Abstract. Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, new genus and species, is described and illustrated from Venezuela and compared with other genera of the Brachynemurini (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae).    Resumen. Se describe e ilustra Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, n. gen., n. sp., de Venezuela (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae, Brachynemurini)

Miller, Robert B.

English

DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska

University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Insecta Mundi Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida 12-2008 A new genus and species of Brachynemurini from Venezuela (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae) Robert B. Miller Redding, CA Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi  Part of the Entomology Commons Miller, Robert B., "A new genus and species of Brachynemurini from Venezuela (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)" (2008). Insecta Mundi. 587. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/587 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FLA new genus and species of Brachynemurini from Venezuela(Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)Robert B. Miller12304 Alpha LaneRedding, CA 96003Date of Issue: December 5, 2008INSECTAMUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics0059Robert B. MillerA new genus and species of Brachynemurini from Venezuela(Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)Insecta Mundi 0059: 1-5Published in 2008 byCenter for Systematic Entomology, Inc.P. O. Box 141874Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 U. S. A.http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published onany non-marine arthropod taxon. Manuscripts considered for publication include, but are not limited to,systematic or taxonomic studies, revisions, nomenclatural changes, faunal studies, book reviews, phylo-genetic analyses, biological or behavioral studies, etc. Insecta Mundi is widely distributed, and refer-enced or abstracted by several sources including the Zoological Record, CAB Abstracts, etc.As of 2007, Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, not as quarterly issues. Asmanuscripts are completed they are published and given an individual number. Manuscripts must bepeer reviewed prior to submission, after which they are again reviewed by the editorial board to insurequality. One author of each submitted manuscript must be a current member of the Center for System-atic Entomology.Managing editor: Paul E. Skelley, e-mail: insectamundi@gmail.comProduction editor: Michael C. Thomas, e-mail: insectamundi@gmail.comEditorial board: J. H. Frank, M. J. PaulsenPrinted copies deposited in libraries of:CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaMuseu de Zoologia, São Paulo, BrazilAgriculture and Agrifood Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaThe Natural History Museum, London, EnglandMuzeum I Instytut Zoologii Pan, Warsaw, PolandNational Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanCalifornia Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USAFlorida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, USAField Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USANational Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USAElectronic copies in PDF format:Printed CD mailed to all members at end of year.Florida Center for Library Automation: purl.fcla.edu/fcla/insectamundiUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Digital Commons: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/Author instructions available on the Insecta Mundi page at:http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/insectamundi/Printed Copy ISSN 0749-6737On-Line ISSN 1942-1354CD-ROM ISSN 1942-136210059: 1-5 2008A new genus and species of Brachynemurini from Venezuela(Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)Robert B. Miller12304 Alpha LaneRedding, CA 96003Abstract. Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, new genus and species, is described and illustrated from Venezuela andcompared with other genera of the Brachynemurini (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae).Resumen. Se describe e ilustra Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, n. gen., n. sp., de Venezuela (Neuroptera,Myrmeleontidae, Brachynemurini).IntroductionExamination of material collected by Miller and Stange in 1988 in Venezuela revealed a genus ofBrachynemurini not included in Stange (1994). This genus is remarkable in the modification of thepretarsal claws and tarsus and in having antennal calli.Stangeleon Miller, new genus(Figure 1-13)Type species. Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, n. sp., here designated.Diagnosis. This genus differs from all others in the Brachynemurini by the possession of fourautapomorphies. The distal tarsomere is short and greatly enlarged and flattened, with a patch of en-larged setae for engaging with the pretarsal claws (Fig. 6). The male antenna has many calli onflagellomeres VII to XXIV (Fig. 2, 3). The alary membrane of the hind wing of the male has a series ofsmall, black pegs along posterior margin between pilula axillaris and the metanotum (Fig. 4). Also, themale genitalia are distinctive (Fig. 8).Description. Adult. Greatest eye width much less than interocular distance; antennal sockets widelyseparated, distance between them about 1.7 times socket width; frons without setae; antenna same lengthin both sexes; fore femur without clavate setae or setal comb; fore femoral sense hair at least three-fourthsas long as femur; tibial spurs present; pretarsal claws capable of closing upon distal tarsomere which isenlarged with patch of specialized setae (Fig. 6); pretarsal claws longer than hind basitarsus and aboutequal to length of distal tarsomere, about same length as tibial spurs; mesonotum without blade-likesetae; scutelli with well developed white setae posteriorly; hind wing (Fig. 1) shorter than fore wing, inrepose apices nearly coincide; pilula axillaris well developed; alary membrane of hind wing of male (Fig. 4)with series of small, black pegs along posterior margin between pilula axillaris and metanotum; weakanterior Banksian line in both wings; fore wing costal area simple; hind wing vein CuA bends to posteriormargin at or before medial fork, only 1 or 2 crossveins between CuA and posterior fork of MP2 (Fig. 1);posterior area of hind wing less than twice as high as corresponding area of fore wing; posterior area ofhind wing narrower than presectoral area before radial sector; fore wing vein CuP + lA only runs alongposterior fork of CuA for a short distance, interconnected by about 4 cross veins; hind wing CuA runsalong posterior fork of medial for a short distance; radial sector originates a little basad of medial fork inhind wing, about 3-4 presectoral cross veins; postventral lobe of male ectoproct well developed, about 8times as long as median diameter (Fig. 7); sternite IX much wider than long, not produced medially; malegenitalia highly modified (Fig. 8), gonarcus broadly expanded, plate-like laterally with lateral tooth;mediuncus separated from gonarcus, arched, bifurcate ventrally, with 4 large setae laterally; paramerehatchet-shaped posteriorly. Female terminalia (Fig. 9) lacking pregenital plate, stout setae on anteriorand posterior gonapophysis and ectopocts; posterior gonapophysis about 5 times longer than median di-2 INSECTA MUNDI 0059, December 2008 MILLERameter, somewhat swollen posteriorly, bearing about six well developed setae that are longer thangonapophysis (Fig. 8).Larva. Mandible as long as head capsule viewed ventrally (Fig. 12), distance between basal and distalteeth equal to that between base of mandible and basal tooth; head capsule (Fig. 11) about twice as wideas long (measured dorsally); dorsal and ventral surface of head capsule with dolichasters, with somesimple short setae ventrally; mesothoracic spiracle borne on tubercle that is longer its than basal width;abdominal tergites without thickened setae or thread-like setae; abdominal spiracles enlarged; sterniteVIII (Fig. 13) with submedian teeth whose length are equal to basal widths.Discussion. Stangeleon is not closely related to other genera of the tribe in that it has highly modifiedpretarsal claws, calli on the male antenna, and black pegs along the posterior margin of the alary mem-brane of the male. Also, the male genitalia are distinctive. The larva has the widest head capsule knownso far in the tribe (Stange and Miller 1990). The hind wing vein CuA bends to posterior margin at or beforemedial fork, only 1 or 2 cross veins between CuA and posterior fork of MP2, which is found in manygenera of the Brachynemurini. These genera differ from Stangeleon either by having clavate setae orelongate white setae on the fore femur, shorter fore femoral sense hair or shorter male postventral lobe.The genus is named in honor of Lionel A. Stange, noted neuropterist.Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, new speciesHolotype male. Rio Orituco, 15 km south of Calabozo, Guarico, Venezuela, 27.II.1988, Miller and Stange(FSCA).Diagnosis. This straw colored species is easily identified by the elongate labial palps (Fig. 5), which areonly duplicated in the tribe by the North American species Scotoleon longipalpis (Hagen) and Scotoleondeflexus Adams. Since this genus has only one species, the diagnostic characters (modified tarsi, calli onFigure 1-4. Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, adult male. 1) Dorsal habitus. 2) Head and pronotum. 3) Rightantenna. 