para las otras especies descriptas del género.  Se da una descripción del adulto y dela larva.IntroductionThe presence of Paranthaclisis Banks  (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) in Florida was first noted byHagen (1887) who described a one-toothed larva from Florida which must belong to this genus since noother  larvae known from the New World have only one tooth on the mandible. We have discovered a newspecies of this genus on the northern coastal beaches of  Florida . To date, five adult specimens of thisspecies of Paranthaclisis have been collected in Florida. Also, the larva has been found and reared.MaterialsSpecimens studied are deposited in the following institutions: FSCA - Florida State Collection ofArthropods, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A.; USNM - Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.Paranthaclisis Banks 1907: 275Type species: Acanthaclisis congener Hagen, by subsequent designation of Banks 1927:  80 as “P . conge-ner (Hagen)”.Key to species: Banks 1927: 80, Banks 1939: 5.Distribution: Mexico (Baja California); U.S.A. (Arizona; California; Florida; Nevada; New Mexico;Oregon; Texas; Utah).Further description: Banks 1927: 79; Stange and Miller 1985: 36.Larva: Hagen 1887: 151; Stange and Miller 1985: 36, Figures 1, 6 (larva).Further description: Banks 1927: 79.Diagnosis. Adult: ocular rim with short white setae that project over eye; distal palpomere with elon-gate palpomacula not reaching to apex; pronotum wider than long; all femora with one elongate sensehair; pretarsal claws strongly bent with flange, shorter than tibial spurs which are bent at nearly a rightangle; forewing costal area narrowing toward apex, usually simple (except in P . floridensis); forewingwith anterior Banksian line; hindwing vein CuA not fused with posterior fork of MP2; abdomen withpair of eversible sacs between tergites VI and VII (except P . nevadensis). Larva: head capsule withanterior margin of clypeo-labrum weakly sinuate; ventral surface of head capsule nearly glabrous; lengthof antenna shorter than basal width of mandible; mandible with one blunt tooth; hind pretarsal claws2 • INSECTA MUNDI 0224, April 2012 STANGE AND MILLERvery thick, less than twice as long as basal width, shorter than mid-pretarsal claws which are severaltimes longer than wide; mid-tarsus longer than mid-tibia and nearly as wide basally as tibia apically;sternite VII with many short, peg-like digging setae, area of digging setae more than five times longerthan wide.Biology. Female Paranthaclisis congener were observed (Stange and Miller, 1985) to lay eggs at dusknear Reno, Nevada. As the female expels the eggs, she evenly coats them with sand, using the posteriorgonapophysis. The eggs are buried up to one quarter or more of the abdominal length and the larval headcapsule is fully hardened prior to hatching, in contrast to other known non-acanthaclisine ant-lionswhich lay their eggs on the surface and in which the larva hatches on the surface with the head capsuleand mandibles soft, having been folded into the egg, and ready to expand upon being freed of the egg andexposed on the surface. Eggs of Acanthaclisini are laid in batches of twenty and hatch in about 24 days.There are three instars. The larvae prefer deep sand and can move both forward and backward rapidlybut observations to date indicate that the larvae do not pursue prey on the sand but rather dig rapidlybackward after the prey and grab the prey by whipping their head backward after they are underneath it.Prey observed to date have been lepidopterous larvae and  many types of sand roaming adult Coleoptera.Discussion. Paranthaclisis Banks is a Nearctic genus which contains four species. The hindwing vena-tion of Paranthaclisis is distinctive in the tribe since CuA does not unite with MP2 as in other genera.The larva is also very distinctive in having only one mandibular tooth. Paranthaclisis  nevadensis Bankslacks eversible sacs on the abdomen of the male. This strictly Nearctic genus Paranthaclisis belongs tothe tribe Acanthaclisini of the subfamily Myrmeleontinae and is restricted in distribution to the temper-ate areas of North America. The Acanthaclisini is characterized by the presence of eversible sacs betweenabdominal segments VI and VII. Paranthaclisis  nevadensis is aberrant in lacking abdominal pencils inthe male. Also, the tibial spurs and pretarsal claws of the Acanthaclisini are thick and strongly curved orsometimes bent as in Paranthaclisis. Some genera including Paranthaclisis have an elongate sense hairon the hindfemur. The larva of Paranthaclisis is unusual in having a short, thick mandible with only onemandibular tooth. A generic review of the tribe with keys to genera based on both adults and larvae wasprovided by Stange and Miller 1985.Key to species of Paranthaclisis BanksADULTS1. Vertex with scars shiny black, glabrous (Figure 1); mesoscutellum with medial area of posteriormargin shiny, dark colored; male intersegmental membrane between abdominal segments VIand VII with eversible sac broader than long (Figures 5, 6)...................................................... 