Hydrate formation and its influence on natural gas pipeline internal corrosion

Abstract

Ova studija utvrđuje mogućnost da formiranje hidrata potakne unutarnju koroziju duž plinovoda. Utvrđene vrste korozije, a to su kavitacije, erozija i korozije uzrokovane kemijskim reakcijama, mogu pojedinačno ili zajednički potaknuti rupičastu koroziju i korozijsko raspucavanje uz naprezanje, što je također opasno za plinovod. Ove vrste korozije negativno utječu na ekonomiju, okoliš i ljude tako da gubitci u gospodarstvu dosežu 3 bilijuna US$, ovisno o dužini cijevi, lokaciji, dubini mora, djelovanju valova, klimatskim uvjetima i političkoj situaciji. Na kraju su predložene razne predvidive mjere kako bi se smanjilo stvaranje hidrata.This study establishes the ability of hydrate formation to initiate internal corrosions along natural gas pipelines. The identified corrosion types, which are cavitations, erosion and corrosions by chemical reactions, are capable to individually or collectively initiate pitting and stress cracking corrosions which are also dangerous to gas pipelines. The impacts of these corrosion types are classified to economics, environmental and human loss with the economic loss as much as US$3 trillion depending on the pipe-length, location, sea depth, wave function, climatic conditions and political situations. Various predictive measures to minimize hydrate formations are finally recommended