Robert D. Hall and Flernoy G. Jones (Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture)5/81/6

Hall, Robert D.

Jones, Flernoy G.

English

University of Missouri: MOspace

u M C Stitll(t """ ~t(Hll(l/(1111 GUIDE P11Nisltetl /J11 tlte U11ivmit11 ii/ )lissi111ri - Co/11•/Jill trte111io11 tJivisio11 t-i, " ... I., V 1981 Beef Cattle Lice Control Recommendations Robert D. Hall and Flernoy G. Jones, Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture Two types of lice may be found on cattle in Missouri-chewing lice and sucking lice . Chewing Lice feed on hair, scabs and excretions from the animal's skin and irritate the skin with their sharp claws and mandibles. Chewing lice infes-tations weaken the animal, in-terrupt normal feeding activities and make the animal more sus-ceptible to diseases . The cattle biting louse is the only species of chewing louse occurring on cattle in Missouri . It is yellowish white with a red-dish head and may be found all over the animal's body and when full grown will be about 1/ 1 2 Biting louse inch long. It is a pest of both young and mature cattle. Sucking Lice feed by piercing the animal's skin with their sharp mouth-parts and withdrawing blood. The loss of blood stunts growth and reduces weight gain. The irritation caused by lice also hinders the animal's feeding activities which may reduce the growth rate. Continued heavy infestations weaken the animal to the point that stress from disease or extreme cold weather may cause death. Three species of sucking lice may be found on cattle in Misouri. Sucking lice may be found on the head, neck , withers, around the base of the tail , Bloodsucking louse brisket , and along the inner surfaces of the legs. The Iongnosed cattle louse is generally a pest of young cattle and is about 1/ 10 in. long. The shortnosed cattle louse is about 1/ 11; inch long and is more often a pest of older cattle. The little blue louse is about 1/rn inch long. It is generally a pest of older animals and is more common around the animal's head. Life History The eggs (nits) are glued to the hair and hatch in one to two weeks . The nymphs that hatch from these eggs become full-grown and start to lay eggs in about two weeks . Both chewing and bloodsucking lice are most abundant during the winter. Infestations are usually light during the summer and early fall but increase rapidly in the winter and spring. Some animals may be continuously infested with lice throughout the year. You may notice that certain animals are particularly prone to lice infestations . Schedule these "'carri-er" animials for disposal. Control Just because cattle are scratching or rubbing against solid objects during the winter and early spring doesn't mean they are lousy. Examine them before applying control measures . Part the animal's hair where lice are most likely to be and look for lice or for eggs attached to the hair. Cattle lice may be controlled with insecticides applied by sprayers, backrubbers, dust bags, or by "' pour-on" methods . Insecticide sprays will not affect the eggs, therefore, a second spray in 14 to no more than 18 days later will be necessary to kill the nymphs that hatch following the first spray. Missouri Insect Control Recommendations are revised annually and are subject to possible change during th e season. This guide is intended for use during the /98 I season only. No discrimination is intended and no endorsement is implied. 7011 METHOD OF CONTROL Sprays 1980 BEEF CATTLE LICE CONTROL RECOMMENDATIONS I. Coumaphos (Co-Ral) - Use 0.06% coumaphos made by mixing 2 pounds 25% Co-Ral wettable powder in I 00 gallons of water or I ounce in 3 gallons of water; or mix 2 quarts 11.6% Co-Ral emulsifiable concentrate in 100 gallons of water or 4 teaspoons in I gallon of water. *2. Dioxathion ( Delnav) - Use 0.15% dioxathion made by mixing 2 quarts 30% Delnav livestock emulsifiable concentrate in I 00 gallons of water or 4 teaspoons in I gallon of water. 3. Malathion - Use 0.5% malathion made by mixing I gallon 57% malathion emulsifiable concentrate in 100 gallons of water or 7 teaspoons in I gallon of water. 4. Ronne! (Korlan) - Use 0.25% ronnel made by mixing I gallon 24% Korlan emulsifiable concentrate in 100 gallons of water or 8 teaspoons in I gallon of water. 5. Toxaphene - Use 0.5% toxaphene made by mixing 3 quarts 60-65% toxaphene livestock emulsifiable concentrate in 100 gallons of water or 2 tablespoons in I gallon of water. RESTRICTIONS: No preslaughter interval is required with dioxathion (Delnav) or ronnel (Korlan) but DO NOT treat more often than once every two weeks . DO NOT spray with toxaphene within 28 days of slaughter. No pre slaughter interval is required with coumaphos ( Co-Ral) or malathion. The species of lice present and the area of body infested will determine the amount of coverage needed . For complete body coverage , apply one to two gallons of spray per animal depending upon size of animal and density of haircoat. Use smaller amounts of spray on calves 3-6 months old and DO NOT treat calves less than three months old . Use a sprayer that