4) Alary membrane of hind wing showing black pegs.1 23 4INSECTA MUNDI 0059, December 2008  3A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF BRACHYNEMURINIthe antennae, male genitalia and specialized peg-like setae on hind wing alary membrane) of the genusalso serve to distinguish the species. The larva is distinctive in having an extremely wide head capsule(about twice as wide as long in dorsal view).Holotype male. Length from head to eighth abdominal segment 32 mm. Length of fore wing 17 mm,width 4 mm at widest point; hind wing length 15 mm, width 3.5 mm at widest point.General coloration straw colored. Head (Fig. 2) with anterior area of vertex brown; middle row of vertexwith a complete, distinct dark brown line extending between ocular rims; posterior row of vertex palestraw with dark setal bases. Face, petioles and labrum pale straw colored. Antenna mottled with darkbrown with pale straw color on posterior side; brown calli (Fig. 3) on flagellomeres 7 to 24, with rims ofdark setae on flagellomeres 7 to 18. Pronotum pale straw colored with scattered dark setal bases bearingpale setae. Prescutum similar to pronotum, except for dark brown areas anteriorly, with pale areasbetween. Mesoscutellum pale straw colored; mesoscutum pale medially with lateral one-third dark brownabove forewing base. Metascutellum pale straw colored at center with dark median line, darkened in areaof hind wing base. Abdomen with tergite I straw colored with median brown spot and median black line,with light brown areas at setal bases. Tergite II straw colored with anterior lateral dark areas andmedian black line; tergite III straw colored with small dark median spot near posterior margin. TergiteIV straw colored with median dark brown spot at anterior and posterior margins. Tergites V, VI and VIImottled with light brown with submedian pale areas on posterior margins; sternite II with median darkY-mark on light brown background; sternites III to IX light brown; postventral lobes straw colored withthe inner ventral lateral surface with dark markings one half length of lobes. Fore coxa with two diagonalFigure 5-9. Stangeleon longipalpus Miller. 5) Front view of head of female. 6) Hind tarsus. 7) Posterior part ofmale abdomen. 8) Male genitalia. 9) Expanded ventral of female terminalia.567894 INSECTA MUNDI 0059, December 2008 MILLERmarkings on outer lateral face; distal one half of fore femur marked in dark brown; fore tibia pale strawcolored; mid coxa with outer lateral brown markings; mid femur with two wide brown stripes on strawcolored background running length-wise on inner lateral surface; mid tibia pale straw; hind coxa mostlypale brown with some darker brown areas posteriorly; hind femur and tibia all pale straw colored. Wingsstraw colored with some dark brown veins and crossveins and small series of dark brown spots alongsubcostal area of fore wing.Chaetotaxy as follows: head with small simple setae; pronotum with short to long pale setae;prescutum with pair of coarse white setae pointing anteriorly; mesoscutellum with several white setae onposterior margin; abdomen with long, simple light brown setae; postventral lobe and ectoproct as in Fig.7, with dark setae near posterior margin. Legs with long white stiff simple setae, except for black special-ized setae on tarsomeres 2, 3, 4, and 5.Structure as follows: Greatest ocular width shorter than interocular distance (Fig. 5); antennastrongly clavate, with 26 flagellomeres; labial palpus elongate, distal palpomere about as long as interoculardistance; pronotum about twice as long as wide; pilula axillaris moderately developed; all legs about samelength; pretarsal claws, basitarsus and distal tarsomere about same length and slightly shorter thantibial spurs; abdomen much longer than wings; postventral lobe of ectoproct about eight times longerthan wide; male genitalia as in Fig. 8.Figure 10-13. Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, third instar larva. 10) Dorsal view (reared, specimen became holotypemale). 11) Head with mandibles spread, dorsal view (reared, specimen became holotype male). 12) Head of castskin in ventral view. 13) Sternite VIII of cast skin from cocoon.11121013INSECTA MUNDI 0059, December 2008  5A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF BRACHYNEMURINIFemale. Similar to male, but without calli on antennae or black peg-like setae on alary membrane; pilulaaxillaris absent; abdomen much longer than wings; terminalia as in Fig. 9.Larva. (Fig. 10-13) Length of head, thorax and abdomen about 7.7 mm. Head 1.6 mm wide; abdomen 4.8mm wide. Coloration with mandibles brown; head light brown with body straw colored with brown mark-ings as in Fig. 10; ventral head capsule clear without markings. Mandibles are about as long as the headcapsule viewed ventrally with the middle tooth closer to the distal tooth than the basal tooth. Distancefrom basal tooth to distal tooth about equal to distance of basal tooth to mandibular base. Head capsule istwice as wide as long (dorsal view) or three- fourths as long as wide (ventrally), with many dolichastersdorsally and some simple setae ventrally. Palpi are shorter than width of mandibular base. Ocelli are allblack (indicating diurnal feeding) and are protected by two or three stout guard setae. Abdomen withoutscoli, but with raised spiracles which are about as wide as long; eighth sternite with many stout diggingsetae and sublateral teeth which are about as long as wide (Fig. 13).Paratypes. 