History of Dentistry as a Profession in Dubrovnik

Abstract

Kratkim povijesnim pregledom temeljenim na iscrpnim literaturnim navodima prikazan je razvoj stomatološke struke u Dubrovniku. Najstarije podatke o brijačima-kirurzima u hrvatskim krajevima nalazimo u Dubrovniku gdje su oni službovali kao gradski namještenici. Prvi sačuvani ugovor potječe iz godine 1374., a prvo bratstvo uFraternitas barbirorum", osnovano 1452., štitilo je interese članova te pridonosilo ugledu toga zanimanja. Godine 1777. zubno-liječnička služba zasebna je grana opće zdravstvene zaštite, a njezino se vodstvo povjerava prvim školovanim zubnim liječnicima na području Dubrovačke Republike i u Dalmaciji Ga- etanu Pieriniju, 1788. godine, i potom Giovanniu Battisti Cortesiu koji je dužnost obnašao do pada Republike 1808. godine. Prvi zakon koji je uređivao tu djelatnost objavljen je godine 1848. U drugoj polovici devetnaestoga stoljeća u Dubrovniku djeluju diplomirani zubni liječnici Frano Dabrović (1843.-1897.), Niko Gjivović (1866.-1933.), Ivo Stjepovć-Dabrović (1867.-1934.) te Frano Stjepović-Dabrović (1900- 1954). Godine 1937. sagrađen je Dom zdravlja, a otvaraju se i područne zdravstvene stanice. To je bilo temeljem današnjeg ustroja ove službe u kojoj djeluje više od trideset stomatologa i specijalista gotovo svih stomatoloških područja.A brief historical review based on detailed reference literature reports provides insight into the development of dentistry as a profession in Dubrovnik. The oldest information about barbers-surgeons in Croatia have been found in Dubrovnik, where they worked as city servants. Among the first preserved contracts are those dating from 1374, whereas the first brotherhood, known as uFraternitas barbirorum", was established in 1452 with the object of protecting the interests of its members and contributing to the reputation of the profession. In 1777 dental care, in terms of medical services, become a separate branch of with a general health care, and its leadership was assigned to the first dental surgeons with a formal dental education in Dubrovnik and Dalmatia, namely to Gaetano Pierini in 1788 and later Giovanni Battista Cortesio, who held his terms of office until the fall of the Republic in 1808. The first legal act concerning all activities of the profession was issued in 1848. In the second half of the 19th century several graduate dental surgeons were active in Dubrovnik: Frano Dabrović (1843-1897), Niko Gjivović (1866-1933), Ivo Stijepović- Dabrović (1867-1934), and Frano Stijepović-Dabrović (1900-1954). In 1937 the Dubrovnik Health Centre was built and many regional health care services were established, laying foundations for the present- day organisation of dental services which today employ more than thirty general practitioners of dentistry and specialists in many dental branches