Xorides albopictus (Cresson) and Xorides calidus (Provancher) are recorded for the first time from Florida. New Florida records are given for Xorides semirufus Townes, previously known only from the holotype female collected near Archer in Alachua County in 1953. A key is provided to the Florida species of Xorides. A photograph of X. semirufus is included.Se citan por primera vez para Florida las especies Xorides albopictus (Cresson) y Xorides calidus (Provancher). Se proporcionan nuevos registros para Florida de Xorides semirufus Townes, especie de la cual antes se conocía un solo ejemplar, el holotipo coleccionado en 1953 cerca de Archer en el Condado de Alachua. Se da una clave de las especies de Xorides conocidas del Estado de Florida

Porter, Charles C.

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187 INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 19, No. 3, September, 2005IntroductionXorides Latreille (1809) is a cosmopolitan ge-nus of medium sized to large ichneumonids whichparasitize larvae of wood boring beetles, especiallyBuprestidae and Cerambycidae. They have a longovipositor and the spiracle of the first gastric terg-ite located at or basad of its middle. This makesthem superficially similar to other ichneumonidtaxa that attack similar hosts in the same habitat,such as Rhyssinae, Poemeniinae, Acaenitinae, La-beninae, and some Cryptinae, but Xorides may bedistinguished from these by the following combina-tion of characters:(1). Mandible without apical teeth, its apexchisel-shaped.(2). Female flagellum subapically curved orelbowed with 2 or more stout, erect ‘flag setae’ onouter surface of the bend.(3). Mesoscutum with a prominent transversebreak or suture in front of prescutellar groove.(4). Prescutellar groove with a strong medianlongitudinal carina.(5). Sternaulus weak or absent.(6). Fore and mid tibia of female inflated andtwisted.(7). Areolet absent.(8). Second recurrent vein with 2 bullae.(9). Propodeum with strong transverse andlongitudinal carinae which enclose well definedareas.(10). Gaster inserted low on the propodeumnear base of the hind coxae.(11). Female subgenital plate (hypopygidium)transverse, always inconspicuous.Xorides  is known from all biogeographic re-gions of the world except the Neantarctic. There are14 described species in the Neotropics, 21 in theNearctic, 45 in the Palaearctic, 40 in the Orientaltropics, 14 in the Afrotropics, and 8 in the Austra-lian region (Yu & Horstmann 1997). Townes (1960)records 4 species from Florida, X. humeralis (Say),X. stigmapterus (Say), X. rileyi (Ashmead), and X.semirufus Townes. Subsequent fieldwork has add-ed  X. albopictus (Cresson) and X. calidus (Pro-vancher) to the Florida list as well as providingadditional records for X. semirufus which previous-ly was known only from the holotype female. Thesenew locality records are now documented and arevised key is given to the Florida Xorides species.Key the Florida Species of Xorides1. Temple conspicuously marked with white; ovi-positor about 0.7 as long as fore wing............21'. No white on temple; ovipositor 1.0-1.4 as long asfore wing............................................................32. Occipital carina complete above; gaster in femalered on at least tergites 1-4, in male entirelyblack..................................................................... Xorides calidus2'. Occipital carina briefly interrupted above at mid-dle; gaster black with conspicuous white mark-ings....................................... Xorides albopictus3. Occipital carina broadly interrupted above; toothat upper end of epomia not strongly projecting;New records of Xorides (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae:Xoridinae) from FloridaCharles C. PorterFlorida State Collection of ArthropodsFlorida Department of Agriculture and Consumer ServicesP.O. Box 147100Gainesville, FL32614-7100Abstract. Xorides albopictus (Cresson) and Xorides calidus (Provancher) are recorded for the first time fromFlorida. New Florida records are given for Xorides semirufus Townes, previously known only from the holotypefemale collected near Archer in Alachua County in 1953. A key is provided to the Florida species of Xorides.A photograph of X. semirufus is included.Resumen. Se citan por primera vez para Florida las especies Xorides albopictus (Cresson) y Xorides calidus(Provancher). Se proporcionan nuevos registros para Florida de Xorides semirufus Townes, especie de la cualantes se conocía un solo ejemplar, el holotipo coleccionado en 1953 cerca de Archer en el Condado de Alachua.Se da una clave de las especies de Xorides conocidas del Estado de Florida.188 Volume 19, No. 3, September, INSECTA MUNDIpropodeum on apex of 2nd lateral area with aconspicuously projecting tooth; 2nd gastric terg-ite finely aciculate with weak punctures; ovi-positor 1.3-1.4 as long as fore wing; 3rd and 4thfront tarsomeres white . Xorides stigmapterus3'. Occipital carina complete; tooth at upper end ofepomia strongly produced; propodeum with alow broadly triangular or blunt tooth on apex of2nd lateral area; 2nd tergite at