2 females, l male, Rio Orituco, 15 km. south of Calabozo, Guarico, Venezuela, 27.II.1988, R.Miller and L. Stange (FSCA).Biology. Stangeleon longipalpus larvae were found in an elevated area near a river. The larval habitatwas small mounds of fine sand with bushes underlain with bare soil and scattered leaves. The author wasdrawn to the site when he saw scattered dead, crumpled ants on the surface. Shade provided by thebushes helped to keep the soil temperatures reduced. The soil was subject to periodical wetting and dryingdue to rain. This caused some compaction of the soil. Each larva was living in a small area of surface soilonly a little larger than its body and waiting for prey such as ants to walk overhead. Blowing the soil withan aspirator removed enough sand to reveal the larvae. These larvae are slow moving when exposed,walking or digging very slowly. Only the head moves fast when grasping prey. Evidently they feed mostlyduring the day because the ocelli are all black, which is usually correlated to diurnal feeding. Cocoons areabout 5.5 mm in diameter and are made close to the surface. Adults were collected at night and early inthe morning. Like the co-existing Venezueleon guarica Stange adults, they sat on grass stems during theday and were reluctant to move or fly when disturbed, not even flying when a net was placed over them.The grassy area along the river where the adults were night collected was undulant and when individualswere seen by lantern light they were chased down. This species, unlike many antlions, flies away fromlight and must be chased down at night. They are not fast flyers. The capture of only three individuals,during many hours of collecting by two people, indicates the relative rarity of this species.AcknowledgmentsThanks are due to Susan Trammel for the line drawings, Dr. Paul Skelley for assistance with theAuto-Montage photographs and Drs. Charles C. Porter and Lionel A. Stange for critical review of themanuscript.Literature CitedStange, L. A. 1994. Reclassification of the New World antlion genera formerly included in the tribeBrachynemurini. Insecta Mundi 8: 67-119.Stange, L. A., and R. B. Miller. 1990. Classification of the Myrmeleontidae based on larvae. p. 151-169.In: M. W. Mansell and H. Aspöck (eds.). Advances in Neuropterology. Proceedings of the Third Inter-national Symposium on Neuropterology (Berg en Dal, Kruger National Park, R.S.A.). Department ofAgricultural Development; Pretoria, R.S.A. 298 p.Received October 21, 2008; accepted November 26, 2008.6 INSECTA MUNDI 0059, December 2008 MILLER

A new genus and species of Brachynemurini from Venezuela (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)

Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, new genus and species, is described and illustrated from Venezuela and compared with other genera of the Brachynemurini (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)

Hochschulschriftenserver - Universität Frankfurt am Main

CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FLA new genus and species of Brachynemurini from Venezuela(Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)Robert B. Miller12304 Alpha LaneRedding, CA 96003Date of Issue: December 5, 2008INSECTAMUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics0059Robert B. MillerA new genus and species of Brachynemurini from Venezuela(Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)Insecta Mundi 0059: 1-5Published in 2008 byCenter for Systematic Entomology, Inc.P. O. Box 141874Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 U. S. A.http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published onany non-marine arthropod taxon. Manuscripts considered for publication include, but are not limited to,systematic or taxonomic studies, revisions, nomenclatural changes, faunal studies, book reviews, phylo-genetic analyses, biological or behavioral studies, etc. Insecta Mundi is widely distributed, and refer-enced or abstracted by several sources including the Zoological Record, CAB Abstracts, etc.As of 2007, Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, not as quarterly issues. Asmanuscripts are completed they are published and given an individual number. Manuscripts must bepeer reviewed prior to submission, after which they are again reviewed by the editorial board to insurequality. One author of each submitted manuscript must be a current member of the Center for System-atic Entomology.Managing editor: Paul E. Skelley, e-mail: insectamundi@gmail.comProduction editor: Michael C. Thomas, e-mail: insectamundi@gmail.comEditorial board: J. H. Frank, M. J. PaulsenPrinted copies deposited in libraries of:CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, AustraliaMuseu de Zoologia, São Paulo, BrazilAgriculture and Agrifood Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaThe