Workload, Active Breaks, and Leisure-Time Recreational Activities

Abstract

Uvođenjem tehnologije u sve segmente radnoga procesa uvode se brojna pravila i ograničenja, ali i niz „novih“ učinaka na čovjeka. Čovjek nije bitno unaprijedio uvjete rada, on i nadalje sjedi, još duže, a kumulacija tenzija raste proporcionalno odgovornosti i sve većem opsegu posla. Pomanjkanje fizičkoga poticaja snižava stupanj sposobnosti koji se adaptira na aktualne tjelesne zahtjeve, a oni snižavaju stupanj funkcija organskih sustava posebice srčanožilnoga i dišnoga sustava. Osim statičkoga opterećenja u većini zanimanja dominira povećano opterećenje vida i živčanoga sustava koji su opterećeni kontinuiranom pozornošću na monitore, stvarajući napetost, umor pa i razdražljivost. Posljedice takvoga rada nužno je kompenzirati u slobodnom vremenu. Kineziološka struka bavi se unapređenjem radnih uvjeta odgovarajućim programima vježbanja kako u neposrednom radu tako i u slobodno vrijeme. U radu su prikazane preporuke za provođenje sportsko-rekreacijskih aktivnosti zaposlenika sukladno položaju pri radu, vrstama i intenzitetu tjelesnog opterećenja, a općenita preporuka glasi: 3x5 minuta dnevno vježbi istezanja i opuštanja u okviru aktivne pauze na radu, dnevne cikličke aktivnosti u trajanju 30-60 minuta i 2x60 minuta ciljanoga programa vježbanja sukladno osobnim potrebama tjedno.The introduction of technology into all aspects of the work process brought about a number of rules and limitations but also a number of “new” effects on people. Working conditions have not signifi cantly improved, the main working position is still sitting, and psychological tension continues to increase with grater responsibilities and workload. The lack of physical activity lowers the level of physical ability and thus the degree of functioning of different organ systems, mainly cardiovascular and respiratory. In addition to static loads, in most professions, visual and nervous systems are burdened by continuous attention to monitors, which creates tension, fatigue, and nervousness. Therefore, there is a need to compensate for the consequence of such work in spare time. Kinesiological profession is engaged in improving working conditions by introducing appropriate exercise programmes in both the working environment and leisure. This paper presents physical activity recommendations for the employees according to their working position, form, and intensity of workload. General recommendations for the employees’ physical activity are: 3x5 minutes of daily stretching and relaxation within an active break at work, daily aerobic activity 30-60 minutes, and 2x60 minutes weekly of tailor made specific exercise programmes