The Effect of Fluoridated Dentifrice Formulations on Enamel Remineralisation and Microhardness after in Vitro Demineralization

Abstract

Svrha: Svrha rada bila je procijeniti utjecaj komercijalnih pasta za zube s različitom formulom fluorida na remineralizaciju površine cakline. Materijali i metode: Pripremljeni su caklinski blokovi te, uz hlađenje vodom, polirani karborundnim diskovima različite finoće (320, 600 i 1200 grita). Nakon toga su nasumce podijeljeni u sedam skupina. Uzorci su bili izvrgnuti svakodnevnom režimu koji se sastojao od dvaju jednominutnih četkanja – jednim nakon šestosatne demineralizacije i drugim nakon remineralizacije u umjetnoj slini u trajanju od 18 sati. Tijekom izmjene pH-ciklusa svaka od sedam skupina tretirana je različitim pastama za zube: fluoridnim pastama Sensodyne Rapid (1040 ppm NaF), Colgate Total (1100 ppm NaF), Parodontax fluoride (1400 ppm NaF), Sensodyne fluoride (1400 ppm NaF), Pronamel Sensodyne (1450 ppm NaF), Elmex-GABA international (1250 ppm F Amine fluoride) i pastom bez fluorida Detartrine (Septodont). Mikrotvrdoća površine (SMH) uzoraka izmjerena je Shimadzovim mikrodurimetrom HMV–2000 (50 g, 490,3 mN. 10 s) na početku istraživanja i nakon dvanaestodnevne primjene pH-režima. Rezultati: U svim skupinama uzoraka tretiranima fluoridnim pastama ustanovljen je porast SMH u odnosu prema ontrolnoj skupini. Pronamel, Sensodyne F, Sensodyne Rapid i Colgate Total statistički su nakon dvanaestodnevnog pH-režima bili superiorniji od ostalih fluoridnih pasta i onih bez fluorida kojima su se koristili sudionici u kontrolnoj skupini. Vrijednosti mikrotvrdoće cakline nakon 12 dana tretmana Parodontaxom u odnosu na početak pokazale su povećanje SMH, ali nije bilo statističke značajnosti (p>0,05). Zaključak: Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da paste s visokim sadržajem fluorida (1450 ppm) u eksperimentalnim uvjetima učinkovito sprječavaju demineralizaciju.Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the effect of commercially available dentifrices with different fluoride formula on remineralisation of enamel surface. Material and Methods: Enamel blocks were ground flat with water-cooled carborundum discs (320, 600 and 1200 grit) and randomly divided into seven groups. The specimens were subjected to a daily cycling regime comprising two one-minute brushing treatments; one before and one after the demineralization period of 6 hours and 18 hours, and remineralisation in artificial saliva. During the pH cycling regimen each of those seven groups were treated with different dentifrices: fluoride dentifrice Sensodyne Rapid (1040 ppm NaF), Colgate Total (1100 ppm NaF), Parodontax fluoride (1400 ppm NaF), Sensodyne fluoride (1400 ppm NaF), Pronamel Sensodyne (1450 ppm NaF), Elmex-GABA International (1250 ppm F Amine fluoride), and fluoride free Detartrine Paste (Septodont). The surface microhardness (SMH) of those specimens was determined at baseline and after 12 days using HMV-2000 (50 g, 490.3 mN, 10 s) (Shimadzu, Japan). Results: All specimen groups treated with fluorides showed increase in SMH compared to control group. Pronamel, Sensodyne F, Sensodyne Rapid and Colgate Total were statistically superior to other fluoride dentifrices and a fluoride-free control after 12 days pH-cycling regime. Rates of enamel microhardness at baseline and after 12 days cycling treated with Parodontax obtained increase in SMH, but it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results obtained in the present study show that high fluoride toothpastes (1450 ppm) effectively inhibit demineralization under experimental conditions