Natural History Museum, London, EnglandMuzeum I Instytut Zoologii Pan, Warsaw, PolandNational Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanCalifornia Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USAFlorida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville, FL, USAField Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USANational Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USAElectronic copies in PDF format:Printed CD mailed to all members at end of year.Florida Center for Library Automation: purl.fcla.edu/fcla/insectamundiUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Digital Commons: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/Author instructions available on the Insecta Mundi page at:http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/insectamundi/Printed Copy ISSN 0749-6737On-Line ISSN 1942-1354CD-ROM ISSN 1942-136210059: 1-5 2008A new genus and species of Brachynemurini from Venezuela(Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)Robert B. Miller12304 Alpha LaneRedding, CA 96003Abstract. Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, new genus and species, is described and illustrated from Venezuela andcompared with other genera of the Brachynemurini (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae).Resumen. Se describe e ilustra Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, n. gen., n. sp., de Venezuela (Neuroptera,Myrmeleontidae, Brachynemurini).IntroductionExamination of material collected by Miller and Stange in 1988 in Venezuela revealed a genus ofBrachynemurini not included in Stange (1994). This genus is remarkable in the modification of thepretarsal claws and tarsus and in having antennal calli.Stangeleon Miller, new genus(Figure 1-13)Type species.Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, n. sp., here designated.Diagnosis. This genus differs from all others in the Brachynemurini by the possession of fourautapomorphies. The distal tarsomere is short and greatly enlarged and flattened, with a patch of en-larged setae for engaging with the pretarsal claws (Fig. 6). The male antenna has many calli onflagellomeres VII to XXIV (Fig. 2, 3). The alary membrane of the hind wing of the male has a series ofsmall, black pegs along posterior margin between pilula axillaris and the metanotum (Fig. 4). Also, themale genitalia are distinctive (Fig. 8).Description. Adult. Greatest eye width much less than interocular distance; antennal sockets widelyseparated, distance between them about 1.7 times socket width; frons without setae; antenna same lengthin both sexes; fore femur without clavate setae or setal comb; fore femoral sense hair at least three-fourthsas long as femur; tibial spurs present; pretarsal claws capable of closing upon distal tarsomere which isenlarged with patch of specialized setae (Fig. 6); pretarsal claws longer than hind basitarsus and aboutequal to length of distal tarsomere, about same length as tibial spurs; mesonotum without blade-likesetae; scutelli with well developed white setae posteriorly; hind wing (Fig. 1) shorter than fore wing, inrepose apices nearly coincide; pilula axillaris well developed; alary membrane of hind wing of male (Fig. 4)with series of small, black pegs along posterior margin between pilula axillaris and metanotum; weakanterior Banksian line in both wings; fore wing costal area simple; hind wing vein CuA bends to posteriormargin at or before medial fork, only 1 or 2 crossveins between CuA and posterior fork of MP2 (Fig. 1);posterior area of hind wing less than twice as high as corresponding area of fore wing; posterior area ofhind wing narrower than presectoral area before radial sector; fore wing vein CuP + lA only runs alongposterior fork of CuA for a short distance, interconnected by about 4 cross veins; hind wing CuA runsalong posterior fork of medial for a short distance; radial sector originates a little basad of medial fork inhind wing, about 3-4 presectoral cross veins; postventral lobe of male ectoproct well developed, about 8times as long as median diameter (Fig. 7); sternite IX much wider than long, not produced medially; malegenitalia highly modified (Fig. 8), gonarcus broadly expanded, plate-like laterally with lateral tooth;mediuncus separated from gonarcus, arched, bifurcate ventrally, with 4 large setae laterally; paramerehatchet-shaped posteriorly. Female terminalia (Fig. 9) lacking pregenital plate, stout setae on anteriorand posterior gonapophysis and ectopocts; posterior gonapophysis about 5 times longer than median di-2 I NSECTA M UNDI 0059, December 2008 MILLERameter, somewhat swollen posteriorly, bearing about six well developed setae that are longer thangonapophysis (Fig. 8).Larva. Mandible as long as head capsule viewed ventrally (Fig. 12), distance between basal and distalteeth equal to that between base of mandible and basal tooth; head capsule (Fig. 11) about twice as wideas long (measured dorsally); dorsal and ventral surface