Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, Department of Social Work
Abstract
U radu su prikazani rezultati epidemiološkog istraživanja rasprostranjenosti nasilja nad djecom u Republici Hrvatskoj. Korišteni su dvoetapni probabilistički uzorci djece od 11, 13 i 16 godina, redovnih polaznika hrvatskih osnovnih i srednjih škola (N=3,644). Podaci su prikupljeni u sklopu međunarodnog istraživačkog FP7 projekta »BECAN – Balkan Epidemiological Study on Child Abuse and Neglect«. U istraživanju je korištena revidirana verzija ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool - Children’s Version (ICAST-C). Analiza prevalencija pokazala je da su djeca u obitelji najviše izložena psihičkoj agresiji (5. razred 59,0%; 7. razred 77,1%; 2. razred srednje škole 82,5%). Slijedi tjelesno kažnjavanje (5. razred 56,1%; 7. razred 68,4%; 2. razred srednje škole 72,3%), tjelesno zlostavljanje (5. razred 26,2%; 7. razred 34,0%; 2. razred srednje škole 40,7%) i, kao najmanje prisutno, psihičko zlostavljanje (5. razred 22,8%; 7. razred 26,8%; 2. razred srednje škole 34,8%). Postoji povezanost među svim kategorijama nasilja nad djecom, a najveća korelacija je između tjelesnog kažnjavanja i tjelesnog zlostavljanja (od 0,599 do 0,674).
Očevi i majke su najčešći počinitelji psihičke agresije, psihičkog zlostavljanja i tjelesnog kažnjavanja. Kod djece u 5. razredu najčešći počinitelj tjelesnog zlostavljanja je brat. Oni su podjednako često navedeni kao počinitelji nasilja u obitelji prema djevojčicama i dječacima. Sestre se češće pojavljuju kao počiniteljice psihičke agresije, tjelesnog kažnjavanja i tjelesnog zlostavljanja prema djevojčicama nego prema dječacima.
Većini djece nije bilo teško odgovarati na pitanja (95,2%) i biti iskren o nasilnim iskustvima u obitelji (90,8%). Ipak, kod djece koja su iskazala da im je bilo teško odgovarati i biti iskren statistički značajno je više onih koja su doživjela nasilje u obitelji.The paper presents the results of epidemiological research on the extent of family violence on children in the Republic of Croatia. The research used a two-phase design with a probability sample of children aged 11, 13 and 16 regularly enrolled into Croatian primary and secondary schools (N=3.644). Data was obtained within the international research FP7 project “BECAN – Balkan Epidemiological Study on Child Abuse and Neglect“. The research used the revised version of ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool - Children’s Version (ICAST-C). The prevalence analysis has shown that the most prevalent form of family violence on children is psychological aggression (5th grade 59.0%; 7th grade 77.1%; 10th grade 82.5%), followed by corporal punishment (5th grade 56.1%; 7th grade 68.4%; 10th grade 72.3%), physical abuse (5th grade 26.2%; 7th grade 34.0%; 10th grade 40.7%). The psychological abuse (5th grade 22.8%; 7th grade 26.8%; 10th grade 34.8%) reveals to be the least frequent. A correlation is observed among all categories of violence on children and the highest one being between corporate punishment and physical abuse (from 0.599 to 0.674).
The most common perpetrators of psychological aggression, psychological abuse and corporal punishment are fathers and mothers. Among the 5th graders, the most common perpetrators of physical abuse are brothers. They are approximately equally common perpetrators of family violence towards girls and boys. Sisters more commonly occur as perpetrators of psychological aggression, corporal punishment and physical abuse on girls than on boys.
Most children did not find answering questions (95.2%) and being honest about violent experiences within family (90.8%) difficult. However, among those children who revealed that they had found it difficult to answer and be honest, there is statistically significant higher number of those with experience of violence within the family.
The full text of this article will be available a
