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Arts Hall by Ivan Meštrović: Construction, Deconstruction and Renewal

Abstract

Dom hrvatskih likovnih umjetnika sagrađen je 1938. godine u Zagrebu prema idejnoj zamisli kipara Ivana Meštrovića iz 1933. godine, uz suradnju pri projektiranju i realizaciji tada istaknutih arhitekata (Ivan Zemljak, Harold Bilinić, Lavoslav Horvat, Zvonimir Kavurić i drugi). Tijekom 1941. godine Dom je pregrađen u džamiju, tako da mu je, prema projektu Zvonimira Požgaja, preuređena unutrašnja arhitektura prekrivanjem svih zidova islamskom ornamentikom te dodavanjem armiranobetonske kupole iznad središnje dvorane i niša duž obodnih zidova, a prema projektu Stjepana Planića zgradi su dodana tri minareta i pred glavnim je ulazom formiran trg s bazenom. Nakon 1945. Dom je korišten kao Muzej partizanske borbe u Hrvatskoj tijekom Drugoga svjetskog rata: tada su srušeni minareti i uklonjene su unutrašnje dekoracije džamije. Prema programu Muzeja, 1951. su u središnjoj dvorani dograđene nove galerije i stubišta od čelične konstrukcije prema projektu Vjenceslava Richtera. Sve te naslage pregradnji uništile su izvornu koncepciju i kvalitetu Doma, te su uklonjene u razdoblju 2001.-2003. godine u organizaciji Kuratorija Hrvatskog društva likovnih umjetnosti (Radovan Ivančević, Robert Šimrak, Zlatan Vrkljan, Feđa Vukić), a prema projektu obnove Andrije Mutnjakovića.The Arts Hall [Dom hrvatskih likovnih umjetnika] was constructed in 1938, based on the 1933 concept design of sculptor Ivan Meštrović, collaborated with - on conception and relalization - then-well-known architects (Ivan Zemljak, Harold Bilinić, Lavoslav Horvat, Zvonimir Kavurić and others). In 1941, the Arts Hall was converted into a mosque, and according to the project of Zvonimir Požgaj the internal architecture was changed through the covering of all walls with Islamic ornamentation and the addition of a reinforced-concrete dome above the central hall and a recession along the circumferential walls. Also - according to a project by Stjepan Planić - three minarets were added to the building, and in front of the main entrance a square with a pool was added. After 1945, the Arts Hall was used as a museum of partisan battles in Croatia during the Second World War: the minarets were demolished and the internal decorations were removed. According to the museum\u27s program, in 1951 a new gallery and steelconstructed stairs were added to the central hall, based upon a project by Vjenceslav Richter. All of these layers of reconstruction served to destroy the original conception and quality of the Arts Hall, and were removed in the period from 2001-2003 through the organization of the curatorship of the Croatian Association of Artists, composed of Radovan Ivančević, Robert Šimrak, Zlatan Vrkljan, Feđa Vukić, and based upon a renewal project by Andrija Mutnjaković

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