of head capsule with dolichasters, with somesimple short setae ventrally; mesothoracic spiracle borne on tubercle that is longer its than basal width;abdominal tergites without thickened setae or thread-like setae; abdominal spiracles enlarged; sterniteVIII (Fig. 13) with submedian teeth whose length are equal to basal widths.Discussion. Stangeleon is not closely related to other genera of the tribe in that it has highly modifiedpretarsal claws, calli on the male antenna, and black pegs along the posterior margin of the alary mem-brane of the male. Also, the male genitalia are distinctive. The larva has the widest head capsule knownso far in the tribe (Stange and Miller 1990). The hind wing vein CuA bends to posterior margin at or beforemedial fork, only 1 or 2 cross veins between CuA and posterior fork of MP2, which is found in manygenera of the Brachynemurini. These genera differ from Stangeleon either by having clavate setae orelongate white setae on the fore femur, shorter fore femoral sense hair or shorter male postventral lobe.The genus is named in honor of Lionel A. Stange, noted neuropterist.Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, new speciesHolotype male. Rio Orituco, 15 km south of Calabozo, Guarico, Venezuela, 27.II.1988, Miller and Stange(FSCA).Diagnosis. This straw colored species is easily identified by the elongate labial palps (Fig. 5), which areonly duplicated in the tribe by the North American species Scotoleon longipalpis (Hagen) and Scotoleondeflexus Adams. Since this genus has only one species, the diagnostic characters (modified tarsi, calli onFigure 1-4. Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, adult male. 1) Dorsal habitus. 2) Head and pronotum. 3) Rightantenna. 4) Alary membrane of hind wing showing black pegs.1 23 4INSECTA MUNDI 0059, December 2008  3 A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF BRACHYNEMURINIthe antennae, male genitalia and specialized peg-like setae on hind wing alary membrane) of the genusalso serve to distinguish the species. The larva is distinctive in having an extremely wide head capsule(about twice as wide as long in dorsal view).Holotype male. Length from head to eighth abdominal segment 32 mm. Length of fore wing 17 mm,width 4 mm at widest point; hind wing length 15 mm, width 3.5 mm at widest point.General coloration straw colored. Head (Fig. 2) with anterior area of vertex brown; middle row of vertexwith a complete, distinct dark brown line extending between ocular rims; posterior row of vertex palestraw with dark setal bases. Face, petioles and labrum pale straw colored. Antenna mottled with darkbrown with pale straw color on posterior side; brown calli (Fig. 3) on flagellomeres 7 to 24, with rims ofdark setae on flagellomeres 7 to 18. Pronotum pale straw colored with scattered dark setal bases bearingpale setae. Prescutum similar to pronotum, except for dark brown areas anteriorly, with pale areasbetween. Mesoscutellum pale straw colored; mesoscutum pale medially with lateral one-third dark brownabove forewing base. Metascutellum pale straw colored at center with dark median line, darkened in areaof hind wing base. Abdomen with tergite I straw colored with median brown spot and median black line,with light brown areas at setal bases. Tergite II straw colored with anterior lateral dark areas andmedian black line; tergite III straw colored with small dark median spot near posterior margin. TergiteIV straw colored with median dark brown spot at anterior and posterior margins. Tergites V, VI and VIImottled with light brown with submedian pale areas on posterior margins; sternite II with median darkY-mark on light brown background; sternites III to IX light brown; postventral lobes straw colored withthe inner ventral lateral surface with dark markings one half length of lobes. Fore coxa with two diagonalFigure 5-9. Stangeleon longipalpus Miller. 5) Front view of head of female. 6) Hind tarsus. 7) Posterior part ofmale abdomen. 8) Male genitalia. 9) Expanded ventral of female terminalia.567894 I NSECTA M UNDI 0059, December 2008 MILLERmarkings on outer lateral face; distal one half of fore femur marked in dark brown; fore tibia pale strawcolored; mid coxa with outer lateral brown markings; mid femur with two wide brown stripes on strawcolored background running length-wise on inner lateral surface; mid tibia pale straw; hind coxa mostlypale brown with some darker brown areas posteriorly; hind femur and tibia all pale straw colored. Wingsstraw colored with some dark brown veins and crossveins and small series of dark brown spots alongsubcostal area of fore wing.Chaetotaxy as follows: head with small simple setae; pronotum with short to long pale setae;prescutum with pair of coarse white setae pointing anteriorly; mesoscutellum with several white setae onposterior margin; abdomen with long, simple light brown setae; postventral lobe and ectoproct as in Fig.7, with dark setae near posterior margin. Legs with long white stiff simple setae, except for black special-ized setae on tarsomeres 2, 3, 4, and 5.Structure as follows: Greatest ocular width shorter than interocular distance (Fig. 5); antennastrongly clavate, with 26 flagellomeres; labial palpus elongate, distal palpomere about as long as interoculardistance; pronotum about twice as long as wide; pilula axillaris moderately developed; all legs about samelength; pretarsal claws, basitarsus and distal tarsomere about same length and slightly shorter thantibial spurs; abdomen much longer than wings; postventral lobe of ectoproct about eight times longerthan wide; male genitalia as in Fig. 8.Figure 10-13. Stangeleon longipalpus Miller, third instar larva. 