will produce at least 200 pounds of pressure so as to wet the skin, not just the hair. The first spray should be applied about November I. Make a second application 14 to no more days after the first application. Backrubbers I . Ronne! (Korlan)- Charge the backrubbers with 1% ronnel made by mixing IO tablespoons 24% Korlan emulsifiable concentrate in I gallon of fuel oil. 2. Toxaphene - Use 5% toxaphene made by mixing 2/3 pint 60-65% toxaphene livestock emulsifiable concentrate in I gallon of fuel oil. RESTRICTION: DO NOT permit animals access to toxaphene treated backrubbers within 28 days of slaughter. No preslaughter interval is required with ronnel (Korlan) . If a backrubber, as used for horn fly control, is used all year long, the cattle should not become lousy enough to need spraying. If necessary, relocate the backrubber to where cattle loaf during the winter. Apply l to 2 quarts of solution to cable-type backrubber or fill reservoir of oiler type to capacity every IO days to 2 weeks or as needed. The initial charging of cable-type backrubbers will require approximately I gallon of solution. DO NOT apply entire amount at one time. Allow backrubber to soak up material by making split applications until the backrubber is soaked. DO NOT locate backrubbers where drippage or spillage will contaminate water supplies. DO NOT LET CATTLE USE A BACKRUBBER THAT IS DRIPPING WITH THE INSECTICIDE MIXTURE. See UMC Guide 7012, "Making and Using Cattle Backrubber," for suggestions on constructing a backrubber. Dust Bags Use tightly woven or multiple layer burlap bags containing: I. Coumaphos (Co-Ral) - Use a 1% comaphos dust. 2. Stirofos (Rabon) - Use 3% Rabon livestock dusting powder. RESTRICTION: No preslaughter interval is required with these self-treatment applications. Lice should not build up on cattle using dust bags containing one of the above insecticides, if the bags are located where cattle will use them regularly. Place the bags near salt and mineral blocks , in alleyways, feed lots, and loafing sheds. Keep the bags as dry as possible. A simple tin roof is effective and easily constructed. Pour-on Method Starting at the shoulders , pour the required amount of insecticide along the backline for a distance of 18 to 24 inches. I. Chlorpyrifos ( Dursban-44) - apply 43 .2% chlorpyrifos at the rate of 2 cc per I 00 pounds of body weight up to 800 pounds or not to exceed 16 cc. Do not apply to animals under 200 pounds. NOTE: This product can be used any month of the year because it does not control cattle grub. Read the label carefully because of restrictions on exotic breeds of cattle . 2. Famphur (Warbex) - Use 13.2% ready-to-use pour-on applying 1/2 ounce per 100 pounds of body weight, but NO MORE THAN 4 FLUID OUNCES PER ANIMAL. DO NOT repeat treatment. Swine should be eliminated from areas where run-off occurs. 3. Mix one part 7.6% fenthion (Lysoff) with 8 parts water or use commercially available 3% fenthion (Tiguvon) without dilution . Apply Lysoff at rate of I fluid ounce of final mixture per IOOpounds of body weight. Apply Tiguvon at the rate of 1/2 fluid ounce per JOO pounds of body weight. RESTRICTIONS: On native Missouri Cattle, DO NOT apply famphur (Warbex) or fenthion (Lysoff, Tiguvon) as pour-ons during October, November and December unless applications were made earlier for grub control. Follow label restrictions for use on cattle imported from other states. DO NOT treat with famphur (Warbex) or fenthion (Lysoff, Tiguvon) within 35 days of slaughter. DO NOT apply famphur (Warbex) to Brahman bulls. Precautions: DO NOT apply in conjunction with oral drenches of other internal medication, such as phenothiazine , or with natural or synthetic pyrethroids or their synergists , or with other organic phosphates . Brahman and Brahman crossbred cattle are sensitive to most organic phosphate insecticides. Read and heed label restrictions when using organic phosphate insecticides on Brahman cattle. DO NOT contaminate feed, water, or feed and water utensils. DON OT locate backrubbers where excess insecticide or spillage will contaminate water supplies. Observe required time interval between application of any insecticide and slaughter of treated animal. READ AND FOLLOW all restrictions and precautions printed on the container label. * An asterisk (*) preceding any insecticide means that all or some uses of the product have been restricted by the Environmental Protection Agency. Applicators must be certified before they may purchase restricted products. ■ Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension Work Acts of May8 and June 30, 1914 in cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture. Leonard C. Douglas, Director, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Missouri and Lincoln University, Columbia, Missouri 65211 . ■ An equal opportunity institution. 7011 5/81/6M 

1981 beef cattle lice control recommendations

https://mospace.umsystem.edu/xmlui/bitstream/10355/69513/1/G7011-1981.pdf

1981 beef cattle lice control recommendations

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