Eichler, Jerry

Maupin-Furlow, Julie

Soppa, Jörg (Prof. Dr.)

English

Hochschulschriftenserver - Universität Frankfurt am Main

Hindawi Publishing CorporationArchaeaVolume 2010, Article ID 643046, 2 pagesdoi:10.1155/2010/643046EditorialArchaeal Protein Biogenesis:Posttranslational Modiﬁcation and DegradationJerry Eichler,1 Julie Maupin-Furlow,2 andJoergSoppa31Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel2Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA3Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Frankfurt University, 60325 Frankfurt, GermanyCorrespondence should be addressed to Jerry Eichler, jeichler@bgu.ac.ilReceived 1 August 2010; Accepted 1 August 2010Copyright © 2010 Jerry Eichler et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.The study of Archaea at the DNA and RNA levels hasprovided considerable insight into replication, transcription,and other information-associated events which are eitherunique to this remarkable group of organisms or whichwere later found to also occur in Bacteria and/or Eukarya.In contrast, largely due to a lack of suitable model systemsand a limited number of appropriate molecular tools,considerablylesswasknownaboutarchaealproteinsintermsof their biogenesis, modiﬁcation, traﬃcking, or degradation.In recent years, however, we have witnessed major advancesin proteomics, successful in vitro reconstitutions, and thedevelopment of reporter systems compatible with extremeconditions.Relyingonsuchtools,insightintodiﬀerentstagesin the life of archaeal proteins has begun to accumulate.In this special issue of Archaea, we present a series ofarticles addressing the current state of understanding ofselected facets of archaeal protein biogenesis and process-ing.An article by De Koning et al. discussing how ﬁdelityin archaeal information processing at the DNA, RNA, andprotein levels is achieved begins this special issue. Rotherand Krzycki then address proteins containing the unusualanimoacids,selenocysteine,andpyrrolysine,asrelatedtotheunique energy metabolism of methanogenic archaea. Soppacompares one speciﬁc posttranslational modiﬁcation, acety-lation, across evolutionary lines, while Botting et al. discussthe importance of lysine methylation in hyperthermophiliccrenarchaeota. Questions related to protein assembly areconsidered when Iwasaki addresses the iron-sulfur world inhyperthermoacidophilic archaea.Protein degradation is the focus of two articles in thisspecial issue. Makarova and Koonin rely on comparativegenomic analysis to reveal functional versatility of archaealubiquitin-like proteins, while Humbard et al. report onthe phosphorylation and methylation of Haloferax volcaniiproteasomal proteins.Archaeal cell surface proteins undergo a variety of post-translational modiﬁcations. However, such proteins mustﬁrst be targeted to and traverse the plasma membrane.Accordingly, Zwieb and Bhuiyan discuss the latest ﬁndingson the archaeal signal recognition particle targeting system.Storf et al. address questions related to the biogenesis ofone class of membrane proteins, namely, lipoproteins. Anarticle by Ellen et al. considers archaeal protein export anddescribes diﬀerent cell surface structures, while a reportby Jarrell et al. focuses on the S-layer glycoprotein andﬂagella as reporters of choice of diﬀerent protein processingevents. With this in mind, Peyfoon and colleagues describethe N-linked glycan decorating the S-layer glycoproteinof Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. Finally, Kaminski and Eichlerconsider the workings of AglD, one of the enzymes whichis involved in Haloferax volcanii S-layer glycoprotein N-glycosylation.In this, the ﬁrst special issue of Archaea dedicated toarchaeal protein biogenesis, we have tried to give the readera sampling of the current research scene. It is our sincerehope that the community will ﬁnd interest in the articlesincluded here. More importantly, it is our intention that thework presented will stimulate other laboratories to beginstudying questions related to archaeal protein biogenesis,2 Archaeahopefully in time for the next installment of this specialissue.Jerry EichlerJulie Maupin-FurlowJoerg Soppa

Archaeal protein biogenesis: posttranslational modification and degradation

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