10) Dorsal view (reared, specimen became holotypemale). 11) Head with mandibles spread, dorsal view (reared, specimen became holotype male). 12) Head of castskin in ventral view. 13) Sternite VIII of cast skin from cocoon.11121013INSECTA MUNDI 0059, December 2008  5 A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF BRACHYNEMURINIFemale.Similar to male, but without calli on antennae or black peg-like setae on alary membrane; pilulaaxillaris absent; abdomen much longer than wings; terminalia as in Fig. 9.Larva. (Fig. 10-13) Length of head, thorax and abdomen about 7.7 mm. Head 1.6 mm wide; abdomen 4.8mm wide. Coloration with mandibles brown; head light brown with body straw colored with brown mark-ings as in Fig. 10; ventral head capsule clear without markings. Mandibles are about as long as the headcapsule viewed ventrally with the middle tooth closer to the distal tooth than the basal tooth. Distancefrom basal tooth to distal tooth about equal to distance of basal tooth to mandibular base. Head capsule istwice as wide as long (dorsal view) or three- fourths as long as wide (ventrally), with many dolichastersdorsally and some simple setae ventrally. Palpi are shorter than width of mandibular base. Ocelli are allblack (indicating diurnal feeding) and are protected by two or three stout guard setae. Abdomen withoutscoli, but with raised spiracles which are about as wide as long; eighth sternite with many stout diggingsetae and sublateral teeth which are about as long as wide (Fig. 13).Paratypes. 2 females, l male, Rio Orituco, 15 km. south of Calabozo, Guarico, Venezuela, 27.II.1988, R.Miller and L. Stange (FSCA).Biology. Stangeleon longipalpus larvae were found in an elevated area near a river. The larval habitatwas small mounds of fine sand with bushes underlain with bare soil and scattered leaves. The author wasdrawn to the site when he saw scattered dead, crumpled ants on the surface. Shade provided by thebushes helped to keep the soil temperatures reduced. The soil was subject to periodical wetting and dryingdue to rain. This caused some compaction of the soil. Each larva was living in a small area of surface soilonly a little larger than its body and waiting for prey such as ants to walk overhead. Blowing the soil withan aspirator removed enough sand to reveal the larvae. These larvae are slow moving when exposed,walking or digging very slowly. Only the head moves fast when grasping prey. Evidently they feed mostlyduring the day because the ocelli are all black, which is usually correlated to diurnal feeding. Cocoons areabout 5.5 mm in diameter and are made close to the surface. Adults were collected at night and early inthe morning. Like the co-existing Venezueleon guarica Stange adults, they sat on grass stems during theday and were reluctant to move or fly when disturbed, not even flying when a net was placed over them.The grassy area along the river where the adults were night collected was undulant and when individualswere seen by lantern light they were chased down. This species, unlike many antlions, flies away fromlight and must be chased down at night. They are not fast flyers. The capture of only three individuals,during many hours of collecting by two people, indicates the relative rarity of this species.AcknowledgmentsThanks are due to Susan Trammel for the line drawings, Dr. Paul Skelley for assistance with theAuto-Montage photographs and Drs. Charles C. Porter and Lionel A. Stange for critical review of themanuscript.Literature CitedStange, L. A. 1994. Reclassification of the New World antlion genera formerly included in the tribeBrachynemurini. Insecta Mundi 8: 67-119.Stange, L. A., and R. B. Miller. 1990. Classification of the Myrmeleontidae based on larvae. p. 151-169.In: M. W. Mansell and H. Aspöck (eds.). Advances in Neuropterology. Proceedings of the Third Inter-national Symposium on Neuropterology (Berg en Dal, Kruger National Park, R.S.A.). Department ofAgricultural Development; Pretoria, R.S.A. 298 p.Received October 21, 2008; accepted November 26, 2008.6 I NSECTA M UNDI 0059, December 2008 MILLER

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A new genus and species of Brachynemurini from Venezuela (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)

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