Longitudinally Followed up Study of Maxillary Growth on Crossing from Mixed to Permanent Dentition

Abstract

U longitudinalno praćenom uzorku sastavljenom od 28 ispitanika s normalnom i 45 ispitanika s dizgnatom okluzijom provedena je procjena čeljusnoga rasta u dvogodišnjem razdoblju pomoću analize četiriju kvalitativnih i osam kvantitativnih varijabla. Ispitanici su pregledani dva puta: tijekom nicanja prvih pretkutnjaka i dvije godine kasnije, tijekom nicanja drugih trajnih kutnjaka. Svrha istraživanja bila je utvrditi specifičnosti rasta svake od definiranih skupina, te upozoriti na značajnije razlike među njima. Rezultati istraživanja uputili su na sljedeće: u dizgnatoj skupini najučestalija je klasa II, a promjena između dva pregleda nema. Transverzalni pomaci mandibule učestaliji su i jače izraženi u dizgnatoj skupini, s povećanjem učestalosti tijekom dvogodišnjega razdoblja. Zbijenost ili rastresitost pojavljuju se u obje skupine i podložne su dinamici. Zbijenost je učestalija u dizgnatoj skupini i brojčano raste s dobi, dok je rastresitost nešto veća u normalnoj skupini i izrazito se smanjuje s dobi. U cjelokupnu uzorku, širina i visina gornje čeljusti lagano se povećavaju, dok se stražnja dužina smanjuje, kao i incizalna stepenica. U skupini s normalnom okluzijom raste i dubina prijeklopa, a u dizgnatoj prednja dužina. U skupini s normalnom okluzijom statistički su značajno veće vrijednosti varijabla: širine u oba pregleda, a u drugom pregledu prednja dužina i visina. U dizgnatoj skupini u oba pregleda nešto su veće vrijednosti zbroja inciziva, incizalne stepenice, dubine zagriza, a pri prvom pregledu i stražnje dužine.Maxillary growth was assessed in a sample of 28 subjects with normal and 45 subjects with dysgnathic occlusion, longitudinally followed up during a two-year period. Four qualitative and 8 quantitative variables were observed. The subjects were examined on two occasions: during eruption of first premolars and two years later, during eruption of second permanent molars. The aim of the study was to determine the specificity of the growth in each of the groups and to point to major differences between them. Results of the study suggested the following conclusions: class II was most frequent in the dysgnathic group, with no changes between the two examinations; transversal shift of the mandible was more frequent and pronounced in the dysgnathic group, with an increasing frequency during the two-year period of observation; compactness and looseness undergoing dynamic changes were observed in both groups; compactness was more frequent in the dysgnathic group and increased in number with age, whereas looseness was slightly higher in the normal group and markedly decreased with age. Considering the sample as a whole, the width and height of the maxilla were on a slight increase. In the group of subjects with normal occlusion the same was also observed for the depth of overbite, and in the group of dysgnathic subjects for the anterior length. In the group with normal occlusion, the values of the following variables were statistically increased: widths on both examinations, and anterior length and height on the second examination. In the group of dysgnathic subjects, the values of the sum of incisors, incisal step and bite depth were higher on both examinations, and so were also posterior lengths on the initial examination