2— Vertex with scars dull brown, partly setose; mesoscutellum with posterior margin dull; maleintersegmental membrane between abdominal segments VI and VII without eversible sac orwith eversible sac longer than wide............................................................................................... 32(1). Forewing costal area narrow with cells above presectoral area  before origin of radial sector, lessthan one-third as high as presectoral area; forewing costal cells not interconnected beforestigma (west Texas to California) .......................................... Paranthaclisis hageni (Banks)— Forewing costal area broad with cells above presectoral area  before origin of radial sector atleast one-half as high as presectoral area (Figures 2, 4); forewing costal cells with several crossveins interconnected before stigma (Florida) ........ Paranthaclisis floridensis new species3(1). Distal tarsomere of hindleg black, longer than other four tarsomeres together; male intersegmentalmembrane between abdominal segments VI and VII without eversible sac; male tergum V withlarge V-shape emargination posteriorly; postventral lobe of male ecoproct projects downward(California; Nevada)..........................................................  Paranthaclisis nevadensis BanksINSECTA MUNDI 0224, April 2012 • 3 A NEW FLORIDA SPECIES OF PARATHACLIASIS— Distal tarsomere of hindleg pale, no longer than other four tarsomeres together; maleintersegmental membrane between abdominal segments VI and VII with eversible sac longerthan wide; male tergum V with posterior margin with small V-shape emargination at most;postventral lobe of male ectoproct bent posteriorly (Arizona; California; New Mexico; Oregon;Utah).................................................................................... Paranthaclisis congener (Hagen)LARVAE1. Mandible about 2.5 times longer than width posterior to tooth, dorsal surface without short peg-like setae but with some elongate setae near base; dorsal surface of head capsule usually withfour pronounced dark brown spots .................................. Paranthaclisis congener (Hagen)— Mandible about 3.5 times longer than width posterior to tooth, dorsal surface with many peg-likesetae; dorsal surface at most with double dark brown spot near middle ..................................  22(1). Abdomen with distinct longitudinal rows of dark brown markings (Figure 7); metathoracic setosetubercle with dark brown coloring; mandible with more than 20 peg-like setae extending distadto mandibular tooth ................................................. Paranthaclisis floridensis new species— Abdomen unmarked; metathoracic setose tubercle all pale brown; mandible with less than 10peg-like setae distributed basad to mandibular tooth.............................................................................................. Paranthaclisis hageni (Banks) and Paranthaclisis  nevadensis BanksFigures 1-4. Paranthaclisis floridensis Miller and Stange, adult. 1) Vertex and pronotum. 2) Thorax and bases ofwings. 3) Lateral view. 4) Body and wings.4 • INSECTA MUNDI 0224, April 2012 STANGE AND MILLERParanthaclisis floridensis Miller and Stange, new species(Figures 1-8)Holotype male, St. Andrews State Park, Bay County, Florida, 12.VI.1980, L. Stange (FSCA).Distribution. U.S.A. (Florida)Diagnosis. Vertex with scars shiny black, glabrous; mesoscutellum with posterior margin shiny, darkcolored; forewing costal area broad with cells above presectoral area before origin of radial sector at leastone-half as high as presectoral area, costal cells with several cross veins interconnected before stigma;male intersegmental membrane between abdominal segments VI and VII with eversible sac broader thanlong.Description. Holotype male: Adult: length of body 33 mm; forewing length 39 mm., hindwing length38 mm. Coloration: vertex with scars shiny black, glabrous (Figure 1); mesoscutellum with posteriormargin shiny, dark colored. Structure: forewing costal area broader, cells above presectoral area rightbefore origin of radial sector at least one-half as high as presectoral area (Figures 2, 4); forewing costalcells with several crossveins interconnected before stigma; male intersegmental membrane between ab-dominal segments VI and VII with eversible sac broader than long (Figures 5, 6).  