least in part withstrong punctation or reticulo-punctation; ovi-positor about 1.0 as long as fore wing; 3rd and 4thfront tarsomeres blackish or dull orange ......44. Second trochanter of fore leg with a subapicalthorn in front; temple with longitudinal striaethroughout; central lobe of mesoscutum with abroad median longitudinal groove; female ante-riorly on front tibia with only faint bristlelikesetae..................................... Xorides humeralis4'. Second trochanter of fore leg without a subapicalthorn in front; temple at least on upper 0.5without striae; central lobe of mesoscutum with-out a median longitudinal groove or with avestigial groove; fore tibia of female with somestout, bristlelike setae on its front surface ...55. Head and mesosoma bright red; 3rd and followinggastric tergites more or less white on apex; hindcoxa mostly black; 1st gastric tergite stout, al-most parallel sided, in female coarsely rugoso-punctate; fore tibia of female in front with a rowof 4 strong, spinelike bristles...........................................................................Xorides semirufus5'. Head and mesosoma mostly black with some dullred staining; no white on gastric tergites; hindcoxa in Florida specimens mostly bright red; 1stgastric tergite more slender, narrowing fromapex to base, in female with strong, mostly wellspaced punctation; fore tibia of female in frontwith numerous(up to 15 or 16)strong, appressed,unaligned spinelike setae ...........Xorides rileyiXorides semirufus Townes(Fig. 1)Material Examined. 2 females and 12 males.FLORIDA. Alachua Co., 2 miles west of Archer, 1female, 25-III-1953, H.F. Howden [AEI]; SE Gaines-ville, Kincaid Rd., 1 mile No. of Payne’s Prairie, OldField at edge of dry Oak Hammock, in MalaiseTrap, 2 males, 3-31-I-1999, 6 males, 20-II-6-III-1999, 1 male, 24-30-III-1999, 2 males, 3-IV-1999,B.D. Sutton [FSCA]; Gainesville, Beville Heights,18-20-V-1979, in Black Light Trap, 1 male, L.A.Stange [FSCA]; Gainesville, Rock Creek, VIII-1984,in Malaise Trap, 1 female, V.K. Gupta [FSCA]. Formany years X. semirufus was known only from thefemale holotype collected in scrub oak and pinewoods near Archer, Florida. Recent collecting byMalaise Trap has yielded a second female and 12males. Most of the new records also are from sandridge habitats. Like many other Florida ichneu-monids, this species is most abundant in winter andspring, with 2 records for January, 6 for February,2 for March, 2 for April, 1 for May, and 1 for August. Xorides rileyi (Ashmead)Material Examined. 3 females and 1 male. FLOR-IDA. Alachua Co., Gainesville, DPI woods, female,2-V-1997, 1 female, 21-V-1989, 1 male, 4-VI-1989,C. Porter; San Felasco Hammock State Preserve, 1female, 7-IV-1985, C. Porter.[FSCA]. This conspic-uous but rarely collected species inhabits hardwoodforests in the eastern United States fom New Yorkto Minnesota and south to Florida. In the northeastit has been reared from cerambycid beetle larvae(Anoplodera, Phymatodes) in Quercus and Casta-nea (Fagaceae). Florida specimens have the hindcoxa bright red, as opposed to black or black andreddish in populations from farther north. Rohwer(1913) regarded this form as a distinct species anddescribed it as Xylonomus ruficoxis on the basis ofa single female from Apalachicola in Franklin Coun-ty. Florida specimens were collected from earlyApril to the beginning of June, while farther northit has been most often found in June and July(Townes 1960).Xorides calidus (Provancher)Material Examined. 1 male. FLORIDA. AlachuaCo., Gainesville, DPI woods, 29-I-1986, V.K.Gupta[FSCA]. Xorides calidus is common in Tem-perate Deciduous forest of eastern North Americafrom Ontario to Saskatchewan south to North Caro-lina and Missouri. It has been reared from Astylop-sis macula (Cerambycidae) in Castanea dentata(Fagaceae) and from unidentified hosts in Acer(Aceraceae) and, more surprisingly, in the conife-ran Juniperus (Cupressaceae).Xorides albopictus (Cresson)Material Examined. 5 females and 2 males. FLOR-IDA. Alachua Co., Gainesville, north of Payne’sPrairie off US 441, moist hardwoods, 4 females, 29-I-6-II-1972, C. Porter; San Felasco Preserve, ma-ture Hardwood Hammock, 1 female and 1 male, 8-22-V-1986, C. Porter; Suwannee Co., Suwannee189 INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 19, No. 3, September, 2005River State Park, riparian hardwoods, in MalaiseTrap, 16-III-2-V-1997, C. Porter [FSCA]. This rela-tively abundant species ranges throughout theeastern United States and southern Canada, whereit frequents hardwood forests in which it may befound on the trunks and branches of recently deadtrees. It is known to parasitize cerambycid larvae ofthe genus Saperda (Townes1960), including S. dis-coidea in Carya(Juglandaceae)and S. tridentata inUlmus (Ulmaceae). In Florida it is active in winterand spring, but farther north it is most often collect-ed in June and July.Xorides stigmapterus (Say)Material Examined. 