Larva: mandible about3.5 times longer than width posterior to tooth, dorsal surface with many peg-like setae (Figure 7); dorsalsurface at most with double dark brown spot near middle; abdomen with distinct longitudinal rows ofdark brown markings (Figure 7); metathoracic setose tubercle with dark brown coloring; mandible withmore than 20 peg-like setae extending distad to mandibular tooth.Paratypes. St. Joseph T. H. Stone Memorial State Park, Bay  County, Florida, 13.VI.1969, H. Weems(1f, FSCA). St. Joseph Peninsula, Gulf county, Florida, 1.XI.1978, L. Stange, reared (1m, l larva, FSCA);coast between Stuart and St. Augustine, Florida, 17.VI.1951, O. Bryant (1f, FSCA); Vero Beach, Florida,V .1942, J. R. Malloch (1m, USNM).Discussion. This new species appears closely related to P . hageni (Banks) in having the vertex scarsshiny black and glabrous (Figure 1) and the mesoscutellum with the posterior margin shiny and darkcolored. Also, the male intersegmental membrane between abdominal segments VI and  VII with theeversible sac broader than long (Figures 5, 6)  These two species can be separated because the forewingcostal area in P . hageni is narrow with the cells above the presectoral area less than one-third as high asthe presectoral area, but at least one-half as high as the presectoral area in P . floridensis (Figures 2, 4).Figures 5-8. Paranthaclisis floridensis Miller and Stange. 5-6) Male abdominal eversible sacs. 7-8) Larva, dorsaland ventral views.INSECTA MUNDI 0224, April 2012 • 5 A NEW FLORIDA SPECIES OF PARATHACLIASISAlso, the forewing costal cells have several crossveins interconnected before the stigma in P. floridensis,whereas the forewing costal cells in P . hageni are not interconnected.The larva of P. floridensis is distinctive in having conspicuous longitudinal rows of dark brownmarkings on the abdomen (Figure 7). Also, in P . floridensis the metathoracic setose tubercle is darkbrown and the larval mandible has more than 20 peg-like setae extending distad to the basal mandibulartooth whereas in the P . hageni  the abdomen is unmarked and the metathoracic setose tubercle is palebrown. Also, those two species differ from P . floridensis in having less than 10 peg-like setae presentbasad of the basal mandibular tooth. The other two species in the genus, P . congener (Hagen) and P .nevadensis Banks, are less closely related to P . floridensis and P . hageni. They have the vertex scars dullbrown and  partly setose, the posterior margin of the mesoscutum dull, and the male intersegmentalmembrane between abdominal segments VI and VII with the eversible sac longer than wide (P . congener)or absent (P . nevadensis). The larval mandible of P . congener is about 2.5 times longer than its widthposterior to tooth, and its dorsal surface is without short peg-like setae but with some elongate setaenear base.  The dorsal surface of the head capsule usually has four pronounced dark brown spots whereasin the other species of Paranthaclisis the dorsal surface has at most a double dark brown spot near themiddle.Specimens of P . floridensis are known both from the Panhandle Gulf coast and from the Atlanticbeaches from near St. Augustine south to Vero Beach. Discovery of additional specimens from interven-ing areas in Louisiana and eastern Texas may demonstrate that the Florida populations are only ageographic race of P . hageni.AcknowledgmentsWe thank Drs. Charles C. Porter and Norman Penny for their critical reviews of the manuscript.This is the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, Ento-mology Contribution No. 1205.Literature CitedBanks, N. 1907. A new genus and a new species of Neuroptera. Entomological News 18: 275.Banks, N. 1927. A revision of the nearctic Myrmeleonidae. Bulletin of the Museum of ComparativeZoology 68: 1-84.Banks, N. 1939. On some new and previously-known Neuroptera in the collection of the Academy ofNatural Sciences of Philadelphia. Notulae Naturae 32: 1-5.Hagen, H. 1887. Stray notes on Myrmeleonidae. Canadian Entomologist 19:89-93, 110-112 (Part 1);133-136, 147-156 (Part 2); 209-217 (Part 3).Stange, L.A. and R. B. Miller. 1985. A generic review of the Acanthaclisine antlions based on larvae(Neuroptera: Mymeleontidae). Insecta Mundi 1(1): 29-42, Figures 1-26.Received September 25, 2011; Accepted March 13, 2012.6 • INSECTA MUNDI 0224, April 2012 STANGE AND MILLER

Description of a new species of Paranthaclisis Banks from Florida (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)

Stange, Lionel A., Miller, Robert B. (2012): Description of a new species of Paranthaclisis Banks from Florida (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae). Insecta Mundi 2012 (224): 1-5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.517417

Description of a new species of Paranthaclisis Banks from Florida (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)

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