10 females and 18 males.FLORIDA. Alachua, Collier, Gadsden, Highlands,Liberty, Leon, and Santa Rosa Counties [FSCA].The records from Collier County (Naples, 2 males,24-V-1987, Belmont Trap 17) and Highlands Coun-ty (Archbold Biological Station, 2 males, in MalaiseTrap,15-16-I-1979, H.V. Weems, 30-IV- 1978, L.Lampert) are the first for subtropical south Florida.Xorides stigmapterus occupies an immense geo-graphic range from subarctic Labrador and Alaskasouth to Minnesota and Iowa on the west andFlorida in the east. Specimens from the northernpart of the range have the head and thorax mostlyblack; whereas, the head and thorax are red inmaterial from the southeastern states along theCoastal Plain from Maryland to Florida. Ashmead(1890) described the southern form as Xylonomusfloridanus on the basis of a single female fromArcher, Florida (Alachua County) and Townes (1960)relegated it to subspecific status under Xoridesstigmapterus. Xorides stigmapterus floridanus oc-Figure 1. Xorides semirufus, male, entire insect in dorsal view. (1) Projecting tooth at upper end of epomia; (2) Transverse suture onmesoscutum in front of prescutellar groove; (3) Longitudinal median carina in prescutellar groove; (4) Coarsely rugose and nearlyparallel sided 1st gastric tergite; (5) Coarsely punctate and puncto-rugose 2nd gastric tergite.190 Volume 19, No. 3, September, INSECTA MUNDIcurs in various kinds of pine forest and in mixedpine and hardwood associations. There are no hostrecords but I have observed it ovipositing in deadtrunks of Pinus taeda at Hudson, Maryland and ofPinus palustris at Gainesville, Florida. However,Townes (1960) records a specimen that emergedfrom a ‘decayed sweetgum log’ at Clyro, Georgia.On the other hand, X. s. stigmapterus, at least inthe northeastern United States, occurs in Temper-ate Deciduous Forest and has been reared fromcerambycid beetle larvae of the genera Anoploderain  Carya (Juglandaceae) and Dryobius in Tilia(Tiliaceae). Further study of host and habitat pref-erences thus may show that ‘X. stigmapterus’  isactually a complex of two or more sibling species.Like many other Florida ichneumonids, this spe-cies attains maximum abundance in spring, with 3records in January, 2 in March, 7 in April, 11 inMay, 2 in June, and 2 in August. Farther north it ismost abundant in summer but may appear as earlyas April and as late as November. Xorides humeralis (Say)Material Examined. 21 females and 14 males.FLORIDA. Alachua, Collier, Dade, Highlands, Hills-borough. Lake, Liberty, Manatee, Marion, Polk,Saint Lucie, Seminole, Sumpter, and Wakulla Coun-ties [FSCA]. This widely distributed and conspicu-ous species occurs throughout the United Statesand southeastern Canada south into Mexico. Itshows considerable geographic variation in colorand this has led Townes (1960) to divide it into 6subspecies but these must be abandoned becausethe characters used are unstable. Many Floridaspecimens, for example, are extensively ferrugi-nous but some are largely black. Most records of X.humeralis are from hardwood forests or from mixedhardwoods and pines. No host data is available forFlorida but in other states this species has beenreared from buprestid larvae of the genus Dicercain Diospyros (Ebenaceae) as well as from the ceram-bycids Neoclytus in Ilex (Aquifoliaceae), and Phy-matodes  in  Quercus (Fagaceae). In Florida, thisspecies has been collected at all seasons but is mostnumerous in spring. I have 1 record for February,4 in March, 8 in April, 5 in May, 6 in June, 2 in July,6 in September, 1 in October, 1 in November, and 2in December. Townes (1960) reports 1 Florida cap-ture in March, 3 in April, 2 in May, 1 in June, and1 in July. In the northeastern United States it mayappear as early as April and as late as Septemberbut is most abundant in the summer months.CollectionsAEI. American Entomological Institute, 3005 S.W.56th Avenue, Gainesville, Florida 32608.FSCA. Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Flor-ida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Ser-vices, Division of Plant Industry, P.O.Box 147100,Gainesville, Florida 32614. AcknowledgmentsI thank Dr. Michael C. Thomas of the FSCAand Dr. David Wahl of the AEI for access to theirrespective institutional collections. The FloridaDepartment of Recreation and Parks issued collect-ing permits. I also thank Julieta Brambila forreviewing the manuscript.Literature CitedAshmead, W.H. 1890. Description of new Ichneu-monidae in the collection of the U.S. NationalMuseum. Proceedings of the United States Na-tional Museum. 12:387-451.Rohwer, S.A. 1913. New Parasitic Hymenopterabelonging to the Tribe Xoridini. Proceedings ofthe United States National Museum. 45:353-361.Townes, H.K. 1960. Ichneumon-flies of Americanorth of Mèxico: 2. Subfamilies Ephialtinae,Xoridinae, and Acaenitinae. United States Na-tional Museum Bulletin. 216: pp. 676.Yu, D. S. and Horstmann, K. 1997. A Catalogueof World Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera). Mem-oirs of the American Entomological Institute.58. Part 2:764-1558. Subfamilies Orthocentri-nae to Xoridinae.

New records of Xorides (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Xoridinae) from Florida

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